Deviant Behaviour and Social Control

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Questions and Answers

According to Durkheim, what is the main function of deviance in society?

  • To encourage more people to engage in deviant behaviors
  • To punish individuals who break the norms
  • To reinforce societal rules and norms (correct)
  • To create chaos and disorder within society

In the context of social deviations and diversions, what differentiates diversions from deviations?

  • The number of people involved in the behavior
  • The severity of societal reaction (correct)
  • The level of harm caused by the behavior
  • The intent behind the behavior

What did Durkheim suggest about deviance in even a society composed entirely of 'saints'?

  • Deviance would still exist due to human nature (correct)
  • Deviance would be harshly punished in such a society
  • Deviance would only be present in non-religious societies
  • Deviance would completely disappear

How are social deviations and diversions described in terms of societal agreement and severity?

<p>Diversions have less agreement and are less severe than deviations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does deviance play in teaching societal norms, according to Durkheim?

<p>Deviance helps define what is considered normal in society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes mores from folkways?

<p>Mores are moral norms, while folkways are customary norms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does society discourage deviance according to the text?

<p>By using systematic practices to encourage conformity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines crime according to the legalistic definition provided in the text?

<p>An intentional act in violation of the criminal law without defense. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of consensus crimes?

<p>There is a great deal of agreement on their wrongfulness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Hagan's classification, what is a characteristic of conflict crimes?

<p>There is no consensus on whether they are really criminal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of social control according to the text?

<p>To encourage conformity and discourage deviance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Deviance in Society

  • Deviance serves a crucial function by reinforcing societal norms and values; it helps clarify acceptable behavior.
  • Even in a society made up entirely of 'saints,' deviance would still occur, highlighting its inevitability and necessity for social cohesion.

Social Deviations vs. Diversions

  • Social deviations are actions that significantly violate societal norms, while diversions are lesser violations that may receive varying degrees of societal approval.
  • Deviations provoke a stronger societal reaction compared to diversions, which may be more tolerated or even accepted in some contexts.

Norms and Deviance

  • Deviance educates society about acceptable conduct and the consequences of violating norms, acting as a tool for socialization.
  • Regular encounters with deviance help individuals learn and internalize societal values.

Mores vs. Folkways

  • Mores are strong societal norms with significant moral significance, whereas folkways are lighter customs and everyday behaviors that govern routine interactions.

Discouragement of Deviance

  • Society discourages deviance through various means, including formal sanctions (laws and punishments) and informal social controls (peer pressure and public opinion).

Legalistic Definition of Crime

  • Crime is defined legally as actions that violate laws established by the state, resulting in formal penalties.

Consensus Crimes

  • Consensus crimes are acts widely agreed upon as wrong by the majority of society; they provoke strong social condemnation and punishment.

Conflict Crimes

  • According to Hagan's classification, conflict crimes arise from societal disagreements about morality or values, often reflecting economic or political struggles.

Purpose of Social Control

  • The primary purpose of social control is to maintain order and conformity within society, ensuring individuals adhere to established norms and rules.

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