30 Questions
What is the primary concern regarding Jorge's academic performance?
He is performing well below average and having difficulty concentrating.
Which developmental concept relates to Jorge's academic struggles?
Adaptational failure
What action have Jorge's parents been advised to take by the school?
Seek educational therapy for Jorge.
In what area does Jorge need improvement according to the school letter?
Reading
How would you describe Jorge based on the information provided?
Introverted and reserved
Which of the following best describes the impact of Jorge's academic struggles on his social interactions?
Causing withdrawal and nervousness
What is epigenetics?
The study of how behaviors and environment can influence gene expression
Why is it important to consider multiple causes in understanding disorders?
To understand the complexity of disorders
According to developmental psychopathology perspective, what does continuity refer to?
Developmental changes that are gradual and quantitative
What is the transactional view in the context of children and environments?
Children and environments are interdependent
What is meant by developmental cascades?
The idea that past interactions can impact other systems and development
Why is an integrative approach necessary in understanding behaviors and disorders?
Because no single theoretical orientation can explain everything
What does the term 'neural plasticity' refer to in the context of brain development?
The brain's anatomical differentiation influenced by both genetics and environmental factors
Why are models considering more than one primary cause still limited?
Because of the boundaries imposed by their discipline or orientation
During which developmental period do areas governing basic sensory and motor skills mature?
The first 3 years of life
What is the key suggestion for studying atypical child behavior effectively?
Adopting a multi-theoretical perspective
What is a critical role of experience in brain development?
Forming synapses and axonal connections
Which brain areas are not rewired until 5 to 7 years old?
Prefrontal cortex and cerebellum
What do sensitive periods refer to in the context of child psychopathology?
Windows of time where environmental influences on development are amplified
How does the organization of development perspective differ from the adaptational failure perspective?
The former emphasizes early patterns evolving over time, while the latter focuses on unsuccessful progress in milestones
What contributes to reducing the risk of complications and lifelong disabilities in brain development?
Proper prenatal care and nutrition
What is considered to be the underlying cause of psychological disorders in the neurobiological perspective?
The brain
When do genetic influences on brain development manifest according to the text?
May be expressed early in development or show up years later
Which perspectives on child development are highlighted in the text?
Biological, psychological, and familial/social/cultural perspectives
Which neurotransmitter is involved in reducing arousal and moderating emotional responses like anger and aggression?
Benzodiazepine
Which neurotransmitter may act as a switch to turn on various brain circuits, allowing other neurotransmitters to inhibit or facilitate emotions or behavior?
Dopamine
Which neurotransmitter plays a role in emotional and behavioral regulation, without being directly involved in specific disorders?
Norepinephrine
In which disorder is dopamine implicated?
Schizophrenia
Which neurotransmitter modulates children's tendency to explore their surroundings and plays a role in information and motor coordination?
Serotonin
Which neurotransmitter is mainly responsible for facilitating or controlling emergency reactions and alarm responses?
Norepinephrine
Test your knowledge on developmental considerations and adaptational failure from a multi-theoretical perspective. Explore the organization of development and how early patterns of adaptation transform over time.
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