Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the core principle of 'human-centricity' in design thinking?
Which of the following best describes the core principle of 'human-centricity' in design thinking?
- Focusing on the emotional and practical needs of the end-user. (correct)
- Prioritizing technological feasibility above all other considerations.
- Adhering strictly to established design processes and methodologies.
- Emphasizing business viability and market opportunity as the primary goals.
In the context of design thinking, what is the primary purpose of 'ideation'?
In the context of design thinking, what is the primary purpose of 'ideation'?
- To conduct thorough market research and assess the competitive landscape.
- To narrow down the possible solutions to a single, optimal choice.
- To critically analyze existing solutions and identify their flaws.
- To generate a wide range of potential solutions to a defined problem. (correct)
How does 'experimentation and iteration' contribute to the overall design thinking process?
How does 'experimentation and iteration' contribute to the overall design thinking process?
- By allowing for continuous refinement and improvement of solutions through testing and feedback. (correct)
- By ensuring that the initial design concept is strictly adhered to throughout the project.
- By accelerating the development process, even if it means sacrificing quality.
- By minimizing the need for user input and relying on expert opinions.
Herbert Simon's contribution to design thinking, as highlighted in his book The Sciences of the Artificial, primarily involved:
Herbert Simon's contribution to design thinking, as highlighted in his book The Sciences of the Artificial, primarily involved:
What is the purpose of 'extreme users' in the empathy-building phase of design thinking?
What is the purpose of 'extreme users' in the empathy-building phase of design thinking?
Which of the following questions is MOST effective for uncovering deeper insights during an empathy interview?
Which of the following questions is MOST effective for uncovering deeper insights during an empathy interview?
An empathy map is used to do what?
An empathy map is used to do what?
What does Tim Brown define design thinking to be?
What does Tim Brown define design thinking to be?
During the ideation phase of design thinking, which technique encourages generating the most unconventional and radical ideas?
During the ideation phase of design thinking, which technique encourages generating the most unconventional and radical ideas?
In the context of design thinking, how does a 'Minimum Viable Product' (MVP) primarily benefit potential investors?
In the context of design thinking, how does a 'Minimum Viable Product' (MVP) primarily benefit potential investors?
A design team is struggling to define the core problem they are trying to solve. How can storytelling be used to help?
A design team is struggling to define the core problem they are trying to solve. How can storytelling be used to help?
During user observation, a designer notices that people consistently struggle with a particular step in a process. What is the next most appropriate step?
During user observation, a designer notices that people consistently struggle with a particular step in a process. What is the next most appropriate step?
Which question exemplifies an effective open-ended question for user interviews during design thinking?
Which question exemplifies an effective open-ended question for user interviews during design thinking?
A design team has generated numerous ideas. Which activity best strengthens effective questioning?
A design team has generated numerous ideas. Which activity best strengthens effective questioning?
While interviewing a potential product user, you notice they seem hesitant to elaborate on a particular point. What interview technique is most appropriate?
While interviewing a potential product user, you notice they seem hesitant to elaborate on a particular point. What interview technique is most appropriate?
A design team lead observes a team member getting frustrated during an interview session. Which of the following actions should the team lead advise?
A design team lead observes a team member getting frustrated during an interview session. Which of the following actions should the team lead advise?
Flashcards
Design Thinking
Design Thinking
A discipline using a designer's sensibility to match people's needs with technological feasibility and viable business strategy.
Design Thinking (definition)
Design Thinking (definition)
Finding innovative solutions through understanding and empathy for the target user.
Design thinking: approach
Design thinking: approach
A solution-based approach questioning problems and assumptions.
Design Thinking Principles
Design Thinking Principles
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Design Thinking Process (5 stages)
Design Thinking Process (5 stages)
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Empathy (in design thinking)
Empathy (in design thinking)
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Empathy-Building Methods
Empathy-Building Methods
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Empathy Map
Empathy Map
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Question Generation Guidelines
Question Generation Guidelines
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Ideation Techniques
Ideation Techniques
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SCAMPER
SCAMPER
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Prototyping
Prototyping
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Types of Prototyping
Types of Prototyping
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Storytelling
Storytelling
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Observation vs. Insight
Observation vs. Insight
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Study Notes
Design Thinking
- Design thinking emphasizes empathy for the people being designed for.
