Diabetes Definition and Types
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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of Type 1 Diabetes?

  • Develops during pregnancy
  • Caused by hormonal changes
  • Body doesn't respond to insulin effectively
  • Body doesn't produce enough insulin (correct)

What is a common symptom of Diabetes?

  • Runny nose
  • Sore throat
  • Fatigue (correct)
  • Headache

What is the purpose of the Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test?

  • To diagnose Diabetes
  • To check blood pressure
  • To check cholesterol levels
  • To monitor blood sugar levels over time (correct)

What is a potential long-term complication of Diabetes?

<p>Heart disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of Gestational Diabetes?

<p>Hormonal changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for Type 1 Diabetes?

<p>Insulin therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes?

<p>Obesity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a short-term complication of Diabetes?

<p>Hypoglycemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definition and Types

  • Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels
  • There are three main types of diabetes:
    1. Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): Autoimmune disease, body doesn't produce enough insulin
    2. Type 2 Diabetes (T2D): Metabolic disorder, body doesn't produce or respond to insulin effectively
    3. Gestational Diabetes (GDM): Develops during pregnancy, usually in the second or third trimester

Causes and Risk Factors

  • T1D: Genetics, autoimmune response, environmental factors
  • T2D: Obesity, physical inactivity, genetics, family history, age, certain medications
  • GDM: Hormonal changes, obesity, family history, age, previous history of GDM

Symptoms

  • Increased thirst and hunger
  • Frequent urination
  • Fatigue
  • Blurred vision
  • Slow healing of cuts and wounds
  • Tingling or numbness in hands and feet
  • Recurring skin, gum, or bladder infections

Diagnosis

  • Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test
  • Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
  • Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test
  • Random plasma glucose test

Treatment and Management

  • T1D: Insulin therapy, lifestyle changes (diet, exercise)
  • T2D: Lifestyle changes, oral medications, insulin therapy (if necessary)
  • GDM: Diet, exercise, insulin therapy (if necessary)
  • Monitoring blood sugar levels
  • Managing blood pressure and cholesterol levels

Complications

  • Short-term: Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Long-term: Heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, nerve damage, vision loss, foot damage

Definition and Types

  • Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels
  • There are three main types of diabetes: Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Gestational Diabetes
  • Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which the body doesn't produce enough insulin
  • Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder in which the body doesn't produce or respond to insulin effectively
  • Gestational Diabetes (GDM) develops during pregnancy, usually in the second or third trimester

Causes and Risk Factors

  • Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is caused by genetics, autoimmune response, and environmental factors
  • Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is caused by obesity, physical inactivity, genetics, family history, age, and certain medications
  • Gestational Diabetes (GDM) is caused by hormonal changes, obesity, family history, age, and previous history of GDM

Symptoms

  • Increased thirst and hunger are common symptoms of diabetes
  • Frequent urination is a symptom of diabetes
  • Fatigue is a symptom of diabetes
  • Blurred vision is a symptom of diabetes
  • Slow healing of cuts and wounds is a symptom of diabetes
  • Tingling or numbness in hands and feet is a symptom of diabetes
  • Recurring skin, gum, or bladder infections are symptoms of diabetes

Diagnosis

  • Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test is used to diagnose diabetes
  • Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is used to diagnose diabetes
  • Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test is used to diagnose diabetes
  • Random Plasma Glucose test is used to diagnose diabetes

Treatment and Management

  • Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is treated with insulin therapy and lifestyle changes (diet, exercise)
  • Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is treated with lifestyle changes, oral medications, and insulin therapy (if necessary)
  • Gestational Diabetes (GDM) is treated with diet, exercise, and insulin therapy (if necessary)
  • Monitoring blood sugar levels is crucial for managing diabetes
  • Managing blood pressure and cholesterol levels is crucial for managing diabetes

Complications

  • Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) is a short-term complication of diabetes
  • Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) is a short-term complication of diabetes
  • Diabetic ketoacidosis is a short-term complication of diabetes
  • Heart disease is a long-term complication of diabetes
  • Stroke is a long-term complication of diabetes
  • Kidney disease is a long-term complication of diabetes
  • Nerve damage is a long-term complication of diabetes
  • Vision loss is a long-term complication of diabetes
  • Foot damage is a long-term complication of diabetes

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Learn about diabetes, its types, causes, and risk factors. Understand the difference between Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes.

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