10 Questions
Which layer of the cornea is continuous with the sclera?
Stromal layer
What is the name of the inner layer formed in front of the lens and iris?
Iridopupillary membrane
What is the fluid produced by the ciliary process of the ciliary body into the posterior chamber?
Aqueous humor
Which part of the eye serves as the space between the iris anteriorly and the lens and ciliary body posteriorly?
Posterior chamber
What provides nutrients for the cornea and lens in the eye?
Aqueous humor
What is the part of the eye that continuously produces and reabsorbs aqueous humor?
Ciliary body
Which layer of the cornea originates from surface ectoderm?
Epithelium
Which structure communicates one to each other through the pupil of the eye?
Anterior chamber and posterior chamber
Where is the space between that contains the iris anteriorly and lens and ciliary body posteriorly located?
Posterior chamber
What is responsible for producing a fluid that provides nutrients to both cornea and lens in the eye?
Ciliary process
Study Notes
Development of the Eyes
- Around day 22, a pair of lateral grooves, the optic sulcus, evaginate from the forebrain.
- The optic vesicle reaches the surface ectoderm and sends signals to the adjacent ectoderm, which thickens to form a lens placode.
- The lens placode invaginates to form a lens pit that will transform the optic vesicle into an optic cup.
Formation of the Optic Cup
- The optic cup is a double-walled cup, with an inner and outer layer, and initially, there is a space between the walls called the intraretinal space.
- The inner wall of the optic cup gives rise to the neural retina.
- The outer wall gives rise to the pigmented layer, which contains melanin.
- The intraretinal space disappears by the 7th week as the neural retina proliferates and joins the outer layer.
Development of the Retina and Optic Nerve
- The optic cup develops into the retina and the stalk is transformed into the optic nerve.
- The lentiretinal space, between the lens vesicle and the inner layer of the optic cup, forms the vitreous body by proliferation of mesenchymal cells.
- The optic stalk has a groove, the choroid fissure, which contains the hyaloid artery.
- The choroid fissure closes by the 7th week, and the optic stalk is transformed into the optic nerve.
Evolution of the Optic Cup
- The posterior four-fifths of the optic cup will form the pars optica retinae.
- The anterior fifth of the optic cup will form the pars caeca retinae, which divides into the pars iridica retinae and the pars ciliaris retinae.
Development of the Choroid, Sclera, and Cornea
- The eye primordium is surrounded by mesenchyme, which is transformed into an inner layer (choroid) and an outer layer (sclera).
- Anterior mesenchyme, between the lens and ectoderm, forms the anterior chamber by vacuolization.
- The anterior chamber splits the mesenchyme into the iridopupillary membrane and the substantia propria of the cornea.
- The cornea is composed of three layers: epithelium from the surface ectoderm, stromal layer, and endothelium.
Learn about the developmental process of the eyes from the formation of optic sulcus to the transformation into optic cup. Understand how optic vesicles evolve into lens placodes, lens pits, and eventually, the optic cup.
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