Religious Education

Questions and Answers

What was one of the social motives behind slavery and the slave trade up to the sixteenth century?

Formation of democratic societies

Expansion of trade routes

Increase in agricultural productivity

Need for domestic servants (correct)

Which of the following was a significant economic effect of the slave trade on African societies?

Growth of local industries

Collapse of trans-Saharan trade (correct)

Introduction of European trade currencies

Establishment of democratic governance

What characterized the triangular slave trade?

Organized in three major stages involving Europe, Africa, and America (correct)

Involvement of only African countries

Elimination of European influence in slave trade

One-sided transfer of goods without any profit

What was a political motive for the expansion of slavery and slave trade?

Desire to expand European political influence Signup and view all the answers

Which individual was instrumental in campaigning against slavery and slave trade in the British Empire?

William Wilberforce Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the primary political aims of European imperialism during the Scramble for Africa?

To strengthen their power within Europe Signup and view all the answers

Which explorer is known for his exploration of the Niger River in West Africa?

Mungo Park Signup and view all the answers

What social objective did European nations pursue regarding their interaction with traditional African lifestyles?

To promote Western ways of living among local populations Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant humanitarian aim of Christian missionaries in Africa?

To convert local people to Christianity and provide education Signup and view all the answers

Who were the first Europeans to claim the source of the Nile River during their expedition?

Richard Burton and John Hanning Speke Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Motives Behind Slavery and Slave Trade

Slavery involves forced labor, with slaves considered property of their owners.
Developed due to European expansion and colonization of new territories.
Social Motives:
- Need for domestic servants.
- Removal of undesirable societal members.
- Used as punishment for crimes.
- Aimed at depopulating Europe and settling excess African population.
Political Motives:
- Desire to expand influence in Africa and Europe.
- Strategic military reasons during conflicts.
Economic Motives:
- Labor supply for agriculture and industry.
- Demand for manufactured goods spurred slave trade profitability.

Effects of Slave Trade on African Societies

Social Effects:
- Significant depopulation and dislocation of communities.
- Destruction of cultural identities, languages, and religions.
- Introduction of new diseases affecting populations.
Economic Effects:
- Collapse of trans-Saharan trade networks.
- Loss of human resources and lack of development.
Political Effects:
- Emergence of new leadership structures.
- Increased violence, wars, and instability.
- Shifts in the rise and decline of various states; rise of racial attitudes.

Main Slave Trade Routes in Africa

Major routes connected West Africa to European markets and the Americas, facilitating the movement of enslaved people.

Triangular Slave Trade

Involved three continents: Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
Consisted of three major stages:
- Trade of goods from Europe to Africa.
- Transportation of enslaved individuals from Africa to the Americas.
- Export of American goods back to Europe.

Key Figures in Abolition of Slavery and Slave Trade

William Wilberforce:
- British politician and humanitarian opposing slavery.
- Advocated for abolition in the British Empire based on moral and religious grounds.
Abraham Lincoln:
- 16th President of the United States (1861-1865).
- Led during the Civil War, preserving the Union and abolishing slavery.

Aims of European Imperialism and Scramble for Africa

Political Aims:
- Protect and expand trade relations with Africa.
- Utilize African resources to enhance power among competing European nations.
Economic Aims:
- Increased demand for raw materials for manufacturing.
- Search for new sources of resources as supply from the New World diminished.
Social Aims:
- Transform traditional African societies to adopt Western lifestyles.
- Resettle freed slaves in African territories.
Religious and Humanitarian Aims:
- Missionaries sought to convert local populations to Christianity and provide education and medical services.
- Push for governmental protection against slave traders.

Exploration of Africa by Europeans

West Africa:
- Mungo Park, a Scottish explorer, was commissioned in 1795 to explore the Niger River for navigability.
East Africa:
- Richard Burton and John Hanning Spoke (1857-1858) explored the Nile River, discovering Lake Tanganyika and Lake Victoria; confirmed as a source of the Nile by Henry Morton Stanley in 1874.
Central Africa:
- Henry Morton Stanley noted for significant explorations, including mapping extensive regions.

Religious Education - Marriage