Determinants of Health and Health Equity
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Questions and Answers

Which factors are included in the determinants of health?

  • Social, environmental, and genetic factors (correct)
  • Individual lifestyle choices exclusively
  • Genetic predisposition and dietary choices
  • Environmental and social factors only

    • What is the primary goal of health equity?

  • To promote overall health for everyone regardless of circumstance
  • To eliminate unfair systems leading to health disparities (correct)
  • To implement generalized health policies for all
  • To identify and treat health inequalities strategically

    • Which of the following best describes informed consent?

  • An agreement that can be verbal and does not need follow-up
  • An obligatory requirement for all healthcare interactions
  • A one-time agreement for medical procedures
  • A complex process respecting patient autonomy and legal principles (correct)

    • What does competence refer to in the context of informed consent?

    <p>Legally and mentally capable decision-making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the aspects of informed consent?

    <p>No understanding of medical terminology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which groups may experience more pronounced health disparities due to social determinants of health?

    <p>Indigenous Peoples and LGBTQ individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key components of disclosure in informed consent?

    <p>To inform about the procedure, its benefits, and risks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a social determinant that impacts health outcomes?

    <p>Physical environments and experiences of discrimination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Determinants of Health

    Factors that influence a person's health, including social, environmental, and genetic factors.

    Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)

    Social and economic factors influencing health outcomes, like income and education.

    Health Inequalities

    Differences in health status among individuals and groups due to various factors.

    Health Equity

    Efforts to eliminate unfair health disparities and ensure access to good health conditions for all.

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    Consent

    A voluntary agreement to engage in an activity, crucial in healthcare.

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    Informed Consent

    An ongoing process that respects patient autonomy, enabling informed healthcare decisions.

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    Aspects of Informed Consent

    Includes disclosure, comprehension, voluntariness, competence, and consent.

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    Nursing Responsibilities in Informed Consent

    Nurses must ensure patients understand consent processes and respect their autonomy.

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    Study Notes

    Determinants of Health

    • Determinants of health are factors influencing a person's health, including social, environmental, and genetic factors.
    • Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) are a set of social and economic factors impacting health outcomes.
    • These factors include income, education, employment, social support, physical environments, and experiences of discrimination.
    • Specific groups like Indigenous Peoples, LGBTQ individuals, and Black Canadians experience more pronounced health disparities.

    Health Inequalities vs Health Equity

    • Health Inequalities are differences in health status between individuals and groups due to genetics, choices, and social determinants.
    • Health Equity aims to eliminate unfair systems and policies causing disparities, ensuring everyone has access to health-conducive conditions.
    • Consent is a voluntary agreement to engage in an activity.
    • The Health Care Consent Act, 1996 (HCCA) and The Substitute Decisions Act, 1992 (SDA) are relevant legislation for consent.
    • Informed consent is an ongoing process respecting patient autonomy, a legal and ethical principle ensuring informed patient decisions.
    • Informed consent ensures patients understand treatment details, purpose, benefits, risks, side effects, alternatives, and the option of no treatment.
    • Disclosure: Providing information about the procedure.
    • Comprehension: Ensuring patients understand the information, tailored to their language, literacy, and cognitive abilities.
    • Voluntariness: Patient decisions are free of coercion or undue influence.
    • Competence: Patient is legally and mentally capable of making decisions.
    • Consent: Explicit agreement through verbal, written, or other communication methods.
    • Nurses ensure patients fully understand proposed treatments.
    • Nurses advocate for patient needs (if comprehension is lacking).
    • Nurses verify patient capacity to give consent; acting as patient advocates for informed decision-making in health care.

    Health Literacy

    • Health literacy is the ability to access, understand, evaluate, and use health information to make informed decisions.
    • Health literacy involves:
      • Accessing relevant health resources
      • Understanding medical information
      • Evaluating credibility and relevance of information
      • Communicating effectively with healthcare providers
      • Applying knowledge to manage health

    Importance of Health Literacy

    • Health Literacy leads to better health outcomes, including disease management, preventive care, and informed decision-making.
    • Health Literacy promotes patient empowerment.
    • Health Literacy improves communication between patients and providers, enhancing adherence to treatment plans.
    • Health Literacy reduces healthcare costs by minimizing unnecessary visits and procedures.

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    Description

    Explore the critical factors influencing health, including social determinants and health inequalities. Understand the distinction between health equity and health disparities, and the impact on specific communities. This quiz will test your knowledge on these essential public health concepts.

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