Descriptive Analytics
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Which type of data store contains nodes and edges?

  • Key/Value
  • Columnar
  • Time Series
  • Graph (correct)

    • What guarantees that each transaction is treated as a single unit that either succeeds completely or fails completely?

  • Isolation
  • Consistency
  • Atomicity (correct)
  • Durability

    • A key/value store associates each data value with a unique key and is highly optimized for simple lookups. However, it is less suitable if you need to query data across different key/value stores. Which of the following is it optimized for?

  • Aggregating Data
  • Storing Complex Relationships
  • Querying by Value
  • Simple Lookups (correct)

    • To change the inventory quantity of Product1 to 270 in an inventory management database, which SQL statement should you use?

    <p>UPDATE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Azure service should you use to implement a relational database in Azure that minimizes ongoing maintenance?

    <p>Azure SQL Database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tool allows you to embed documents and query results into a SQL notebook?

    <p>Azure Data Studio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Your company recently reported sales from the third quarter. You have the chart shown in the exhibit. Which type of analysis is shown in the fourth quarter?

    <p>Predictive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is an example of Data Manipulation Language (DML)?

    <p>UPDATE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You need to modify a view in a relational database by adding a new column. Which statement should you use?

    <p>ALTER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Azure storage solution provides native support for POSIX-compliant access control lists (ACLs)?

    <p>Azure Data Lake Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of database is Azure Database for PostgreSQL?

    <p>Platform as a Service (PaaS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which storage solution supports access control lists (ACLs) at the file and folder level?

    <p>Azure Data Lake Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You have an e-commerce application that reads and writes data to an Azure SQL database. Which type of processing does the application use?

    <p>Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can you use an Azure Resource Manager template?

    <p>To automate the creation of an interdependent group of Azure resources in a repeatable way</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You have an Azure SQL database that you access directly from the Internet. After changing the public IP address of your computer, you can no longer access the database. What is a possible cause of the issue?

    <p>A database-level firewall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command-line tool can you use to query Azure SQL databases?

    <p>sqlcmd</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is an example of Data Definition Language (DDL)?

    <p>SELECT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You need to create an Azure Storage account that replicates data outside the Azure region automatically. Which two types of replication can you use for the storage account?

    <p>Read-access geo-redundant storage (RA-GRS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is an example of Data Manipulation Language (DML)?

    <p>INSERT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You have a SQL query that combines customer data and order data with calculated columns. What should you create to allow other users to rerun the same SQL query?

    <p>A view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of data to the appropriate Azure data services.

    <p>Image files = Azure Blob storage Relationship between employees = Azure Cosmos DB Gremlin API Key/value pairs = Azure Table Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 terms to the appropriate levels in the hierarchy.

    <p>Azure Storage account = Top-level Container = Azure file shares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two characteristics of real-time data processing?

    <p>Low latency is expected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You have a transactional application that stores data in an Azure SQL managed instance.When should you implement a read-only database replica?

    <p>You need to generate reports without affecting the transactional workload.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You need to query a table named Products in an Azure SQL database. Which three requirements must be met to query the table from the internet?

    <p>You must have a user in the database.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clause should you use in a SELECT statement to combine rows in one table with rows in another table?

    <p>JOIN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Your company needs to ensure that an Azure virtual machine can connect to Azure SQL databases without exposing the databases to the internet. What should you use?

    <p>Azure Private Link</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the Azure SQL services to the appropriate use cases.

    <p>Azure SQL Database single database = Scenarios with intermittent, unpredictable usage patterns and lower average compute utilization Azure SQL Managed Instance = Intelligent, scalable cloud database service with broad SQL Server database engine compatibility Azure SQL Database elastic pool = Cost-effective solution for managing and scaling multiple databases with varying usage demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is an example of Data Definition Language (DDL)?

    <p>DROP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When you create an Azure SQL database, which account can always connect to the database?

    <p>the server admin login account of the logical server</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To ensure that users use multi-factor authentication (MFA) when connecting to an Azure SQL database, which type of authentication should you use?

    <p>Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) authentication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the security components to the appropriate scenarios:

    <p>Server-level firewall = Blocks all access to the public endpoint for the server Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) = Protects data against the threat of malicious offline activity by encrypting data at rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Your company recently reported sales from the third quarter. You have the chart shown in the following exhibit. Which type of analysis is shown in the fourth quarter?

    <p>Predictive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is an example of Data Manipulation Language (DML)?

    <p>UPDATE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Azure storage solution provides native support for POSIX-compliant access control lists (ACLs)?

    <p>Azure Data Lake Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of database is Azure Database for PostgreSQL?

    <p>Platform as a service (PaaS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which storage solution supports access control lists (ACLs) at the file and folder level?

    <p>Azure Data Lake Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Descriptive Analytics

    • Descriptive analytics tells "What happened in the past".
    • It provides a summary of historical data to understand what happened.

    Data Normalization

    • Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database.
    • It includes creating tables and establishing relationships between them according to rules designed to protect the data and make the database more flexible.
    • Normalization eliminates redundancy and inconsistent dependency.

    Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL)

    • ETL is a data pipeline used to collect data from various sources.
    • It transforms the data according to business rules and loads it into a destination data store.

    Batch Processing

    • Batch processing is a type of data processing that involves processing large amounts of data in batches.
    • It may cause latency and is not suited for real-time or mission-critical applications.
    • Batch processing is often used for data analysis and reporting.

    Transcription

    • Transcription is the process of converting audio or video files to text.
    • It is similar to speech recognition and is a type of cognitive service.

    Analytics Types

    • Descriptive analytics answers the question "What's happening?"
    • Diagnostic analytics answers the question "Why's happening?"
    • Predictive analytics answers the question "What will happen?"
    • Prescriptive analytics answers the question "What actions should we take?"

