Developmental Objectives: Newborn & Infancy
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Questions and Answers

At what age does a newborn typically start to show characteristics of attachment types such as secure, avoidant, and ambivalent?

  • 10 to 12 months (correct)
  • 7 to 9 months
  • 1 to 3 months
  • 4 to 6 months

    • What type of grasp typically starts to develop in infants around 7 to 9 months of age?

  • Scissors grasp (correct)
  • Palmar grasp
  • Pincer grasp
  • Ulnar grasp

    • When do infants usually exhibit separation protest and become more emotional beings according to developmental milestones?

  • 10 to 12 months
  • 7 to 9 months (correct)
  • 4 to 6 months
  • 1 to 3 months

    • At what age do infants usually develop object permanence, making it more secure according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

    <p>10 to 12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fine motor skill typically emerges in infants around 10 to 12 months of age, indicating further refinement in their motor abilities?

    <p>Pincer grasp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cognitive-language milestone is usually achieved around 7 to 9 months of age in infants, as per Piaget's theory?

    <p>Babbling many sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can substance abuse, such as alcohol and drugs, lead to in infants?

    <p>Higher levels of mortality &amp; morbidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do premature infants differ from full-term infants?

    <p>They may experience issues like anticipatory grief in their parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does SGA stand for in the context of newborns?

    <p>Small for Gestational Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can HIV be transmitted from mother to infant?

    <p>Through placental circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue parents of premature infants may face according to the text?

    <p>Anticipatory grief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the action where a baby closes their hands around an object placed in their palms?

    <p>Grasping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neonatal reflex involves the baby throwing out their arms and opening them wide when startled?

    <p>Moro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the action where a baby's arm on one side extends while the other arm bends towards the body when one side of the neck is stroked?

    <p>Asymmetrical Tonic Neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex involves stroking the bottom of a baby's foot resulting in the toes curling open?

    <p>Babinski</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of newborn and infancy, what does entrainment refer to?

    <p>Social exchange between mother and infant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the action where a baby turns and starts sucking when their cheeks are stroked?

    <p>Rooting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of maternal substance abuse, such as alcohol and drugs, on infants?

    <p>Increased risk of mortality and morbidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does HIV transmission occur from mother to infant during pregnancy?

    <p>Through placental circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact can being born Small for Gestational Age (SGA) have on infants?

    <p>Increased risk of developmental delays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What social effect might parents of premature infants experience according to the text?

    <p>Anticipatory grief issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does substance abuse, like drugs and alcohol, potentially affect infant mortality rates?

    <p>Increase in infant mortality rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Around what age do infants typically exhibit separation protest and become more emotional beings according to developmental milestones?

    <p>7 to 9 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of risk in at-risk infants refers to biological factors that may impact their development?

    <p>Biologic risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do infants typically start to develop object permanence, making it more secure according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

    <p>10-12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cognitive-language milestone is typically achieved around 4 to 6 months of age in infants according to the provided text?

    <p>Bisyllabic sounds develop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fine motor skill typically emerges in infants around 10 to 12 months of age, indicating further refinement in their motor abilities?

    <p>Pincer grasp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gross motor milestone is usually achieved by infants around the age of 6 months, as described in the text?

    <p>Commando crawling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the fencing posture in infants?

    <p>It demonstrates a primitive reflex that disappears with age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the rooting reflex important for newborns?

    <p>It assists in establishing a feeding pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does synaptic pruning play in a newborn's cognitive-language development?

    <p>It refines neural connections based on environmental experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is entrainment considered crucial for mother-infant bonding?

    <p>It promotes synchronized social interactions between mother and infant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does neonatal reflexes contribute to newborns' early development?

    <p>They lay the foundation for future motor skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for OTs to understand the characteristics of premature at-risk newborns?

    <p>To provide specialized interventions for developmental delays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motor skill typically emerges in infants around 10 to 12 months of age, indicating further refinement in their abilities?

    <p>Pincer grasp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive-language milestone is usually achieved around 4 to 6 months of age in infants according to the provided text?

    <p>Bisyllabic sounds develop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common personal-social characteristic observed in infants around 7 to 9 months of age?

    <p>Stranger anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of infant development, what does the term 'separation protest' typically indicate?

    <p>Infant becoming an 'emotional being'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which oral motor skill usually emerges in infants around 7 to 9 months, indicating progression in feeding abilities?

    <p>Drinks from sippy cup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gross motor milestone is generally achieved by infants around 6 months of age as described in the text?

    <p>Pulling to stand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the reflex where a baby closes their hands around an object placed in their palms?

    <p>Grasping reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neonatal reflex involves stroking the bottom of a baby's foot resulting in the toes curling open?

    <p>Babinski reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the Moro reflex that babies exhibit when startled?

    <p>Throw arms out and open</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which permanent reflex involves the closing of eyes when exposed to bright light?

    <p>Papillary reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the action where a baby extends one arm while bending the other when one side of the neck is stroked?

    <p>Asymmetrical Tonic Neck reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neonatal reflex involves the baby turning and starting to suck when their cheeks are stroked?

    <p>Rooting reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of maternal substance abuse, such as alcohol and drugs, on infants related to their health?

    <p>Higher levels of mortality and morbidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does HIV exposure from mother to infant impact the infant's health?

    <p>Development of full-blown paediatric AIDS in the first 2 years of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological challenge do premature infants face due to their early birth?

    <p>Difficulty breathing due to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What social effect might parents of premature infants experience due to the circumstances surrounding their child's birth?

    <p>Anticipatory grief and efficacy issues as parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What environmental risk factor can contribute to negative outcomes in infants?

    <p>Teenage pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential outcome for infants born Small for Gestational Age (SGA) according to the text?

    <p>Elevated levels of mortality and morbidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can premature infants' parents be affected according to the text?

    <p>Increased risk of anticipatory grief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic physiological challenge do premature infants face due to their early birth?

    <p>Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What environmental risk factor is mentioned in the text that can impact infant outcomes?

    <p>Teenage pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does HIV exposure from mother to infant impact the infant's health as described in the text?

    <p>Elevates probability of developing full-blown paediatric AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What milestone in oral motor development typically emerges when infants are around 10 to 12 months old?

    <p>Drinking from a sippy cup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which temperament dimension is associated with infants who are slow to warm up?

    <p>Difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cognitive-language milestone is associated with infants exhibiting secondary circular reactions?

    <p>True words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gross motor milestone is typically achieved by infants around 7 to 9 months of age in terms of their body movements?

    <p>Pre-walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic associated with infants experiencing separation protest?

    <p>Stranger anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personal-social behavior indicates that an infant has become an 'emotional being' according to the provided text?

    <p>Characteristics of attachment types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding the developmental sequence important for Occupational Therapists (OTs) in the context of newborn and infancy?

    <p>To intervene at the right time in therapeutic situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 'fencing posture' reflex in infants?

    <p>It helps in assessing motor development asymmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the neonatal reflex called 'Stepping' in infants?

    <p>To prepare for crawling and walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the 'Moro' reflex important for newborns?

    <p>To protect babies from potential danger or falls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Entrainment' refer to in the context of mother-infant social exchange?

    <p>The synchronization of mother and infant behaviors during interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of engaging in a family-centred practice in the context of newborn and infancy?

    <p>To involve families in decision-making for their child's care</p> Signup and view all the answers

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