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Questions and Answers
According to Durkheim, what is the main function of deviance in society?
In the context of social deviations and diversions, what differentiates diversions from deviations?
What did Durkheim suggest about deviance in even a society composed entirely of 'saints'?
How are social deviations and diversions described in terms of societal agreement and severity?
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What role does deviance play in teaching societal norms, according to Durkheim?
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What distinguishes mores from folkways?
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How does society discourage deviance according to the text?
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What defines crime according to the legalistic definition provided in the text?
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What is a defining feature of consensus crimes?
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According to Hagan's classification, what is a characteristic of conflict crimes?
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What is the primary purpose of social control according to the text?
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Study Notes
Deviance in Society
- Deviance serves a crucial function by reinforcing societal norms and values; it helps clarify acceptable behavior.
- Even in a society made up entirely of 'saints,' deviance would still occur, highlighting its inevitability and necessity for social cohesion.
Social Deviations vs. Diversions
- Social deviations are actions that significantly violate societal norms, while diversions are lesser violations that may receive varying degrees of societal approval.
- Deviations provoke a stronger societal reaction compared to diversions, which may be more tolerated or even accepted in some contexts.
Norms and Deviance
- Deviance educates society about acceptable conduct and the consequences of violating norms, acting as a tool for socialization.
- Regular encounters with deviance help individuals learn and internalize societal values.
Mores vs. Folkways
- Mores are strong societal norms with significant moral significance, whereas folkways are lighter customs and everyday behaviors that govern routine interactions.
Discouragement of Deviance
- Society discourages deviance through various means, including formal sanctions (laws and punishments) and informal social controls (peer pressure and public opinion).
Legalistic Definition of Crime
- Crime is defined legally as actions that violate laws established by the state, resulting in formal penalties.
Consensus Crimes
- Consensus crimes are acts widely agreed upon as wrong by the majority of society; they provoke strong social condemnation and punishment.
Conflict Crimes
- According to Hagan's classification, conflict crimes arise from societal disagreements about morality or values, often reflecting economic or political struggles.
Purpose of Social Control
- The primary purpose of social control is to maintain order and conformity within society, ensuring individuals adhere to established norms and rules.
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Description
Learn about deviant behaviour, social norms, and social control in society. Explore how norms vary from minor rules to serious rules, and the different ways societies encourage conformity and discourage deviance.
