Deviance and Social Norms Quiz

<p>It helps us understand how social norms are created and enforced. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They promote conformity and predictability, reducing social chaos. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative reactions, sanctions, or even legal punishment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The intention and consequences associated with the actions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social norms define what is considered deviant in a particular society. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hidden behaviors, like cheating, are often statistically rare. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harm is not always a determinant of deviance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rare behaviors are always considered deviant because they are unusual. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speeding is considered unacceptable by the law, even though a significant number of people partake in it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conflict crimes are debated on whether they should be illegal, while consensus crimes are generally agreed upon. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because labels are subjective and can vary across different cultures and time periods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person speaking loudly in a library is considered rude, while at a sporting event, it is expected. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is learned through socialization, and what is considered deviant can change over time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The legal system reflects a consensus on moral values and enforces social norms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Powerful people have more influence in defining what is considered deviant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is defined differently across cultures and societies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance can be situational and influenced by extreme circumstances. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behaviours that are classified as abnormal by society. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance involves breaking norms, while conformity involves adhering to them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A doctor refusing to treat a patient because of their religion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Who defines the social norms and enforces them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is defined by the dominant moral codes of a society at a particular time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Power influences the creation and enforcement of dominant moral codes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moral entrepreneurs play a significant role in constructing and enforcing definitions of deviance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sociocultural (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The prevalence of a behavior in society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are fluid and subject to change over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Those with less power can challenge dominant moral codes and push for change. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The prevalence of a behavior in society (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It assumes that deviance is always inherently bad, ignoring nuances of social context. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saying &quot;thank you&quot; after someone holds a door open for you. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Norms are generally accepted behaviors, while social roles are specific expectations for individuals in particular positions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights the importance of understanding both the inherent qualities of deviance and the social context in which it is defined. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can perpetuate inequality and discrimination against individuals who may not actually be deviant. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social norms are fluid and can vary across different times, places, and social groups. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The objectivist approach views deviance as inherent and unchanging, while the subjectivist approach acknowledges its social and cultural relativity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social norms are always explicitly stated and codified in law. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It sheds light on the impact of social control mechanisms and the consequences for individuals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exploring the social and environmental factors that contribute to deviant behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The development of social norms and values over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How do societal power structures influence the definition of deviance? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviant behavior can be interpreted differently depending on social context and norms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prove that criminals are inherently different from non-criminals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their physical characteristics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A positivist approach. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The idea that criminals are born with a predisposition to crime. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observing social class. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The physical signs of atavism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Having a large jawline. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provided a scientific basis for studying criminal behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lombroso focused on biological factors, while the positivist school considered social factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anomie (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social Integration and Moral Regulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance weakens social solidarity by challenging existing norms and values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is a necessary component of social change, as it challenges existing norms and promotes new ideas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suicide is a result of a breakdown in social norms and a loss of meaning in life. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By linking them to the actions of evil spirits and magic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is a natural part of any society and can serve both positive and negative functions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innate biological predispositions towards deviant behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased crime, deviance, and social unrest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From a purely social explanation to a more nuanced understanding that incorporates both social and psychological factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People were more likely to blame their misfortunes on evil spirits as they lacked scientific tools to explain them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suicide is a consequence of individual failure to cope with societal pressures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It justified punishing individuals for their actions as they were believed to have made a conscious choice. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggested that external forces, like the devil, could influence individuals to engage in deviant behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A progression from supernatural explanations to social and psychological perspectives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social constructionism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are more likely to engage in criminal or deviant behaviors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Criminal behavior provides more immediate gratification than non-criminal behavior. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The parenting and upbringing an individual receives early in life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low self-control is a prerequisite for engaging in deviant behavior. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strong moral compass and a sense of social responsibility. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A general theory that aims to explain all instances of crime and deviance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-control theory is a more general theory that aims to explain all crime and deviance, while social bonds theory focuses on specific types of crime. