🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

Developing and Using Questionnaires
40 Questions
7 Views

Developing and Using Questionnaires

Created by
@RefreshingSkunk

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a key advantage of using questionnaires in surveys?

  • They eliminate the need for researcher control
  • They guarantee in-depth responses
  • They can cover a wide geographic area and large numbers (correct)
  • They are always cost-effective
  • Why is it important for researchers to be cautious when developing questionnaires?

  • To maintain anonymity in responses
  • To avoid bias and ensure respondents understand the questions (correct)
  • To ensure they are always cost-effective
  • To allow comparability between sub-groups
  • What type of bias may lead to challenges in using questionnaires for surveys?

  • Non-response bias (correct)
  • Confirmation bias
  • Selection bias
  • Observer bias
  • Which factor can enhance openness in respondents when using questionnaires?

    <p>Anonymity of responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common limitation of questionnaires in surveys?

    <p>Assumptions about respondent understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method can help ensure comparability between different sub-groups or over time when using questionnaires?

    <p>Using fixed questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method to quantify the characteristics of non-responders to postal surveys?

    <p>Analyzing late responders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the survey of community pharmacists, what was the response rate?

    <p>75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic showed bias towards multiples being included in the pharmacy survey?

    <p>Pharmacy type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which deprivation level showed the highest proportion of responding pharmacies in the survey?

    <p>Moderate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information was missing to determine if the survey was biased in terms of pharmacists' age/gender distribution?

    <p>Both age and gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was used as a proxy measure to understand the age/gender distribution of pharmacists in the survey?

    <p>Pharmacist register data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of questionnaire development emphasizes the importance of ensuring options are clear and mutually exclusive?

    <p>Stage 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue to be avoided when designing questionnaires, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Using double negatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which question design involves diametrically opposed anchor statements and a number of boxes for responses?

    <p>Semantic differential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using open-ended questions in a survey, according to the text?

    <p>Fewer responses received</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which distribution method for questionnaires is highlighted for having formatting consistency and not requiring internet access?

    <p>Paper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of piloting and testing a questionnaire with a different population than the target group?

    <p>Identifying potential issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In questionnaire development, what would be considered primarily when deciding between closed and open questions?

    <p>'Options' clarity and exclusivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common limitation of Likert-type scales, as discussed in the text?

    <p>'Agree/disagree' sensitivity loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method can be used to test the validity of a questionnaire?

    <p>Cognitive interviewing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one drawback of self-administered questionnaires mentioned in the text?

    <p>Low response rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique can be used to help develop the content of a questionnaire?

    <p>Focus groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of including open questions in a questionnaire?

    <p>To analyze using qualitative methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation is using two methods preferable according to the text?

    <p>When confirming results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the UK Census mentioned in the text?

    <p>Detailed picture of the entire population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider similar work done before starting a survey?

    <p>To save time and effort in development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage involves developing the first draft of a questionnaire based on expert opinion or qualitative results?

    <p>Stage 3: Developing first draft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the aim and objectives definition stage of using a questionnaire?

    <p>Determination of overall purpose and key variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one important consideration before starting a survey according to the text?

    <p>Acknowledgment of previous surveys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cognitive interviewing in survey research?

    <p>To understand how potential respondents interpret questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of validity assesses whether a questionnaire covers the constructs fully and measures what it intends to measure?

    <p>Face validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does inter-rater reliability ensure in survey research?

    <p>Consistent results by different people administering the instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is test-re-test reliability assessed?

    <p>By administering the questionnaire to the same population on two occasions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bias in surveys is associated with deficiencies in the survey instrument?

    <p>Measurement bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a method to help maximize response rates in surveys?

    <p>Use multiple contacts and reminders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand the characteristics of non-responders in a survey?

    <p>To quantify bias in the survey results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of including additional questions in a pilot study of a survey questionnaire?

    <p>To understand how potential respondents interpret questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of validity determines whether people understand the way a survey instrument has been constructed?

    <p>Content validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does internal reliability assess in a survey instrument?

    <p>Consistency among items covering similar constructs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Developing and Using Questionnaires

    Advantages of Questionnaires

    • Easily replicable
    • Relatively quick to administer
    • Relatively cheap
    • Can cover a wide geographic area and large numbers
    • Researcher has control over the focus of the questions and the answers
    • Anonymity may encourage openness in respondents
    • Can be analyzed quantitatively

    Disadvantages of Questionnaires

    • Very dependent on researcher’s perspectives
    • Assumes the respondents understand what the questions mean
    • May not be comparable between sub-groups or over time
    • Non-responders may differ in their characteristics
    • Need to consider relevant characteristics of responders and non-responders

    Assessment of Questionnaire Validity and Reliability

    Validity

    • Face validity: does the instrument cover the constructs fully?
    • Content validity: do people understand the instrument and is the content appropriate?
    • Criterion-referenced validity: does the instrument measure what it's supposed to measure?

    Reliability

    • Inter-rater reliability: do users of the instrument administer it in the same way?
    • Test-re-test reliability: does the instrument get the same results in the same population?
    • Internal reliability: do items in the instrument covering similar constructs give similar results?

    Bias in Surveys

    Types of Bias

    • Sampling bias: inappropriate sampling method
    • Exclusion bias: incomplete sampling frame
    • Measurement bias: instrument deficiencies
    • Non-response bias: people don’t respond

    Maximizing Response Rates

    • Use multiple distribution methods
    • Use multiple contacts and reminders
    • Ensure high-quality covering letter and attractive appearance of the questionnaire
    • Provide freepost envelopes and incentives
    • Add endorsements from funding bodies, local NHS, or professional bodies

    Dealing with Non-Responders

    • Understand the characteristics of non-responders to quantify bias
    • Compare characteristics of responders and non-responders

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Learn about the advantages and disadvantages of using questionnaires, types of questions, methods of distributing questionnaires, assessing validity and reliability, minimizing bias, and gathering data for service development and needs assessment.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Mastering Questionnaires
    3 questions
    Creating Questionnaires: An Introduction
    14 questions
    Designing Research Questionnaires
    10 questions
    Questionnaire Design Basics
    10 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser