Developmental Psychology: Childhood and Youth
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Questions and Answers

What significant event did Millennials experience as teenagers?

  • The fall of the Berlin Wall
  • The invention and spread of the internet (correct)
  • The civil rights movement
  • The rise of AIDS

Generation Z is the first generation born into the digital age.

True (A)

What years define Generation X?

1965–1980

Match the generation with its corresponding key event or characteristic:

<p>Silent Generation = Too young for WWII, too old for hippie movement Baby Boomers = Economic upswing and postwar baby boom Generation X = Rise of AIDS and fall of the Berlin Wall Millennials = Invention and spread of the internet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept likely underlies a politician's commitment to early childhood education?

<p>Nurture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discontinuous development occurs in smooth, gradual processes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the nature-nurture debate?

<p>The influence of genetics versus the influence of the environment on development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A politician who believes in the importance of formative early experiences is advocating for ______.

<p>nurture</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Nature = Genetic inheritance influencing traits Nurture = Environmental influences on development Discontinuous development = Development that occurs in distinct stages Prenatal development = Development that occurs before birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the course Developmental Psychology: Childhood and Youth?

<p>Exploring developmental changes from birth through adolescence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes discontinuous development?

<p>Proceeds in stages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nurture refers exclusively to genetic factors.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The course schedule includes topics on prenatal development and the significance of genetics.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age is Luci, who is mentioned in the scenario?

<p>eight years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define prenatal development.

<p>Development that occurs from conception to birth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lecture on _____ occurs during Week 4 of the course schedule.

<p>genetics and prenatal development</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the weeks with their corresponding topics:

<p>Week 1 = Developmental psychology 1.0 Week 3 = Classical Theories (2) Week 5 = Birth and Newborn Week 9 = Social and Emotional Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is scheduled for Week 12?

<p>Hands-on research work and group discussions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Luci is currently in second grade.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Dr. Costanza De Simone's role?

<p>Instructor or lecturer for the course</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain of development focuses on changes in a child's body and motor skills?

<p>Physical development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cognitive development includes the ability to form relationships with others.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age range is categorized as 'Early Childhood'?

<p>6-12 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

Children's growing skills in regulating their ______ is part of their social and emotional development.

<p>emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following developmental periods with their age ranges:

<p>Infancy and Toddlerhood = 0-3 years Early Childhood = 3-5 years Middle Childhood = 6-12 years Adolescence = 12-18 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major factor can affect a child's cognitive development?

<p>Watching TV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nutrition plays a role in children’s physical development.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of social and emotional development in children?

<p>Relationships with others and emotional regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cognitive development primarily involves changes in children's thinking and ______ abilities.

<p>language</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which period of development is considered to cover the time from conception to birth?

<p>Beginnings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age can a child typically start to sit without support?

<p>6 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All children develop at the same rate, reaching milestones at the same time.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one sign of delay for a 2-month-old infant regarding cognitive skills?

<p>Does not watch moving objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

At 1.5 years, children can demonstrate __________ play, like comforting a doll.

<p>simple pretend</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the ages with their appropriate milestones:

<p>2 months = Can recognize people 6 months = Rolls over from back to stomach 1 year = Walks holding onto furniture 2 years = Speaks sentences of 2-4 words</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a language milestone for a 9-month-old child?

<p>Imitates sounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 4-month-old child should have different cries for different needs.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to help a 1-year-old child develop social and emotional skills?

<p>Give infant time to get used to new caregivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Children at 4 months can __________ facial expressions like smile and frown.

<p>imitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the typical signs of delay with the corresponding age:

<p>2 years = Does not follow simple instructions 1 year = Does not search for hidden objects 6 months = Does not react to sounds 4 months = Does not make sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

By what age should a child typically be able to imitate gestures and bang things together?

<p>1 year (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Physical milestones include crawling and pulling up to stand.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cognitive milestone for a child who is 2 years old?

<p>Can point to objects when asked</p> Signup and view all the answers

Children at 9 months frequently vocalize, saying sounds like __________.

<p>dadadada</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective way to help a 6-month-old develop cognitive skills?

<p>Play peekaboo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cognitive milestone for a 3-year-old child?

<p>Can solve puzzles with 4 pieces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 4-year-old child can usually follow 2-step instructions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to help a 3-year-old child develop their physical skills?

<p>Provide blocks and art materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 4-year-old can engage in __________ play.

<p>pretend</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following milestones with the correct age:

<p>Can draw straight lines and circles = 3 years Can say first and last name = 4 years Can walk up and down stairs with help = 3 years Can follow 3-part commands = 4 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity should be encouraged for a 4-year-old to support their social-emotional development?

<p>Encourage sharing and taking turns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A child who loses skills previously acquired may be showing signs of delay.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of possible language delay in a 3-year-old child?

