Development of the Respiratory System Quiz

Lung Development

• The endoderm layer of the gut tube forms the inner layer of the lung bud.
• The outer layer of the lung bud is composed of splanchnic mesoderm.
• The lung bud develops into the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.
• The ventral extension of the gut tube that forms the lung bud is called the respiratory diverticulum.
• The main component of the lung bud is the endoderm.

Respiratory Development

• The viability of a pre-term fetus is determined by the development of the respiratory system.
• A tracheoesophageal fistula is associated with esophageal atresia.
• The condition where the diaphragm is weak and elevated is called diaphragmatic eventration.

Laryngeal Development

• The epithelium and glands of the larynx develop from the endoderm layer.
• The muscles and cartilages of the larynx develop from the fourth and sixth pharyngeal arches.

Developmental Connections

• During development, the only communication between the pharynx and the lower respiratory passages is the pharyngotracheal tube.
• The trachea maintains patency with the gut.

Tracheal Development

• The trachea forms from the endoderm layer.
• The tracheal portion of the airways is separated from the esophageal portion of the gut by the tracheoesophageal septum.

Bronchial Development

• The muscles and connective tissues of the bronchi develop from the somatic layer.

Diaphragmatic Development

• The diaphragm forms from the septum transversum, the pleuroperitoneal folds, and the dorsal mesentery of the esophagus.
• The major source of tissue for the formation of the diaphragm is the septum transversum.
• The lateral plate mesoderm is not a source of tissue for the formation of the diaphragm.
• The septum transversum is considered the most important source of tissue for the formation of the diaphragm.

Pleural Membranes

• The membranes that surround the lungs are called the pleural membranes.