- It's a discipline using the designer's sensibility and methods to match people's needs with what is technologically feasible.
- It uses viable business strategies to convert into customer value and market opportunity.
Understanding Design Thinking
- It's a constant process aimed at finding innovative solutions through deep understanding and empathy.
- Design thinking has a solution-based approach, using uncommon problem-solving methods.
- It involves questioning the problem, assumptions, and implications.
Principles
- Human-centricity & Empathy
- Collaboration
- Ideation
- Experimentation & Iteration
- A bias towards Action
Origins
- 1950s & 60s: Emerged due to collective problem-solving issues.
- 1969: Herbert A. Simon mentioned it in "The Sciences of the Artificial" as a way of thinking.
- 1970s: Design thinking began combining human, technological, and strategic needs with innovation technology, and Simon outlined the first formal models.
- 21st Century: Many variants emerged, with the Hasso-Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford popularizing a five-stage model.
The Design Thinking Process
- The design thinking process is non-linear.
- Key aspects:
- Empathize: Develop understanding.
- Define: Articulate the problem clearly.
- Ideate: Brainstorm potential solutions.
- Prototype: Design a prototype to test solutions.
- Test: Engage in continuous short-cycle innovation to improve the design.
Key Empathy-Building Methods
- Empathy Interviews
- Immersion and Observation
- Extreme Users
- Asking what, how, & why
Empathy Maps
- Used to gather and organize data from interviews, leading to surprising insights.
- Includes understanding what the user says, does, thinks, and feels.
- Aims to identify needs and insights of the user.
Guidelines in Generating Questions
- Strengthen what's good.
- Eliminate what's bad.
- Search for the opposite.
- Question assumptions
- Pinpoint unanticipated resources
- Form an analogy
- Break down the problem
Ideation Techniques
- Brainstorm
- Brainwrite
- Consider worst possible idea
- SCAMPER
SCAMPER Thinking Technique
- S: Substitute
- C: Combine
- A: Adapt
- M: Modify
- P: Put to another use
- E: Eliminate
- R: Reverse
Prototyping Benefits
- Timely feedback
- Prompt chances to save time and costs
- Validation for development
- User research and testing
Types of Prototyping
- Low Fidelity
- Medium Fidelity
- High Fidelity
- MVP (Minimum Viable Product): A useful way of presenting a product to potential investors
Storytelling
- Serves as the core structure and function to connect experiences through time.
- The elements are: domain/what, players/who, and story flow/how.
Storytelling in Design Process
- Problem Framing
- Solution Framing
- Solution Implementation
Observation and Insight
- observation is gathering raw data without any judgement.
- Insight is having a deeper interpretation and understanding of human behavior that potentially leads to opportunities.
Observation Techniques (SPRADLEY'S 9 Dimensions)
- Space: Layout of physical place (rooms, outdoor spaces)
- Actors: Relevant details of those involved.
- Activities: Various activities of actors.
- Objectives: Physical items present such as furniture and products.
- Acts: Single actions people do.
- Events: Related activities that people carry out.
- Time: The sequencing that takes place over time.
- Goals: Intended accomplishments.
- Feelings: Felt and expressed emotions.
AEIOU Observation Techniques
- Activity, Environment, Interaction, Object, User
Interviews
- Important for getting great design.
- Relaxation of the interviewee is important
- Conduct the interview in a timely manner and head in the right direction
- Concentrate on the customer not the documentation
- Ask open ended questions
- Listen and refrain from talking
- Encourage but do not influence
- Follow feelings
- Repeat to confirm and thank the customer
Effective Interview Questions
- Open-ended (explorative, affective, reflective, probing, analytical, clarifying)
Experimentation
- A key approach to approving or disapproving the soundness of an idea or hypothesis.
- Types are:
- Trying new experiences
- Taking apart products, processes, and ideas
- Testing ideas using pilots and prototypes
Scientific Method
- Ask a question
- Research the subject
- Create a hypothesis.
- Experiment to test the hypothesis.
- Assess data and conclude.
- Publish results and call others to expand.
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Description
Explore design thinking, an approach emphasizing empathy and innovative solutions. It combines human needs, technological feasibility, and viable business strategies. Understand its principles, including human-centricity, collaboration, and experimentation.