<p>Very hard to understand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 4-year-old should be able to __________ on one foot for several seconds.

<p>hop</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following physical milestones with their corresponding actions for a 3-year-old:

<p>Can kick a ball = Physical milestone Can stand on tiptoes = Physical milestone Can dress/undress self = Not a milestone for 3 years Can walk steadily = Not a milestone for 3 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children usually begin to display a wide range of emotions?

<p>Age 4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Failing to name household members correctly at age 3 is considered a sign of delay.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one way to support a child's cognitive development at age 3.

<p>Read every day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 3-year-old child can indicate their __________ by naming it.

<p>age</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following signs of delay with possible causes:

<p>Does not make eye contact = Potential speech delay Cannot retell stories = Possible cognitive delay Does not engage in pretend play = Could indicate social delay Does not understand simple instructions = Language delay</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Developmental Psychology

The study of how people change and grow throughout their lives, from infancy to adulthood.

Classical Theories

Theories that explain the development of personality, cognition, and behavior from a specific perspective.

Prenatal Development

The process of growth and development that occurs before birth, spanning from conception to birth.

Genetics

The combination of genetic material inherited from both parents that contributes to a child's physical and mental characteristics.

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Birth

The transition from being inside the womb to life outside the womb, a significant milestone in human development.

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Newborn

The first few weeks of life after birth, a crucial period characterized by rapid physical and neurological growth.

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Infancy and Toddlerhood

The period of life from birth to two years, marked by substantial physical, cognitive, and social development.

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Early Childhood

The period of life from three to five years, characterized by further development in physical, cognitive, and social skills.

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Silent Generation

Born between 1928 and 1945, this generation was too young for World War II but too old for the hippie movement.

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Baby Boomers

Born between 1946 and 1964, this generation experienced the economic boom after World War II.

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Generation X

Born between 1965 and 1980, this generation experienced major events like the rise of AIDS and the fall of the Berlin Wall.

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Millennials

Born between 1981 and 1996, this generation experienced the invention and spread of the internet and the 9/11 attacks.

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Generation Z

Born between 1997 and 2012, this generation is the first to be born into the digital age.

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Nature-Nurture Debate

The ongoing debate about how much influence nature (genes and biology) and nurture (environment and experiences) have on development.

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Nature

The influence of biological factors on development, such as genes, brain structure, and hormones.

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Nurture

The influence of environmental factors on development, such as experiences, upbringing, culture, and social influences.

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Discontinuous Development

Development that happens in stages, with distinct periods of growth and change.

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Continuous Development

Development that happens gradually and smoothly, with continuous change.

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Child Development

The study of how children grow and change over time, including their physical, cognitive, social, and emotional developments.

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Physical Development

Changes in a child's body, including growth in height and weight, brain development, hormonal changes, motor skills, and influences from health, nutrition, and other factors.

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Cognitive Development

Changes in a child's thinking, problem-solving abilities, and language skills. It includes how they learn, remember, and understand the world around them.

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Social and Emotional Development

Changes in a child's relationships with others, their ability to regulate emotions, develop personality, and build friendships. It encompasses how family, friends, and culture impact their development.

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Periods of Development

Different stages of development based on age ranges that cover different aspects of growth and change. Examples include infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence.

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Beginnings

The period from conception to birth, marking the beginning of a child's life.

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Middle Childhood

The period between ages 6 and 12, marked by significant cognitive advancements, including reading, writing, and more complex problem-solving skills.

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Adolescence

The period between ages 12 and 18, characterized by rapid physical changes, puberty, and the development of more abstract thinking and identity.

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Language Development

A child's ability to understand and use words, sentences, and grammar.

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Following Instructions

The ability to follow simple instructions and complete tasks with two or three steps.

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Pretend Play

The ability to pretend and use imagination to create stories and play games.

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Understanding Basic Concepts

The ability to understand and use basic concepts like "same" and "different".

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Storytelling

The ability to remember and tell stories, even if they are short and simple.

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Dressing Self

The ability to independently dress and undress themselves.

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Stair Climbing

The ability to climb stairs one step at a time, with both feet on each step.

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Color Recognition

The ability to name colors correctly.

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Playing with Others

The ability to engage in social interactions with other children, taking turns and sharing toys.

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Conflict Resolution

The ability to control impulses and solve conflicts peacefully.

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Emotional Awareness

The ability to understand and respond to the emotions of others.

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Real vs. Pretend

The ability to recognize that some things are real and others are pretend.

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Developmental Milestones

Significant accomplishments in physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional skills that most children can do by a certain age.

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Pediatrician

A professional who provides medical care for infants and children.

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Cognitive

The ability to understand and think.

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Physical

The ability to control and coordinate movements.

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Socio-emotional

The ability to understand and manage emotions, and interact with others.

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Attends to faces

The act of paying attention to something.

