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Descriptive Statistics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of inferential statistics?

To summarize features from a collection of information
To compare the difference between data from control to experimental groups
To make inferences about the overall underlying population based on sample data (correct)
To show the distribution of how frequently causes appear in a data set

What does a P-value represent?

The most frequent number or item
The average number in a data set
The middle number in a data set
The probability that the result from an experiment are due to chance (correct)

What is the effect of outliers on data analysis?

Does not impact the analysis significantly
Reduces the variability of the data
Improves the accuracy of measures of central tendency
Can greatly deviate results with extreme points, leading to misrepresentation of a group of numbers (correct)

What is a histogram used for?

An approximate representation of the distribution of numerical data (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a frequency distribution?

To show the distribution of how frequently causes appear in a data set (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of mean in statistics?

The average number in a data set (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a T-test in statistics?

To compare the difference between data from control to experimental groups (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 0.05 in experimental results?

It means there is less than 5% chance that the results are due to chance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlation coefficient (R) close to (-+)1 indicate?

A strong relationship between two variables (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive correlation coefficient indicate?

An upwards, increasing relationship (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the construct validity in an experiment?

A variable that the experimenter unintentionally or deliberately manipulates to promote desired results (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is empiricism?

The philosophical perspective that states knowledge should be gained by direct observation of the world (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a negative correlation coefficient indicate?

A downwards, decreasing relationship (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a case study?

An in-depth investigation of an individual person or a group of people over an extended period of time (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does a steep curve in a correlation plot indicate?

A stronger correlation (B) Signup and view all the answers