Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of standardized research instruments?
What is a characteristic of standardized research instruments?
Which type of variable represents a measurable characteristic that changes in value?
Which type of variable represents a measurable characteristic that changes in value?
Which statement best describes a ratio variable?
Which statement best describes a ratio variable?
What is the role of an independent variable in research?
What is the role of an independent variable in research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of variable can take on an infinite number of values within a population?
Which type of variable can take on an infinite number of values within a population?
Signup and view all the answers
What defines an ordinal variable?
What defines an ordinal variable?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of variable is blood type considered?
What type of variable is blood type considered?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following reflects the definition of a dependent variable?
Which of the following reflects the definition of a dependent variable?
Signup and view all the answers
What does descriptive research primarily focus on?
What does descriptive research primarily focus on?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main distinction between correlation and causation?
What is the main distinction between correlation and causation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a characteristic of research?
Which of the following is a characteristic of research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the first step in the research process?
What is the first step in the research process?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement best describes experimental research?
Which statement best describes experimental research?
Signup and view all the answers
What does Depositario's F-F Theory emphasize as the first step?
What does Depositario's F-F Theory emphasize as the first step?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is a large sample size important in research?
Why is a large sample size important in research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes the term 'inquiry'?
Which of the following describes the term 'inquiry'?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Descriptive Research
- Focuses on describing phenomena through observation in natural contexts.
- Involves analysis and interpretation of existing conditions.
- Addresses fundamental questions: who, what, when, and where.
Relationships in Research
- Relationship refers to the correspondence between two variables.
- Correlation indicates a statistical association, while causation implies one variable directly affects another.
Experimental Research
- Known as True Experimental Research, it establishes cause-and-effect relationships.
- Researchers manipulate variables to observe effects systematically.
Research Definition
- Defined by Kerlinger (1973) as hypothetical propositions regarding relations in natural phenomena.
Characteristics of Research
- Empirical: Based on direct observations.
- Logical: Employs reasoning and valid procedures.
- Cyclical: Research findings can lead to further studies.
- Analytical: Utilizes analytical methods for data gathering and analysis.
- Critical: Requires precise judgment and careful analysis.
- Methodical: Adheres to appropriate methods and techniques.
- Replicable: Study design is repeatable to ensure validity.
Research Process
- Identifying the research problem.
- Reviewing relevant literature.
- Establishing research questions, objectives, and hypotheses.
- Selecting the appropriate study design.
- Deciding on sample design.
- Collecting data effectively.
- Processing and analyzing collected data.
- Writing the research report.
- Sharing the findings through written reports.
Depositario's F-F Theory
- Focus Facts: Identify key facts relevant to the inquiry.
- Find Facts: Gather necessary information.
- Filter Facts: Differentiate between essential and non-essential facts.
- Finalize Facts: Synthesize findings for clarity.
Inquiry vs. Research
- Inquiry is a motivation-driven learning process aimed at obtaining knowledge through questions.
- Research is a systematic method for solving problems or answering inquiries.
Importance of Sample Size
- A larger sample size is essential for meaningful statistical outcomes.
Objectivity in Research
- Objectivity ensures that data gathering and analysis are free from personal biases.
Data Collection and Analysis
- Standardized tools streamline data collection for large samples.
- Statistical tools facilitate quicker data analysis.
- Generalized data can be applied to a population through proper sampling techniques.
Variables in Research
- Independent Variable: Presumed cause that affects the dependent variable (e.g., studying hours impact test scores).
- Dependent Variable: The outcome affected by the independent variable (e.g., test grades).
Definitions and Types of Variables
- A variable is a measurable characteristic that changes in value (e.g., age, gender).
- Continuous Variables: Infinite possible values, such as height and temperature.
- Discrete Variables: Distinct values without fractions (e.g., sex, blood type).
Continuous Variable Types
- Interval Variable: Differences between values are meaningful (e.g., temperature).
- Ratio Variable: Has all interval properties with a meaningful zero value (e.g., height, weight).
Discrete Variable Types
- Nominal Variable: No quantitative value; categories with no implied order (e.g., eye color).
- Ordinal Variable: Ranked categories (e.g., performance levels).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz explores descriptive research methods, focusing on the observation and analysis of phenomena in their natural setting. It also examines the concepts of correlation and causation between variables, highlighting differences in their statistical associations and experimental analysis.
