Development of the Heart Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are the main two types of VSDs mentioned in the text?

  • Atrial VSDs and ventricular VSDs
  • Perimembranous VSDs and ventricular VSDs
  • Atrial septal defects and muscular VSDs
  • Membranous VSDs and muscular VSDs (correct)

What type of shunting does a large VSD cause?

  • No shunting
  • Left to right shunting (correct)
  • Bidirectional shunting
  • Right to left shunting

Where in the septum are membranous VSDs located?

  • Near the ventricles
  • In the membranous part of the septum (correct)
  • Near the atria
  • In the muscular part of the septum

Which type of VSD occurs depending on the part of the septum defected?

<p>Muscular VSDs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What serious consequences are associated with VSDs?

<p>Left to right shunting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of VSD is not mentioned in the text?

<p>Perimembranous VSDs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which direction does blood shunt with VSDs?

<p><em>Left to right</em> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the foramen ovale during embryonic development?

<p>To allow communication between the atria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure contributes to the formation of the septum secundum?

<p>Septum primum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During fetal development, what happens to the foramen ovale after birth?

<p>It closes gradually over weeks to months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition occurs if the foramen ovale fails to close after birth?

<p>Atrial septal defect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ostium primum during heart development?

<p>To allow blood flow between the atria in fetal circulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as a valve-like mechanism to prevent backflow from the left atrium to the right atrium?

<p>Septum secundum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the septum primum play in heart development?

<p>It acts as a temporary barrier between the atria during fetal development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sinus venosus in the embryonic heart?

<p>It helps in receiving blood from veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sinus venosus receives blood from veins?

<p>Right horn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if there is a defect in the left horn of the sinus venosus?

<p>Creation of an atrial septal defect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is most closely associated with the development of the right atrium?

<p>Right sinus horn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If there is a defect in the septum secundum, what heart condition may arise?

<p>Atrial septal defect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure plays a crucial role in preventing backflow between the right atrium and right ventricle?

<p>Crista terminalis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial structure that forms in the atrial septum during heart development?

<p>Septum primum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart does the septum primum grow towards during development?

<p>Endocardial cushion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of the tissue that forms the septum primum?

<p>Appears as a crescentic structure and grows downwards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the single atrium gives rise to the ridge of tissue forming the septum primum?

<p>Roof (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific direction in which the ridge of tissue from the roof of the atrium grows to form the septum primum?

<p>Downwards approaching the endocardial cushion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the septum primum during heart development?

<p>Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the heart does the septum primum contribute to forming?

<p>Foramen ovale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In heart development, what is located superior to the tissue forming the septum primum?

<p>Septum secundum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure does not directly involve in forming membranes during heart development?

<p>Sinus venosus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the crescentic structure that forms initially in heart development?

<p>Perforated with tiny holes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of growth of the ridge of tissue forming the septum primum from the roof of the single atrium?

<p>Downwards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart does the ridge of tissue forming the septum primum approach during heart development?

<p>Endocardial cushion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the structure that initially forms from the roof of the atrium during atrial septum development?

<p>Crescentic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the membrane that takes part in forming the septum primum during heart development?

<p>Imperforate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the ridge of tissue forming the septum primum originate within the single atrium?

<p>Endocardial cushion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What opening is left between the advancing septum primum and the endocardial primum cushion?

<p>Ostium primum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is formed by the tissue from the roof of the atrium that grows to create the septum primum?

<p>Ostium secundum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure known for preventing backflow between the left atrium and left ventricle?

<p>Bicuspid valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the single atrium gives rise to the ridge of tissue forming the septum primum?

<p>Endocardial primum cushion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of the crescent shape of the leading edge of the advancing septum primum?

<p>Concave (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have a foramen within the septum separating the atria?

<p>To facilitate blood flow from the right to the left atrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the atrial septum before birth?

<p>To direct blood from the right to the left atrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the foramen within the atrial septum play during fetal development?

<p>It allows mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the foramen within the atrial septum fails to close after birth?

<p>Formation of a congenital heart defect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of having a foramen in the septum separating the atria?

<p>To facilitate oxygen exchange within fetal circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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