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Questions and Answers
What is the direction of projection of the lateral palatine processes in the beginning?
What is the direction of projection of the lateral palatine processes in the beginning?
During which weeks do the lateral palatine processes elongate and ascend to a horizontal position above the tongue?
During which weeks do the lateral palatine processes elongate and ascend to a horizontal position above the tongue?
What develops in the anterior part of the palate?
What develops in the anterior part of the palate?
What is the source of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
What is the source of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
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What nerve supplies the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?
What nerve supplies the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue?
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What is the origin of the musculature of the tongue?
What is the origin of the musculature of the tongue?
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What forms the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
What forms the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
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During which week does the fusion with the nasal septum begin?
During which week does the fusion with the nasal septum begin?
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What is the source of the paired mandibular prominences during facial development?
What is the source of the paired mandibular prominences during facial development?
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What forms as a result of the elevations of the nasal pits?
What forms as a result of the elevations of the nasal pits?
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How many facial primordia appear around the stomodeum?
How many facial primordia appear around the stomodeum?
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What is the source of the paired maxillary prominences during facial development?
What is the source of the paired maxillary prominences during facial development?
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What do the maxillary prominences form?
What do the maxillary prominences form?
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When do nasal placodes sink below to form nasal pits?
When do nasal placodes sink below to form nasal pits?
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What is the fate of the nasal placodes?
What is the fate of the nasal placodes?
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What do the mandibular prominences form?
What do the mandibular prominences form?
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At what stage is the embryo when the fronto-nasal process and pharyngeal arches are present?
At what stage is the embryo when the fronto-nasal process and pharyngeal arches are present?
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What do the medial nasal prominences fuse to form?
What do the medial nasal prominences fuse to form?
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What is the number of branchial arches involved in facial development?
What is the number of branchial arches involved in facial development?
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What gives rise to the philtrum of lip?
What gives rise to the philtrum of lip?
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How long does the development of palate take?
How long does the development of palate take?
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What is the critical period for the development of palate?
What is the critical period for the development of palate?
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What does the primary palate represent in the adult hard palate?
What does the primary palate represent in the adult hard palate?
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When does the development of the primary palate begin?
When does the development of the primary palate begin?
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Study Notes
Development of Face and Palate
- Face develops from structures around the stomodeum (4th week)
- Structures involved: fronto-nasal process, 1st pharyngeal (mandibular) arch of each side, maxillary process, and mandibular process
Formation of Mandibular and Maxillary Processes
- Single fronto-nasal prominence ventral to the forebrain
- Paired maxillary prominences develop from the cranial part of the 1st branchial arch
- Paired mandibular prominences develop from the caudal part of the 1st branchial arch
- Five facial primordia appear as prominences around the stomodeum
Further Development of Face
- Formation of nasal placodes and lens placodes (4th week)
- Nasal placodes sink below to form nasal pits (5th week)
- Elevations of the nasal pits form the medial and lateral nasal processes
- Nasal placodes are primordia of the nose and nasal cavities
Derivatives of Facial Components
- Fronto-nasal prominence forms the forehead, bridge of the nose, frontal and nasal bones
- Maxillary prominences form the upper cheek regions, most of the upper lip, maxilla, zygomatic bone, and secondary palate
- Mandibular prominences fuse and form the chin, lower lip, lower cheek regions, and mandible
- Lateral nasal prominences form the alae of the nose
- Medial nasal prominences fuse and form the intermaxillary segment
Development of Palate
- Medial nasal swellings enlarge, grow medially, and merge with each other in the midline to form the intermaxillary segment
- Intermaxillary segment gives rise to the philtrum of lip, premaxillary part of the maxilla, primary palate, and palatogenesis
- Palatogenesis begins at the end of the 5th week and gets completed by the end of the 12th week
- The most critical period for the development of palate is from the end of 6th week to the beginning of 9th week
- The palate develops from two primordia: primary palate and secondary palate
Primary Palate
- Begins to develop early in the 6th week
- Develops from the deep part of the intermaxillary segment as a median palatine process
- Lies behind the premaxillary part of the maxilla
- Fuses with the developing secondary palate
- Represents only a small part lying anterior to the incisive fossa of the adult hard palate
Secondary Palate
- Is the primordia of hard and soft palate posterior to the incisive fossa
- Begins to develop early in the 6th week
- Develops from the lateral palatine processes, which grow medially and fuse in the median plane
Development of Tongue
- Formation of tongue: median and lateral tongue buds arise from the floor of the 1st pharyngeal arch and grow rostrally
- Formation of tongue: fusion of tuberculum impar, two lingual swellings, and caudal medial swelling (hypobranchial eminence)
- Anterior 2/3 of the tongue is formed by fusion of median and lateral tongue buds
- Posterior 1/3 of the tongue is supplied by glossopharyngeal nerve (nerve of 3rd arch)
- Musculature of tongue is derived from occipital myotomes, explaining nerve supply by hypoglossal nerve, nerve of these myotomes
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Description
Learn about the formation of the face and palate during embryonic development, including the structures involved and the processes that shape them.
