Bioavailability Determination Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Why is determining bioavailability important for calculating drug dosages for non-intravenous routes of administration?

  • To adjust for the incomplete absorption of the drug (correct)
  • To prevent drug resistance
  • To reduce the cost of drug development
  • To ensure the drugs reach the targeted tissues
  • What is the bioavailability of a drug if 85mg is absorbed unchanged out of an orally administered 100mg?

  • 0.80 or 80%
  • 0.90 or 90%
  • 0.85 or 85%
  • 0.75 or 75% (correct)
  • If 60mg of a drug is absorbed unchanged following intravenous administration, what is the bioavailability?

  • 0.40 or 40%
  • 0.35 or 35%
  • 0.60 or 60%
  • 1.00 or 100% (correct)
  • Which type of amines can undergo oxidative N-dealkylation and N-oxide formation?

    <p>Tertiary aromatic amines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of oxidative deamination of primary aliphatic amines through the carbinolamine pathway?

    <p>Formation of carbonyl metabolites and ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of amines generate the corresponding N-hydroxylamine metabolites upon N-oxidation?

    <p>Secondary aliphatic amines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of amines is susceptible to further oxidation to yield other N-oxygenated products like nitroso and the nitro derivatives?

    <p>Primary aliphatic amines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes the conjugation of substrates with GSH?

    <p>GSH S-transferases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major structural requirement for substrates susceptible to GSH conjugation?

    <p>Sufficient electrophilicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which functional group is the target for acetylation in the metabolic pathway discussed?

    <p>Primary amino group (NH2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metabolic pathway aims to terminate the biological activity and detoxify drugs and xenobiotics?

    <p>Acetylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of phase II conjugation reactions in drug metabolism?

    <p>To convert metabolites to more polar and water-soluble products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of GSH in drug metabolism?

    <p>To prevent damage to important biomacromolecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do methylation and acetylation phase II reactions primarily influence drug metabolism?

    <p>By terminating or attenuating pharmacological activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates in drug metabolism?

    <p>Undergo hydrolytic cleavage by βglucuronidase and sulfatase enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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