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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the union of female and male sex cells?
Which chromosome combination results in a female offspring?
What is the basic unit of heredity?
During which stage of human development does an individual transition from birth to the end of the second week?
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In genetics, what does DNA primarily provide?
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Which of the following best describes the term 'maturation' in human development?
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What stage follows the pre-natal period in human development?
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At what age range does early adulthood occur?
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Study Notes
Development of an Individual
- Two main factors influence development: heredity (nature) and environment (nurture)
- Heredity is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring
- Environment is the sum of experiences a person encounters from conception to old age
Heredity
- Sex cells (egg and sperm) meet during fertilization
- Gonads are reproductive organs that produce sex cells
- Spermatozoa are male sex cells produced in the testes
- Ova are female sex cells produced in the ovaries
- A zygote is a fertilized egg cell containing hereditary potentials from both parents
- Chromosomes are thread-like structures inside the nucleus of cells
- Females always contribute an X chromosome
- Males contribute either an X or Y chromosome
- XX chromosomes result in female offspring
- XY chromosomes result in male offspring
- Genes are basic units of heredity within chromosomes
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a substance found within genes and contains hereditary information
Maturation
- Unfolding of inherited traits
- Stages of human development include pre-natal, infancy, babyhood, early childhood, late childhood, puberty, adolescence, early adulthood, middle age, and old age
Pre-Natal Period
- Conception to birth
- Divided into three stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal
Infancy
- From birth to the end of the second week
Babyhood
- From the end of the second week to the end of the second year
Early Childhood
- Also known as the preschool age
- 2-6 years old
Late Childhood
- Also known as the elementary age
- 6-10 years old
Puberty
- Also known as preadolescence
- 12-13 or 14 years
Adolescence
- 13 or 14-18 years
Early Adulthood
- 18-40 years
Middle Age
- 40-60 years
Old Age
- 60 years to death
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of heredity and environmental influences on individual development. It covers the roles of sex cells, chromosomes, and genes in shaping physical and behavioral traits. Test your understanding of how nature and nurture interact to form who we are.
