2.6 – Network Connections: DHCP Configuration

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the IP address range configured in a DHCP server?

  • To limit the number of devices that can connect to the network
  • To specify which IP addresses can be assigned to devices (correct)
  • To determine the maximum bandwidth available to each workstation
  • To track the historical usage of IP addresses in the network

What does the lease duration setting in a DHCP server specify?

  • The maximum duration a workstation can use the same IP address (correct)
  • The total number of devices that can connect simultaneously
  • The time it takes to allocate an IP address to a workstation
  • The minimum time required for a device to release an IP address

Why might a DHCP server be configured with DNS server settings?

  • To ensure devices can resolve domain names to IP addresses (correct)
  • To monitor traffic patterns in the network
  • To enable routing protocols across multiple networks
  • To restrict access to specific internet services

What is a DHCP reservation?

<p>A permanent allocation of a specific IP address to a device (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a scope in a DHCP server?

<p>It defines the range of IP addresses available for distribution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'excluded addresses' refer to in DHCP configuration?

<p>Addresses that cannot be assigned by the DHCP server (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of DHCP, what does the term 'address lease' refer to?

<p>A record of the time a device is allowed to use an assigned IP address (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does scope options play in DHCP server configuration?

<p>They allow configuration of additional network parameters for devices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of IP addresses that the DHCP server can assign?

<p>10.10.10.2 to 10.10.10.100 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does a DHCP lease last if it is set to 86,400 seconds?

<p>1 day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the T1 timer do in the DHCP lease process?

<p>It checks in halfway through the lease time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the T2 timer expires?

<p>The device attempts to rebind with any other available DHCP server. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a DHCP address reservation?

<p>A unique assignment of an IP address that will not change. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a MAC address in DHCP?

<p>It associates devices with specific IP addresses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a device's DHCP lease time expires?

<p>The IP address returns to the DHCP server and becomes available for others. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which period does a device attempt to renew its DHCP lease?

<p>After the T1 timer goes off. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does DHCP handle a situation where the original DHCP server is unavailable?

<p>It will use the T2 timer to find another available DHCP server. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during an automatic assignment in DHCP?

<p>The DHCP server keeps a record of previously assigned IP addresses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of address lease time in DHCP?

<p>It dictates how long an IP address is assigned to a device before it is available for others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a device does not check in with the DHCP server before the lease time expires?

<p>The lease times out and the IP address becomes available for reallocation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

IP Address Scope

The range of available IP addresses that a DHCP server can assign to devices on a network.

DHCP Lease Duration

The time period for which a device can hold onto an IP address assigned by the DHCP server.

DHCP Reservation

A configuration setting that allows you to reserve a specific IP address for a particular device, ensuring it always gets the same address.

IP Address Exclusion

A setting in a DHCP server that allows you to exclude certain IP addresses from being assigned to devices.

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DHCP Scope Options

Additional configuration settings within DHCP that provide extra information to devices, like the IP address of a DNS server or a VoIP gateway.

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DHCP Server

A device that assigns IP addresses to other devices on a network.

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DHCP Process

The process by which a DHCP server automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

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DHCP Enabled Router

A network configuration where a device, often a router, assigns IP addresses to connected devices.

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DHCP Server IP Address Range Start

The starting point for a range of IP addresses that a DHCP server can assign.

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DHCP Server IP Address Range End

The ending point for a range of IP addresses that a DHCP server can assign.

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DHCP Lease Time

The time period for which a device can use an IP address assigned by a DHCP server.

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Dynamic DHCP Assignment

A dynamic IP assignment allows devices to receive any available IP address from a pool of addresses.

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Automatic DHCP Assignment

Automatic DHCP assignment remembers previously assigned IP addresses and tries to assign the same address to a device that has connected before.

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DHCP Address Reservation

A DHCP reservation guarantees that a device will always receive the same IP address, regardless of other devices connecting to the network.

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MAC (Media Access Control) Address

The physical address of a network interface card (NIC), which is unique to each device.

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DHCP Lease Renewal

The concept of an IP address assigned by a DHCP server being temporary. The device must periodically renew its lease to maintain its assignment.

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DHCP Lease Timeout

The DHCP server releases the IP address back to the pool of available addresses if a device does not renew its lease.

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T1 Timer

A timer that activates halfway through the DHCP lease time to check with the DHCP server and renew the lease.

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T2 Timer

A timer that activates when a device can't contact the primary DHCP server and attempts to rebind with a redundant server to keep its IP address.

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Redundant DHCP Server

A redundant DHCP server that can assign an IP address if the primary server is unavailable.

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DHCP Lease Cycle

The time period between obtaining an IP address and renewing it, with the possibility of rebinding with a redundant server if the primary server is unavailable.

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Study Notes

DHCP Server Configuration

  • IP Address Range: DHCP servers require a defined IP address range and subnet mask.
  • Lease Duration: Configure how long a workstation can hold an IP address.
  • DNS Server: Configure DNS server IP addresses for client devices.
  • Default Gateway: Configure default gateway IP address for client devices.
  • Voice over IP (VoIP): Configure VoIP server IP addresses, if applicable.

DHCP Address Assignment

  • Address Pool: DHCP servers choose available IP addresses from pre-configured pools.
  • Subnet Pools: Usually a contiguous range of IP addresses for efficient assignment.
  • DHCP Reservations: Allow for specific devices to always receive the same IP address.
  • IP Address Exclusion: Exclude specific IP addresses from the pool.
  • Address Leases: Track previously assigned IP addresses and their status.

DHCP Server Example (Windows Server)

  • Scope: 165.245.44.0 (defines the network range).
  • Address Pools: Specific IP address ranges within the scope.
  • Address Leases: Track IP address assignments.
  • IP Reservations: Pre-define specific IP addresses for specific devices.
  • Scope Options: Allow for additional parameters like VoIP server IP addresses.

DHCP Server Example (Embedded Router)

  • Start Address: Defines first available IP address in the pool (e.g., 10.10.10.2).
  • End Address: Specifies the last available IP address in the pool (e.g., 10.10.10.100).
  • Lease Time: Specified in seconds (e.g., 86,400 seconds = 24 hours).
  • Gateway: Specifies the router’s IP address (default gateway, e.g., 10.10.10.1).
  • DNS Servers: Configures DNS servers that client devices will use.

DHCP Address Assignment Types

  • Dynamic Assignment: Temporary IP address assignment from the pool.
  • Automatic Assignment: DHCP servers may remember previously connected devices and reassign the same IP address if available.
  • DHCP Reservations (Static Assignments): Assign a specific IP address to a specific, known device (linked to MAC address).

DHCP Lease Management

  • Lease Expiration: IP addresses become available to other devices after the lease expires.
  • Lease Time Configuration: Administrators set lease times (e.g., 24 hours).
  • Reallocation (Renew): Re-assign existing DHCP leased IP address after a reboot, or rejoin the network.
  • Manual Release: Manually release an IP address back to the DHCP server.

DHCP Lease Timers

  • T1 Timer: Checks in with the DHCP server halfway through the lease. Triggers IP renewal process.
  • T2 Timer: Re-binding attempt; Tries to find an alternative DHCP server if the initial one is unavailable.

Visual Example of DHCP Lease Process

  • Lease Time: The total time the IP address is assigned (e.g., 8 days).
  • T1 Timer: Checks in after 50% of the lease time (e.g., 4 days).
  • T2 Timer: Renewal attempt after 87.5% of the lease time (e.g., 7 days).
  • Renewal Process.
  • Redundant DHCP Server (Backup).

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