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The origin of self-control influences an individual's moral development and values. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The reproduction of societal inequalities in classrooms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creating a subculture that defies middle-class ideals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interactions with others and communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Denying the harm caused by the behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavior is learned through observations and experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expectations that align with middle-class values and behaviors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Condemnation of the condemners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Definitions, differential association, imitation, and reinforcement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immediate gratification and toughness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>External factors contributed to the behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heightened likelihood of engaging in deviant behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delayed gratification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Layer of toughness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is learned through social interactions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary deviance is a small act of rule-breaking, while secondary deviance leads to a deviant lifestyle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tertiary deviants conform to the expectations associated with the label. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A status that overrides other statuses in social interactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They challenge the label and try to reclaim their self-worth and social status. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A young adult who is arrested for shoplifting and then struggles to find employment due to their criminal record. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stigmatization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Labels can lead to a person acting in ways that are consistent with the label. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dominant characteristic that defines a person in the eyes of others. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased self-esteem and confidence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Front stage selves and back stage selves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling how others perceive us. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An identity that is considered undesirable due to negative labels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Denial (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can create a cycle of deviant behavior due to the label's stigma. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Powerful people can influence what behaviors are considered deviant. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biological predispositions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The front stage self is a more polished and controlled version of ourselves, while the back stage self is more authentic and relaxed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are tools for managing impressions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conflict theories (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early theories focused on objective behavior, ignoring social interpretations, while interactionist theories viewed deviance as socially constructed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are fluid and can change over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The internalized social expectations and roles we take on. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Offences are created through the actions of powerful individuals who define what is deviant. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is a product of societal definitions and interpretations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interpretive theories emphasize the role of social interaction and meaning-making in understanding deviance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mead's work provides a framework for understanding the social construction of deviance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is a fixed and rigid category universally understood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is created through social interaction and the definitions and interpretations held by society. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By trying to convince others to change their opinions about them. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We primarily form our self-concept through social interactions and the messages we receive from others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual's ability to act and assert themselves can be compromised. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'me' is a dynamic and evolving aspect of the self, shaped by various social interactions and the messages we receive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ignoring the messages and focusing on one's own self-perception. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The content connects the 'me' to the idea that our understanding of deviance is shaped by the messages we receive from others and the social context. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social interactions have a significant impact on our self-concept, ultimately determining our actions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person who consistently receives positive feedback from others will develop a strong sense of self-esteem. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding how social groups define and label certain acts as deviant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It transforms the individual from a person who engaged in a specific act to a person perceived as fundamentally evil. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Looking glass self (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant others represent specific individuals, while generalized others represent a broader societal expectation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their personal experiences and interactions with social groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased conformity to social norms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anyone who has been successfully labeled as deviant by others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights the role of power and social influence in shaping our understanding of deviance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It does not explain why certain behaviors are initially considered deviant in the first place. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A student with a history of skipping class is labeled as a &quot;troublemaker&quot; and begins to see themselves as such. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Casual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examining the role of social institutions in maintaining the status quo. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The belief that deviance is primarily a product of individual psychological factors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instrumental Marxism believes the state directly serves the ruling class, while Structural Marxism sees it as protecting the system of capitalism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dominance of a specific worldview that influences how society understands itself and its values. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Power determines which knowledge is considered valid and authoritative. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the powerful use their influence to shape moral codes that serve their interests. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is a result of clashes between different cultural groups with varying values and norms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enforce social control and maintain the existing social order. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals unknowingly accept the dominant worldview as rational and fair. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is primarily linked to individual psychological factors and personality traits. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instrumental Marxism sees the state as directly serving the interests of the ruling class, while structural Marxism views it as protecting the system of capitalism. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The power structure in society is not solely determined by economic factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person, behavior, or characteristic seen as violating social norms.

