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Questions and Answers
What is one characteristic of the critical period for learning mentioned in the text?
Which period is emphasized as crucial for children's language development?
Which principle of human growth and development states that development continues throughout life, even after maturity?
What does the principle of human growth and development 'Development is Gradual' imply?
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What does the text suggest about the relationship between physical and mental development?
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Why is the first three months of pregnancy considered important for prenatal development?
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What does the concept of 'Development is Sequential' imply according to the text?
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Which age range is associated with the oral period according to the text?
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What could hinder an individual's learning according to the text?
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What implication does the text suggest about growth and maturation?
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Study Notes
Developmental Psychology
- Developmental psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on how people grow and change over the course of a lifetime.
- It investigates the clinical, cognitive, perceptual, sensory, social, moral, practical, educational, biological, genetic, and neural aspects of human development.
Importance of Developmental Psychology for Teachers
- Teachers must know development processes and principles, the development period of the student, and the characteristics of this period.
- They should also understand the different and similar aspects of the student's development compared to other students.
Development
- Development is the progressive acquisition of various skills (abilities) such as head support, speaking, learning, expressing feelings, and relating with other people.
- It involves qualitative and quantitative changes observed in the individual as a result of growth, maturation, and learning.
- Development is a one-way and forward-looking process.
Principles of Development
- Rate of Development Varies Person to Person: Rate of development is not uniform, and individuals differ in the rate of growth and development.
- Development Proceeds from General to Specific: Development proceeds from general to specific, and general activity always precedes specific activity.
- Most Traits are Correlated in Development: Generally, it is seen that the child whose mental development is above average is also superior in other aspects like health, sociability, and special aptitudes.
- Growth and Development is a Product of Both Heredity and Environment: Development is influenced by both heredity and environment.
- Development is Predictable: The difference in physiological and psychological potentialities can be predicted by observation and psychological tests.
- Individuals Learn Best When They Are Ready: Individuals learn best when they are physically, mentally, and emotionally ready to learn.
Periods of Development
- Period: It is the time period in which development shows similar characteristics.
- Critical Period: It is the easiest period to learn certain behaviors, and some behaviors and skills should be developed in these time periods.
Principles of Human Growth and Development
- Development is Continuous: The process of growth and development continues from conception till the individual reaches maturity.
- Development is Gradual: It does not come all on a sudden, and is also cumulative in nature.
- Development is Sequential: Most psychologists agree that development is sequential or orderly, and every species follows a pattern of development peculiar to it.
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Description
Explore the branch of psychology that focuses on how individuals grow and change over their lifespan. Learn about the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive aspects of development.
