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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of diabetes?
What is the primary characteristic of diabetes?
- Chronic high blood sugar levels (correct)
- Consistently low blood sugar levels
- Fluctuating blood sugar levels
- Increased insulin production
Which of the following is not a recognized underlying cause of diabetes mellitus?
Which of the following is not a recognized underlying cause of diabetes mellitus?
- Frequent exercise (correct)
- Genetic factors
- Ethnicity
- Obesity
In Type 1 diabetes, what happens to insulin production?
In Type 1 diabetes, what happens to insulin production?
- It is overproduced
- It is produced in insufficient amounts
- It is not produced at all (correct)
- It is produced only during meals
What occurs in Type 2 diabetes concerning insulin receptors?
What occurs in Type 2 diabetes concerning insulin receptors?
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What is the normal blood glucose level range for non-diabetic individuals?
What is the normal blood glucose level range for non-diabetic individuals?
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Which factor is not mentioned as a category for diabetes causes?
Which factor is not mentioned as a category for diabetes causes?
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How do blood glucose levels for diabetics compare before meals?
How do blood glucose levels for diabetics compare before meals?
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What metabolic disorder is characterized by chronic high blood sugar levels?
What metabolic disorder is characterized by chronic high blood sugar levels?
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Study Notes
Overview of Diabetes
- Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic high blood sugar levels.
- It is a prevalent condition affecting various demographics.
Causes of Diabetes
- Underlying causes generally fall into four categories:
- Genetic factors can increase susceptibility.
- Obesity contributes to the development of diabetes.
- Age is a significant risk factor, with increased incidence in older populations.
- Certain ethnicities exhibit higher prevalence rates of diabetes.
Types of Diabetes
- Type 1 Diabetes:
- Insulin production is completely absent.
- Type 2 Diabetes:
- Insulin is produced but receptors have mutated, preventing glucose absorption by cells.
Blood Glucose Levels
- Blood glucose level represents the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream, measured in millimoles per litre (mmol/L).
- Normal blood glucose values are:
- Non-diabetics: 3.0 to 5.6 mmol/L.
- Diabetics: 4 to 7 mmol/L before meals.
Diabetic Emergencies
- Can occur due to uncontrolled blood sugar levels, leading to acute health risks.
- Management involves prompt assessment and intervention to stabilize glucose levels.
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