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Questions and Answers
Which process is responsible for transporting Vitamin B12 across the gut wall?
Which process is responsible for transporting Vitamin B12 across the gut wall?
What is the main factor affecting drug absorption discussed in the text?
What is the main factor affecting drug absorption discussed in the text?
Why do weak acids pass through membranes more readily?
Why do weak acids pass through membranes more readily?
What determines the distribution of a drug between its ionized and unionized forms?
What determines the distribution of a drug between its ionized and unionized forms?
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What is the most common and safest route of drug administration?
What is the most common and safest route of drug administration?
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Why are oral drugs easily self-administered?
Why are oral drugs easily self-administered?
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What complicates the pathways involved in oral drug absorption?
What complicates the pathways involved in oral drug absorption?
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Why is activated charcoal used in cases of oral drug overdose?
Why is activated charcoal used in cases of oral drug overdose?
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What does Volume of Distribution (Vd) compare the distribution of a drug with?
What does Volume of Distribution (Vd) compare the distribution of a drug with?
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Which compartment has a low Volume of Distribution similar to plasma volume?
Which compartment has a low Volume of Distribution similar to plasma volume?
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What is bioavailability?
What is bioavailability?
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In which compartment would a hydrophilic drug with low molecular weight distribute more readily?
In which compartment would a hydrophilic drug with low molecular weight distribute more readily?
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Why does orally administered drugs often undergo first-pass metabolism?
Why does orally administered drugs often undergo first-pass metabolism?
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What is the formula for calculating Volume of Distribution (Vd)?
What is the formula for calculating Volume of Distribution (Vd)?
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What does the area under the curve (AUC) measure in pharmacokinetics?
What does the area under the curve (AUC) measure in pharmacokinetics?
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How does first-pass hepatic metabolism affect bioavailability?
How does first-pass hepatic metabolism affect bioavailability?
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Volume of Distribution (Vd) has a physiologic or physical basis.
Volume of Distribution (Vd) has a physiologic or physical basis.
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A drug with high molecular weight or extensive protein binding would have a low Volume of Distribution (Vd).
A drug with high molecular weight or extensive protein binding would have a low Volume of Distribution (Vd).
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Heparin shows characteristics of distribution similar to Extracellular Fluid.
Heparin shows characteristics of distribution similar to Extracellular Fluid.
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A hydrophilic drug with a low molecular weight can easily distribute into the interstitial fluid.
A hydrophilic drug with a low molecular weight can easily distribute into the interstitial fluid.
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Metabolism leads to production of products with decreased polarity.
Metabolism leads to production of products with decreased polarity.
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Most drugs are eliminated according to zero-order kinetics.
Most drugs are eliminated according to zero-order kinetics.
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Drug clearance estimates the amount of drug cleared from the body per unit of volume.
Drug clearance estimates the amount of drug cleared from the body per unit of volume.
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Kidneys can efficiently eliminate lipophilic drugs that are reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubules.
Kidneys can efficiently eliminate lipophilic drugs that are reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubules.
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Drug excretion may occur via sweat, saliva, tears, hair, and skin to a large extent.
Drug excretion may occur via sweat, saliva, tears, hair, and skin to a large extent.
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Total body clearance and drug half-life are not important measures of drug clearance.
Total body clearance and drug half-life are not important measures of drug clearance.
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The liver does not contribute to drug clearance through metabolism or excretion into the bile.
The liver does not contribute to drug clearance through metabolism or excretion into the bile.
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The kidney is not a major organ of excretion in drug clearance.
The kidney is not a major organ of excretion in drug clearance.
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Patients with diminished renal or hepatic blood flow may experience a decrease in drug half-life.
Patients with diminished renal or hepatic blood flow may experience a decrease in drug half-life.
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Increased hepatic blood flow can lead to a decrease in the half-life of a drug.
Increased hepatic blood flow can lead to a decrease in the half-life of a drug.
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Patients with decreased ability to extract drug from plasma may require an increase in drug dosage.
Patients with decreased ability to extract drug from plasma may require an increase in drug dosage.
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Which process is NOT involved in the elimination of drugs through the kidneys into urine?
Which process is NOT involved in the elimination of drugs through the kidneys into urine?
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What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) approximately in mL/min?
What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) approximately in mL/min?
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Which factor does NOT influence the passage of drugs into the glomerular filtrate during glomerular filtration?
Which factor does NOT influence the passage of drugs into the glomerular filtrate during glomerular filtration?
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Where do drugs that were not transferred into the glomerular filtrate leave the glomeruli to enter the proximal tubule?
Where do drugs that were not transferred into the glomerular filtrate leave the glomeruli to enter the proximal tubule?
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Why is intravenous (IV) injection considered the most common parenteral route of drug administration?
Why is intravenous (IV) injection considered the most common parenteral route of drug administration?
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What distinguishes depot preparations used in intramuscular (IM) drug administration from aqueous solutions?
What distinguishes depot preparations used in intramuscular (IM) drug administration from aqueous solutions?
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Which factor contributes to the higher peak plasma concentrations seen when drugs are administered as an IV bolus compared to IV infusion?
Which factor contributes to the higher peak plasma concentrations seen when drugs are administered as an IV bolus compared to IV infusion?
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What is a disadvantage associated with the intradermal route of drug administration?
What is a disadvantage associated with the intradermal route of drug administration?
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Which organ is primarily involved in the elimination of anesthetic gases?
Which organ is primarily involved in the elimination of anesthetic gases?
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Excretion of most drugs into which of the following occurs only to a small extent?
Excretion of most drugs into which of the following occurs only to a small extent?
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Total body clearance is the sum of clearances from which drug-processing and drug-eliminating organs?
Total body clearance is the sum of clearances from which drug-processing and drug-eliminating organs?
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What is a potential source of undesirable side effects to a breast-feeding infant regarding drug clearance through metabolism?
What is a potential source of undesirable side effects to a breast-feeding infant regarding drug clearance through metabolism?
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What is the primary location where secretion of drugs occurs in the kidneys?
What is the primary location where secretion of drugs occurs in the kidneys?
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How does manipulating urine pH help increase drug clearance in the kidneys?
How does manipulating urine pH help increase drug clearance in the kidneys?
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Which process is responsible for increasing the elimination of weak bases from the body?
Which process is responsible for increasing the elimination of weak bases from the body?
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What can be done to decrease the reabsorption of weak acids in a patient presenting with an overdose?
What can be done to decrease the reabsorption of weak acids in a patient presenting with an overdose?
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