Questions and Answers
What is the trade name for Dexamethasone?
What is the classification of Dexamethasone?
Glucocorticoid
What is the mechanism of action of Dexamethasone?
It suppresses inflammation and relaxes smooth muscle.
Dexamethasone is indicated for _________, rheumatic, and allergic states.
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What are the contraindications for Dexamethasone?
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What are some adverse reactions associated with Dexamethasone?
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What can decrease the effects of Dexamethasone?
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What is the recommended dosage range for adults taking Dexamethasone in EMS?
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What is a special consideration regarding Dexamethasone in pregnancy?
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Study Notes
Dexamethasone Overview
- Trade names include Decadron and Hexadrol.
- Classified as a glucocorticoid, a type of steroid hormone.
Mechanism of Action
- Synthetic steroid mimicking natural adrenal cortex hormones.
- Suppresses acute and chronic inflammation.
- Potentiates relaxation of vascular and bronchial smooth muscle through beta-adrenergic agonists.
- Alters airway hyperactivity.
- Commonly used in emergency care for allergic reactions and asthma to reduce CNS swelling.
Indications
- Effective for a variety of conditions including endocrine, rheumatic, and hematological disorders.
- Used in allergic states and septic shock.
- Addresses chronic inflammation.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for individuals with hypersensitivity to glucocorticoids.
- Avoid in patients with active untreated infections.
Adverse Reactions
- Potential side effects include decreased wound healing, hypertension, gastrointestinal bleeding, and hyperglycemia.
Drug Interactions
- Barbiturates and phenytoin can reduce the effectiveness of Dexamethasone.
Dosage and Administration
- Adult dosage typically ranges from 4 to 24 mg IV, with some physicians prescribing higher doses up to 100 mg as needed.
- Pediatric dosage is 0.25-0.5 mg/kg per dose via IV/IO.
Special Considerations
- Classified as Pregnancy Category C due to risk of fetal damage.
- Dexamethasone crosses the placenta, potentially impacting fetal development.
- Should be stored away from heat; long onset time limits its use in EMS settings for allergic reactions.
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Test your knowledge with these flashcards focused on Dexamethasone. Learn about its trade names, classification, and mechanism of action in a concise manner. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.
