Dextromethorphan (Robitussin DM) Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the therapeutic class of Dextromethorphan?

  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Pain reliever
  • Cough suppressant (correct)
  • Antibiotic
  • What is the pharmacologic class of Dextromethorphan?

    Non-opioid antitussive

    Name an example of another drug in the same class as Dextromethorphan.

    Benzonatate

    What is the pregnancy category of Dextromethorphan?

    <p>Pregnancy Category C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some uses of Dextromethorphan?

    <p>Cough suppression in allergy and cold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Dextromethorphan act to suppress cough?

    <p>It raises the cough threshold through its action on the CNS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended route for administering Dextromethorphan?

    <p>PO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some contraindications for using Dextromethorphan?

    <p>Chronic cough due to excessive bronchial secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some adverse effects of Dextromethorphan?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done in the case of a Dextromethorphan overdose?

    <p>Naloxone (Narcan) should be used if sedation or respiratory depression occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an important nursing implication when administering Dextromethorphan?

    <p>Cough syrups should be swallowed without water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dextromethorphan (Robitussin DM) Overview

    • Classified therapeutically as a cough suppressant, designed to alleviate coughing.
    • Falls under the pharmacologic category of non-opioid antitussives, increasing the cough threshold.
    • Other notable drug in this class is Benzonatate.

    Pregnancy Considerations

    • Assigned to Pregnancy Category C, indicating potential risks that should be evaluated.

    Clinical Uses

    • Primarily used for cough suppression due to allergies or colds.
    • May enhance pain relief when combined with opioid medications.

    Mechanism of Action

    • Functions by acting on the central nervous system (CNS) to elevate the cough threshold, effectively suppressing the cough reflex.

    Administration

    • Administered orally (PO), allowing for easy intake and absorption.

    Contraindications

    • Not recommended for chronic cough associated with excessive bronchial secretions like asthma, chronic smoking, or emphysema.
    • Contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential risks.

    Adverse Effects

    • Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and hallucinations.
    • Severe reactions may include slurred speech, euphoria, ataxia, hyperexcitability, stupor, respiratory depression, seizures, and coma.

    Drug Interactions

    • Risk of hypertensive crisis when combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as a result of CNS excitation.
    • Increased sedation risk when used alongside alcohol, opioids, or other CNS depressants.
    • Grapefruit juice can elevate drug levels, potentially leading to toxic effects.

    Overdose Management

    • Naloxone (Narcan) should be administered if sedation or respiratory depression occurs following overdose.

    Nursing Implications

    • Advise that cough syrups should be swallowed without water for effective throat coating, followed by increased fluid intake after 30 to 60 minutes.
    • Do not administer to children under the age of 2 years.
    • Benzonatate capsules should not be chewed due to the risk of mouth and throat numbness.
    • Monitor patients for dizziness, drowsiness, and respiratory status.
    • Watch for adverse effects; encourage assistance when standing up.
    • Notify healthcare provider if cough persists or worsens.
    • Advise against alcohol consumption while taking the medication.
    • Educate patients on supplementary nonpharmacologic measures, such as fluid intake to thin mucus and maintain moisture in the respiratory tract.
    • Monitor for any changes in cough severity, sputum color, and consistency.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Dextromethorphan (Robitussin DM) with these flashcards. This quiz covers therapeutic and pharmacologic classifications, pregnancy categories, and uses of the drug. Perfect for students or healthcare professionals wanting to deepen their understanding of this common cough suppressant.

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