Developmental Milestones and Theories

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is considered a developmental milestone?

A skill that can vary widely among children

Any achievement reflecting growth

A skill acquired at any age

A skill acquired within a specific time frame (correct)

Which area of development includes the ability to learn and solve problems?

Speech and Language Development

Social and Emotional Development

Cognitive Development (correct)

Motor Skill Development

What aspect of development refers to a child's ability to use small muscles?

Fine Motor Skill Development (correct)

Speech and Language Development

Motor Skill Development

Social and Emotional Development

In which area of development would self-control fall?

Social and Emotional Development Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher's stages of development heavily influenced Kohlberg's theory?

Piaget Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT represent one of the five main areas of child development?

Emotional Intelligence Development Signup and view all the answers

Kohlberg's theory primarily studies which aspect of children's development?

Moral reasoning Signup and view all the answers

Motor skill development is primarily concerned with which type of muscles?

Large muscles in the arms and legs Signup and view all the answers

What factors contribute to a greater incidence of diet-related diseases in adult life?

Increased consumption of food and alcohol Signup and view all the answers

How can establishing healthy eating patterns early in life affect adult health?

It contributes to better health in adult years Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes a developmental task?

It is a responsibility arising at a specific age Signup and view all the answers

What role does the ordinal position of a child in the family play in development?

It influences growth and development Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of loss of a primary caregiver during childhood?

Decreased desire to eat Signup and view all the answers

Why is helping parents feel involved in their child's care important?

It contributes to the child's overall well-being Signup and view all the answers

Which theory provides a framework for explaining human development?

Developmental theory Signup and view all the answers

What can interrupt a child's desire to improve and advance in life?

Inadequate parental love Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for the Primary Circular Motion stage in Piaget's theory?

6 weeks to 4 months Signup and view all the answers

What behavior characterizes the Beginning intention of behavior in infants?

Bringing a thumb to mouth for a purpose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following concepts is NOT part of Piaget's theory?

Psychosexual Development Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of the Secondary Circular Motion stage?

Learning to manipulate objects Signup and view all the answers

What importance does Piaget attribute to the behavior of infants spending time looking at objects?

It assists in developing a value system. Signup and view all the answers

At what age range does infants' hand-mouth coordination predominantly develop?

2 to 4 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Piaget's cognitive development theory is accurate?

It outlines how children learn and think across four stages. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of development is emphasized during the Primary Circular Motion stage?

Basic motor skills and coordination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of an infant's sucking behavior as described in the content?

Relief of tension Signup and view all the answers

What phase did Freud describe during the toddler period?

Anal phase Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does Freud suggest children exhibit masturbation and interest in the genital area?

Preschool Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of Freud's latent phase?

Emergence of concrete thinking Signup and view all the answers

Which phase is associated with the establishment of new sexual aims according to Freud?

Genital phase Signup and view all the answers

What developmental task does Erikson associate with infants?

Trust vs. Mistrust Signup and view all the answers

What might hinder an infant's development of trust, according to Erikson?

Lack of nurturing care Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior that toddlers exhibit during the anal phase?

Engaging in defecation control Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a child's tendency to only consider their own perspective?

Egocentrism Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the concrete operational stage typically occur?

7 - 11 years Signup and view all the answers

Which ability is characteristic of children in the concrete operational stage?

Thinking logically about concrete events Signup and view all the answers

What does animism refer to in child development?

Ascribing lifelike qualities to inanimate objects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of static thinking in a child?

Frequent changes in topics during conversation Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental change typically occurs around ages 12 to 18 months?

Ability to experiment with objects Signup and view all the answers

What is a common limitation of children in the concrete operational stage regarding categorization?

They struggle with understanding abstract abstractions. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of child development is indicated by experiencing separation anxiety?

Development of egocentrism Signup and view all the answers

What is a key practice to support a child's emotional needs?

Focusing on the child's needs and interests Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase represents positive guidance when addressing a child's behavior?

Remember to pick up your toys Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to communicate with a child's parents about rules?

To understand existing guidance and consistency Signup and view all the answers

What should an educator do first when a child misbehaves?

Determine the cause of the misbehavior Signup and view all the answers

How can maintaining family routines benefit infants?

It creates a more understandable world Signup and view all the answers

What can be a common cause of misbehavior in children?

Being upset or frustrated Signup and view all the answers

What is a good strategy when responding to a child's upset feelings?

Remaining calm and composed Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT considered an effective rule for guiding children?

Never express your feelings Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Week 13: Growth and Development

Introduction to Growth and Development
- Abraham Jacobi, known as the Father of Pediatrics, was awarded the first pediatric professorship in the US.
- He promoted the establishment of pediatric departments in hospitals in New York City.
- He also established the first milk distribution center in 1889, which provided pasteurized milk.
Principles of Growth and Development
- Growth: Quantitative change in physical size (e.g., weight in pounds/kilograms, height in inches/centimeters). It's an increase in the number and size of cells.
- Development: Qualitative change in skills or ability to function. (measured by observing a child's abilities, parental descriptions, or standardized tests like the Denver II). Maturation is synonymous with development.
- Psychosexual development (Freud): focused on sensual pleasure instincts.
- Psychosocial development (Erikson): stages of personality development.
- Moral development (Kohlberg): ability to distinguish right from wrong and apply it to life.
- Cognitive development (Piaget): learning, understanding, knowledge, response to new situations, and problem-solving (measured by intelligence tests, observing the child).
Factors Influencing Growth and Development
- Genetic inheritance: influences a child's growth and development pattern.
- Environmental influences: family's resources, which affect the child.
- Temperament: typical way a child reacts to situations (influenced by genetics).
Growth and Development Processes
- Growth and development proceed in an organized sequence.
- Different children progress through developmental stages at varying rates.
- All body systems do not develop at the same rate.
- Development follows a cephalocaudal pattern (head to tail), and proceeds from proximal to distal body parts.

Theories of Development

Developmental theories explain human growth.
Developmental tasks are skills or responsibilities that arise at specific times of life to achieve future success.

Stage of Childhood

Neonate: First 28 days of life
Infant: 1 month – 1 year
Toddler: 1-3 years
Preschooler: 3-5 years
School-age child: 6-12 years
Adolescent: 13-21 years

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

Freud asserted that adult behavior arises from instinctual drives (primarily sexual drives or libido) and conflicts between instincts (the id), reality (the ego), and society (the superego).
Child development has psychosexual stages, where sexual gratification centers on distinct body parts.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz explores key concepts in child development, focusing on developmental milestones, areas of growth, and influential theories such as Kohlberg's. It also examines the impact of early healthy eating patterns and the consequences of familial factors on a child's development. Test your knowledge on these essential topics in developmental psychology.