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Questions and Answers
What is the precursor to the central tendon of the diaphragm?
Which structure is responsible for forming the crura of the diaphragm in the adult?
What role do the paired pleuroperitoneal membranes play in diaphragm development?
When do the pleuroperitoneal membranes grow to close the pericardioperitoneal canal?
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Which portion of the diaphragm is supplied by the lateral body wall?
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What is the primary cause of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
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Which clinical sign is commonly observed in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
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What is a significant risk to newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
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Where is congenital diaphragmatic hernia most commonly located?
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How can congenital diaphragmatic hernia be detected prenatally?
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What abdominal sign may indicate the presence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn?
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Study Notes
Development of the Diaphragm
- The diaphragm is a crucial muscle for respiration
-
Septum transversum:
- Thick mesoderm located between the developing heart and liver
- Forms the central tendon of the diaphragm
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Pleuroperitoneal membranes:
- Somatic mesoderm
- Forms the crura of the diaphragm
-
Dorsal mesentery of the esophagus:
- Contributes to the formation of the crura of the diaphragm
-
Lateral body wall:
- Provides muscle for the peripheral portions of the diaphragm
-
Pericardioperitoneal canals:
- Spaces between the pleural and peritoneal cavities
- Close during weeks 5-7 of gestation
- Closure achieved by the growth of pleuroperitoneal membranes
- Membranes fuse with the septum transversum and the posterior body wall
- Membranes form the posterior portion of the diaphragm
- Muscle tissue from the surrounding body wall invades the diaphragm
- This invasion is indicated by arrows in diagram B
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
- A condition where abdominal contents enter the pleural cavity due to improper development of the pleuroperitoneal membrane.
- Commonly located on the left posterolateral side.
- Can be life-threatening as compressed lung buds can lead to pulmonary hypoplasia.
Clinical Signs in Newborns
- Flattened abdomen.
- Difficulty breathing (dyspnea).
- Cyanosis.
- Bowel sounds heard over the left chest.
Prenatal Detection
- Can be detected using ultrasonography.
Illustration
- Loops of the intestine are visible in the pleural cavity compressing the left lung.
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Description
Explore the intricate process behind the formation of the diaphragm, a vital muscle for respiration. This quiz covers key developmental structures, including the septum transversum and pleuroperitoneal membranes, as well as their contributions to the diaphragm's anatomy. Test your knowledge on how these components come together during gestation.
