Diabetes and Kidney Disease Case Study Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What mnemonic can be helpful to broaden the differential diagnosis?

  • CLUES
  • MURDER
  • VINDICATES (correct)
  • HEALTH

What is a mitigation strategy for familiarity bias?

  • Relying on historical norms
  • Ignoring confirmation of mental model
  • Using confirmation bias
  • Looking at each case objectively (correct)

How can one mitigate diagnosis momentum?

  • Avoiding independent impressions
  • Ignoring the nurse's impression
  • Considering alternative diagnoses (correct)
  • Relying heavily on the resident's diagnosis

What is a mitigation strategy for visceral bias?

<p>Forcing oneself to slow down and do a more careful assessment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the patient's scenario, what is the most likely diagnosis?

<p>Thalassemia Minor/ Thalassemia Trait (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test(s) would you need to confirm the diagnosis of the case above?

<p>Peripheral blood smear (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After confirming the diagnosis in the case above, what would your management plan be?

<p>Genetic counseling and no specific treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely diagnosis for the patient described in the text?

<p>Atherosclerosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be possible differential diagnoses for the patient with subacute bilateral 2+ lower extremity edema, frothy urine, and hypoalbuminemia?

<p>Nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, and heart failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT mentioned in the patient's presentation?

<p>Coughing up blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cognitive bias is reflected when the providers continued to attribute the patient's somnolence and hypoxia to intoxication despite a relatively low EtOH level?

<p>Confirmation bias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, what is the patient's current heart rate?

<p>75 bpm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How could the bias of anchoring be mitigated proactively in the patient's case?

<p>Look at the data and consider all possibilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medication is the patient currently taking for his high blood pressure?

<p>Atenolol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential cause of the patient's bilateral lower extremity paralysis noted 2 days later?

<p>Spinal cord injury and cord impingement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the patient's family history notable for?

<p>Myocardial infarction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the patient's case, what type of cognitive bias involves seeking evidence to support the working diagnosis rather than information to refute it?

<p>Anchoring bias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary complaint of the patient?

<p>Chest pain during exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of cognitive biases are at play in the patient's case?

<p>Anchoring bias, confirmation bias, diagnosis momentum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the patient's smoking history in pack-years?

<p>50 pack-years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cognitive bias describes a tendency to revert to familiar patterns of a patient’s presentations rather than looking for what is novel about the presentation?

<p>Familiarity bias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diet is the patient following?

<p>Low-fat diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential impact of familiarity bias in the patient's case?

<p>Delayed diagnosis and treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with the patient's chest pain?

<p>Vomiting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible mitigation strategy for anchoring bias in the patient's case?

<p>Look at the data and consider all possibilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What classification would clinically describe the patient's diagnosis?

<p>Atherosclerosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cognitive bias involves seeking evidence to support the working diagnosis rather than information to refute it in the patient's case?

<p>Confirmation bias (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely diagnosis for the 25-year-old woman with episodic shortness of breath and chest tightness?

<p>Asthma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical clues help in the diagnosis of asthma in the case above?

<p>History of living with a cat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic test is needed to confirm the diagnosis of asthma in the case above?

<p>Basic spirometry to check pulmonary function and lung volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which findings would confirm the diagnosis of asthma?

<p>High forced vital capacity/forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FVC/FEV1) ratio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical clues help in the diagnosis of the patient's likely coronary artery disease?

<p>Pain occurring at rest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the patient's illness script based on the given description?

<p>Stable angina due to exertional symptoms and stable for several months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test(s) would be necessary to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in a similar patient scenario?

<p>D-dimer blood test for clot detection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which findings might confirm a diagnosis of COPD?

<p>Decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential causes for the patient's worsening swelling in both legs, frothy urine, and hypoalbuminemia?

<p>Nephrotic syndrome due to renal disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the patient's risk factors for coronary artery disease?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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