Descriptive Models in Decision-Making: The Design Phase
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of a descriptive model?

  • To automatically generate alternative solutions
  • To rank and measure the outcomes of different alternatives
  • To describe how a system or process works mathematically (correct)
  • To provide a solution to a problem
  • What is the most common method of descriptive modeling mentioned in the text?

  • Optimization modeling
  • Simulation (correct)
  • Satisficing
  • Linear programming
  • What is the key benefit of the 'good enough' or 'satisficing' approach to decision-making?

  • It allows for the automatic generation of alternatives
  • It ensures the best possible outcome
  • It saves time by seeking a desired level of performance rather than the best (correct)
  • It provides a more detailed mathematical description of the system
  • How are alternatives typically generated in most management science and systems (MSS) situations?

    <p>Manually, by the decision-maker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of group support systems (GSS) in generating alternatives?

    <p>GSS helps to generate alternatives manually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'principle of choice' mentioned in the text?

    <p>It is a technique used in the process of generating alternatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the criterion describe in decision-making?

    <p>The acceptability of a solution approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to normative models, what is the primary assumption about decision makers?

    <p>They have complete information about all alternatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of heuristic models in decision-making?

    <p>They relax unrealistic assumptions in models</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the design phase of decision-making, what does optimizing refer to?

    <p>Choosing the best alternative possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between normative and heuristic models in decision-making?

    <p>The number of alternatives considered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary assumption of rational decision makers according to the text?

    <p>They aim to maximize goal attainment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the possible scenarios that can be considered in the decision-making process?

    <p>Worst-case scenario</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase involves generating alternatives and making the actual decision?

    <p>Choice Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of search approach involves solving with a formula?

    <p>Analytic techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique uses step-by-step procedures to reach a decision?

    <p>Algorithms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In decision-making, what do heuristics refer to?

    <p>Rule of thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity involves analyzing the impact of changes in input variables on the output in decision-making?

    <p>Sensitivity analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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