Unwritten rules governing acceptable behavior within a society.

Behavior that aligns with social norms due to agreement or fear of sanctions.

Deviance depends on context, location, and specific people involved.

Who defines societal norms and enforces them.

Behavior that violates situational expectations or social norms.

Intentional behaviors that exceed norms in honorable ways.

Actions performed with a specific purpose or goal, often deviating from norms.

Social norms shape interactions and influence behaviors in society.

Norm violations trigger reactions or sanctions from others.

Adhering to social norms to maintain order and avoid chaos.

Social norms can evolve and change over time.

Actions like those of Olympic athletes who exceed societal expectations.

Norms that define what behaviors are not acceptable in a society.

Norms that outline behaviors that are expected or acceptable in society.

Expected behaviors associated with specific positions or statuses in society.

View that deviance is inherent in traits of individuals or behaviors.

Deviance varies significantly based on time, place, and social groups.

Deviant labels carry negative moral judgments about individuals.

Deviance labels can be applied inconsistently and on weak justifications.

Norms can differ by location, time, gender, and ethnicity.

Focuses on how behaviors are perceived as deviant based on moral codes.

Rules established by those in power that define deviance in a society.

A deviant behavior is defined by its infrequency or uncommon occurrence.

Defining deviation by rarity is subjective; context affects perception of rarity.

Deviance may also be measured by the harm it causes to individuals or society.

Behaviors may be widespread but concealed, complicating their classification as deviant.

Harm can manifest physically or emotionally, influencing societal views on deviance.

Norms enshrined in the legal system necessary for societal functioning.

Crimes widely agreed upon as wrong and harmful requiring severe punishment.

Illegal acts with significant disagreement about their morality and legal status.

The process through which individuals learn societal norms and what is considered deviant.

The concept that labels of deviance are socially constructed rather than natural traits.

Powerful groups determine what is considered deviant behavior.

Deviance is understood through specific situations and circumstances.

Factors influencing why individuals engage in deviant behavior.

The societal reaction to norm violations and its real-life consequences.

Impact on individuals, including criminalization or ostracization.

Theories that aim to explain the causes of deviant behavior.

Deviance can lead to significant societal issues, including violence.

The shift from blaming evil spirits to biological and social explanations for deviance.

Deviance was often attributed to evil spirits and religious superstition before the 18th century.

Beliefs that evil spirits tempt humans leading to sinful behaviors, emphasizing free will.

Understanding deviance through human biology and genetic makeup.

The perspective that social interactions and environments shape deviant behavior.

Factors related to human thought processes and mental state that contribute to deviant behavior.

Early theories were based on superstition and religious beliefs rather than scientific analysis.

Historical belief that any abnormal behavior stemmed from evil spirits influencing individuals.

A state of normlessness leading to deviance due to lack of societal guidance.

The bonds and shared values that unite members of a society, essential for functioning norms.

Deviance tests societal boundaries and can reduce tensions through an outlet for response.

Suicide rates vary with social bonds, influenced by integration and moral regulation.

Suicide resulting from moral confusion and lack of direction in a chaotic society.

The degree to which individuals are connected and integrated into their community.

Control provided by societal norms that guide acceptable behavior within community interactions.

Rapid social changes can disrupt norms, leading to an increased risk of anomie.

The practice of critically questioning beliefs until proven true.

Confirming ideas through observation and experiment rather than theory alone.

Understanding phenomena based on reason and scientific observation.

Italian criminologist who studied physical attributes linked to criminal behavior.

Lombroso found a link between tattoos and rule-breaking behavior in soldiers.

Lombroso measured skull sizes to identify potential criminals.

The concept that criminals are evolutionary throwbacks to less evolved ancestors.

Physical traits indicating atavism and potential criminality.

Applying Darwin's theory to suggest criminals are less evolved.

Different offenders exhibit unique atavistic traits as bodily 'stigmata'.

A theory explaining crime and deviance through individual self-control levels.

Predisposition towards deviance due to impulsivity or risk-seeking behavior.

Quality of parenting affects the development of self-control in children.

Self-control traits generally remain stable throughout a person's life.

Deviant behavior often provides immediate gratification of desires.

Deviant actions offer easier and simpler ways to satisfy desires.

Certain personality traits predispose individuals to engage in deviant behavior.

Inconclusive research on how job commitments affect deviance levels.

Explains how school inequalities reproduce societal structures and affect student behavior.

Standards set by schools that align with middle-class values, affecting poor students negatively.

The ability to wait for a reward instead of opting for an immediate reward.

Standards developed by those unable to meet societal expectations, leading to deviance.

A group that develops values and behaviors that oppose mainstream ideals, often for immediate rewards.