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Recognizes people

The ability to recognize a person or object that has been seen before.

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Follows moving objects

The ability to follow moving objects with the eyes.

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Vocalizing

Making sounds with the voice.

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Imitates sounds

Repeating sounds or actions.

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Different cries for different needs

Using different cries to express different needs, such as hunger or pain.

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Reacts to sounds

Reacting to a sound by making a sound.

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Recognizes familiar faces and smiles

Recognizing familiar faces and showing happiness.

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Enjoys playing with others

Showing interest in and interacting with other people.

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Lifts head

Raising the head from a lying position.

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Study Notes

Developmental Psychology 1.0 Course Information

  • Course: Developmental Psychology: Childhood and youth
  • University: University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin
  • Instructor: Dr. Costanza De Simone
  • Date: October 16th 2024

About the Instructor and Research

  • The instructor has affiliations with the GS School of Education at the Technical University of Munich, the ISEARCH at the Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, and the Max Planck Institute for Human Development.
  • Research interests include questions about childhood development, such as "Where do babies come from?" and "How do I catch a fish?"

Course Schedule

  • The course schedule details weekly topics and activities.
  • Key themes include Developmental Psychology 1.0, Classical Theories, Beginnings, Genetics, Prenatal Development, Birth and Newborn, Infancy and Toddlerhood, Physical and Cognitive Development, Social and Emotional Development, Early Childhood, and Middle to Late Childhood.
  • This course also includes Lectures, Assignments, and Group Work

Child Development

  • Child development is a broad field studying topics over approximately two decades.
  • Key areas of focus are: physical, cognitive, and social/emotional development.

Domains of Development

  • Physical Development: Involves changes to the body, including growth in weight and height, brain growth, hormonal changes, nutrition, health issues, and motor skill development
  • Cognitive Development: Includes changes in thinking, problem-solving skills, and language abilities. Examples include learning new words and how TV might impact thought processes.
  • Social and Emotional Development: Focuses on growing and changing relationships with others, and the ability to connect. This includes family, friends, and cultural influences; regulating emotions; personality development; and how children make friends.

Periods of Development

  • Child development is broken down into stages by age: Beginnings (conception to birth), Infancy/Toddlerhood (0-3 years), Early Childhood (3-5 years), Middle Childhood (6-12 years), and Adolescence (12-18 years).

Contexts Influencing Development

  • Family: Families provide housing, food, healthcare, education, guidance, and emotional care. Contemporary family structures are more diverse than the "nuclear family" of the mid-20th century.
  • Culture and Race/Ethnicity: Culture encompasses the ideas, customs, and social behaviours of a society. It influences how people behave, interact, hold values, and raise children. Ethnic groups often coexist within a single culture. Ethnicity is typically based on ancestry. Income, education, life expectancy, family size, academic achievements, and parenting beliefs differ among ethnicities.
  • Socioeconomic Status: A combination of income, education, and occupation, representing social standing and financial means. Children in poverty often face premature birth, lower weight, higher risk of illnesses, mental health problems, poor school attendance, and dropping out of school.
  • Historical Context: Cohorts are groups of people born around the same time, sharing significant experiences. Key for researchers, as they represent ongoing trends in demographic patterns. Generations differ from each other, with varying opportunities and life experiences.
  • Digital Media: Children's use of media varies by age. The youngest rely on TV, while older children and teens prefer mobile devices and entertainment media.

Key Issues in Child Development

  • Nature vs. Nurture: Genes and environment interact bidirectionally to impact development. Epigenetics studies this interaction, where experiences influence gene expression and vice versa.
  • Continuous vs. Discontinuous Development: Continuous development is gradual, building upon previous stages. Discontinuous development occurs in distinct stages.
  • Early vs. Late Experiences: Western cultures often emphasize early childhood experiences as crucial; however, some cultures (e.g., Mongolian) emphasize later periods in development as vital to decision making. Overall, a combination of early and later experiences influences development and children are resilient.

Milestones

  • Developmental milestones track children's accomplishments in physical, cognitive, and social/emotional skills.
  • Pediatricians routinely assess children based on these milestones, but it's important to remember children develop at different rates.
  • Included are tables detailing milestones for different ages (2 months to 5 years).

Additional Topics

  • The nature-nurture debate, prenatal development
  • The role of discipline on development
  • The impact of being raised in a single-parent household or without siblings
  • Differences in child-rearing practices across cultures
  • The role of race in societal development
  • The impact of socioeconomic status on development.
  • The role of digital media in childhood development.
  • The affects of social media.

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Developmental Psychology 1.0 Lecture Notes PDF

Description

This quiz covers key concepts and events in developmental psychology, focusing on childhood and youth stages. It includes questions about generational characteristics, the nature-nurture debate, and significant milestones in development. Ideal for students looking to understand psychological theories and their implications on early experiences.

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