Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

Definition

• HCI is the study of how people interact with computers and design of computers to facilitate effective interaction

Goals

• Improve the usability and accessibility of computer systems
• Enhance the user experience
• Increase productivity and efficiency

Key Concepts

• User-centered design: designing systems that are centered around the needs and goals of the user
• Interaction design: designing the interactions between the user and the computer system
• Usability: the ease with which a user can use a system to achieve a particular goal
• Accessibility: the extent to which a system is usable by people with disabilities

HCI Design Principles

• Visibility: the system should always keep users informed about what is going on
• Affordance: the system should suggest the possible actions to the user
• Feedback: the system should provide feedback to the user about their actions
• Constraints: the system should limit the user's actions to prevent errors
• Consistency: the system should behave consistently in similar situations

HCI Design Process

1. User research: understanding the needs and goals of the user
2. User modeling: creating models of the user's behavior and goals
3. Task analysis: breaking down the user's tasks into smaller components
4. Design: designing the system and its interactions
5. Prototyping: creating a prototype of the system
6. Testing: testing the system with real users
7. Iteration: refining the system based on user feedback

HCI Evaluation Methods

• Heuristic evaluation: evaluating the system against a set of usability principles
• User testing: testing the system with real users
• Cognitive walkthrough: walking through the system with a user to identify usability issues
• Surveys and interviews: gathering feedback from users through surveys and interviews

人机交互（HCI）

定义

• 人机交互是研究人类如何与计算机交互，并设计计算机以便于有效交互

目标

• 提高计算机系统的易用性和可访问性
• 提高用户体验
• 提高生产效率和效率

关键概念

• 以用户为中心的设计：围绕用户的需求和目标设计系统
• 交互设计：设计用户与计算机系统之间的交互
• 易用性：用户使用系统达到特定目标的难易程度
• 可访问性：系统为残疾人士使用的程度

HCI设计原则

• 可见性：系统应该始终告知用户当前正在发生什么
• 可感性：系统应该向用户建议可能的操作
• 反馈：系统应该向用户提供操作反馈
• 约束：系统应该限制用户的操作以防止错误
• 一致性：系统应该在类似情况下保持一致的行为

HCI设计过程

• 用户研究：了解用户的需求和目标
• 用户建模：创建用户行为和目标的模型
• 任务分析：将用户的任务分解成小的组件
• 设计：设计系统和其交互
• 原型：创建系统的原型
• 测试：使用真实用户测试系统
• 迭代：根据用户反馈改进系统

HCI评估方法

• 启发式评估：根据一揽 usability 原则评估系统
• 用户测试：使用真实用户测试系统
• 认知演练：与用户一起走过系统以识别易用性问题
• 问卷和采访：通过问卷和采访收集用户反馈