Theory that deviance is learned through interaction with others, not inherited.

Techniques people use to rationalize deviant behavior, easing guilt.

A technique in neutralization claiming the individual had no control over their actions.

Minimizing harm caused by a deviant act to justify it.

Theory that behavior is learned through observation, imitation, and the rewards associated with actions.

The idea that the likelihood of behaving depends on the rewards or punishments received.

Primary learning is direct influence from peers, while secondary learning is indirect influence from societal norms.

Methods used to justify deviant actions, allowing individuals to feel better about their behavior.

Beliefs that create a favorable attitude toward deviant behavior, making it acceptable.

Copying behaviors observed in others, especially those rewarded for their actions.

The 'me' is influenced by how others perceive us, while the 'I' is the active self that reacts to this influence.

Acknowledging how others assess us and accepting their perspectives without dispute.

Attempting to shift how others view us by presenting a different image or behavior.

Questioning the accuracy of others' perceptions about us to assert our true self.

The way we see ourselves and act is deeply influenced by feedback from others.

Our identities are formed through interactions and the messages we receive from others.

The process of presenting ourselves in a way that we want others to perceive us.

Understanding ourselves is greatly affected by social interactions and the evaluations of others.

Theories emphasizing social interaction and meanings around deviance.

A theory focusing on how people create meaning through interactions.

Theories examining how labels affect individuals and groups labeled as deviant.

The process by which individuals adopt a deviant identity through roles.

Theories analyzing social conflicts and power relations influencing deviance.

The idea that deviance is created by societal context and culture.

Concepts describing the active self ('I') and the responsive self ('Me').

Challenges the notion that deviance is inherently wrong or fixed.

The role of cultural or social practices in defining deviance.

The idea that what is considered deviant changes over time and context.

Initial acts of rule breaking that go unnoticed.

A deviant lifestyle that forms after being labeled as deviant.

Individuals who reject their deviant labels and embrace them instead.

A core characteristic that defines how others see a person.

Methods to rationalize or justify deviant behavior.

The perception of how we think others see us, influencing our self-identity.

Individuals whose opinions significantly impact our behaviors and self-identity.

The societal views and expectations that influence our self-perception.

The concept that deviance is defined by societal labels applied to behaviors.

The process where a single act of deviance leads to a perception of an individual as entirely evil.

Effects of being labeled as deviant, impacting behavior and self-identity.

The transformation of how individuals view themselves after being labeled deviant.

Once labeled, individuals may adopt the negative judgment into their overall identity.

Punishments or social repercussions for violating social norms.

How society and interactions shape behaviors, identities, and perceptions.

Events influencing a person's path toward or away from deviance.

Law reflects the interests of the ruling capitalist class, promoting inequality.

Laws serve the system of capitalism, not individuals, to maintain order.

Instrumental focuses on ruling class advantages; structural emphasizes systemic protection.

Different discourses exist, shaping knowledge and truth influenced by power.

Belief in a rational worldview that benefits the powerful, blinding the powerless.

Conflicts arise when diverse cultural norms clash within society.

Society’s structure is influenced by various conflicting groups beyond economics.

Conflict between bourgeoisie and proletariat defining social relations and deviance.

Powerful groups shape dominant morals defining crime and deviance.

Efforts toward equity and justice for powerless groups in society.

Change requires direct action against established power structures.

The process of labeling someone as deviant, often leading to their exclusion from social groups.

The true self we reveal in private settings, away from public scrutiny.

A person's identity permanently affected by stigma, causing them to be viewed as deviant regardless of behavior.

The efforts individuals make to control how others perceive them.

Methods used to communicate identity and social status to others through behavior and appearance.

The persona individuals present in public settings, often influenced by audience expectations.

When stigmatized individuals engage in more deviance as a response to their label.

The environment and circumstances influencing how behaviors are perceived as deviant.

A response to stigma where individuals withdraw from uncomfortable situations due to their deviant label.

A perspective suggesting life is like a stage where people perform different roles depending on the audience.

Exclusion from social groups due to stigmatization or labeling as deviant.

The theory that suggests how the act of labeling affects individuals' self-identity and behavior.