    Star and Snowflake Schema

    • A star schema is a type of data mart schema that consists of one or more fact tables referencing any number of dimension tables.
    • A snowflake schema is a variation of the star schema that features normalized dimension tables.
    • The star schema is more effective for handling simpler queries, while the snowflake schema is more effective for handling complex queries.

    Indexes

    • Clustered indexes sort and store data rows in a table or view based on their key values.
    • There can be only one clustered index per table.
    • Non-clustered indexes do not affect the physical order of the data rows.

    Data Storage

    • Relational databases are optimized for writes and are suitable for structured data.
    • Non-relational databases are suitable for unstructured or semi-structured data.
    • Relational databases are more suitable for ACID transactions.

    Big Data Solutions

    • Big data solutions often use long-running batch jobs to filter, aggregate, and prepare data for analysis.
    • Batch processing can have output to SQL Database, Hive, HBase, or Spark SQL.

    ELT (Extract, Load, and Transform)

    • In ELT, data is extracted from the source, loaded into the target, and then transformed.
    • ELT is different from ETL, where the transformation occurs before loading the data into the target.

    Data Visualization

    • Tree maps are charts of colored rectangles, with size representing value.
    • Key influencer charts display the major contributors to a selected result or value.
    • Scatter and Bubble charts display relationships between 2 or 3 quantitative measures.

    Azure Storage

    • Zone-redundant storage (ZRS) and read-access geo-redundant storage (RA-GRS) are two types of replication that can be used for Azure Storage.
    • ZRS and RA-GRS provide automatic replication of data to a secondary region.

    PaaS (Platform as a Service)

    • PaaS includes infrastructure, middleware, development tools, and business intelligence services.
    • PaaS supports the complete web application lifecycle.
    • PaaS allows users to avoid the expense and complexity of buying and managing software licenses.

    Data Manipulation Language (DML)

    • DML statements affect the information stored in a database.
    • Examples of DML statements include INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.

    Views

    • A view is a virtual table whose contents are defined by a query.
    • Views act as a filter on the underlying tables referenced in the view.
    • Views can be used to simplify complex queries.

    Key/Value Store

    • A key/value store associates each data value with a unique key.
    • Key/value stores support simple query, insert, and delete operations.
    • Key/value stores are suitable for storing large amounts of unstructured or semi-structured data.

    Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2

    • Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 is a hierarchical storage system.
    • It consists of a storage account, containers, and folders.

    Real-time Data Processing

    • Real-time data processing deals with streams of data that are captured in real-time and processed with minimal latency.
    • Real-time data processing is used to generate real-time or near-real-time reports or automated responses.Here are the study notes for the text:

    Azure Data Factory Components

    • Dataset: Created from paths in Azure datastores or public web URLs, for data to be accessible by Azure Machine Learning.
    • Linked service: Connection strings that define connection information needed for Data Factory to connect to external resources.
    • Pipeline: Logical grouping of activities that together perform a task.

    Types of Workloads

    • Batch processing: Processing of blocks of data that have already been stored over a period of time.
    • Stream processing: Processing of data in real-time as it arrives, detecting conditions within a small period of time from the point of receiving the data.

    Extract, Load, and Transform (ELT) Process

    • Extract: Data is extracted from the CRM system.
    • Load: Data is loaded to the data warehouse.
    • Transform: Transformation occurs in the target data store (data warehouse) using its processing capabilities.

    Data Analysis Types

    • Descriptive: Analyzes what's happening?
    • Diagnostic: Analyzes why something happened?
    • Predictive: Analyzes what will happen?
    • Prescriptive: Analyzes what actions to take?

    Data Manipulation Language (DML)

    • Affects the information stored in the database.
    • Includes statements such as: BULK INSERT, DELETE, INSERT INTO, UPDATE, MERGE.

    Database Hosting Models

    • IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Provides a virtual machine where you can install and configure your database.
    • PaaS (Platform as a Service): Provides a managed platform for deploying and managing your database.

    Storage Solutions

    • Azure Data Lake Storage: Supports access control lists (ACLs) at the file and folder level.
    • Azure Table storage: NO SQL, key-value pair storage.
    • Azure Files: Provides a fully managed file system in the cloud.

    Analytics

    • Cognitive analytics: Uses machine learning, AI, and deep learning to identify patterns and make predictions.

    Database Concepts

    • Index: A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval.
    • View: A virtual table based on the result of a SELECT statement.
    • Stored procedure: A set of instructions that can be executed on the database server.

    Data Storage

    • Graph database: Designed to store and query large amounts of graph data.
    • Relational database: Stores data in tables with well-defined schemas.
    • NoSQL database: Stores data in a variety of formats such as key-value, document, graph, and column-family stores.### Data Storage
    • Key/Value stores:
      • Associate each data value with a unique key
      • Optimized for simple lookups
      • Not suitable for querying data across different key/value stores
      • Not optimized for querying by value
      • Can be extremely scalable, easily distributing data across multiple nodes
    • Semi-structured data:
      • Bridge between structured and unstructured data
      • Does not have a predefined data model
      • More complex than structured data, yet easier to store than unstructured data
      • Examples: JSON, CSV, XML

    Transactional Workloads

    • Atomicity:
      • Guarantees that each transaction is treated as a single unit that either succeeds completely or fails completely
      • Purpose: prevent different transactions from interfering with one another
      • Enforced by refusing to start any transaction until the previous one has committed

    Database Management

    • SQL Server on Azure VM:
      • Falls under Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) category
      • Allows running SQL Server inside a fully managed virtual machine (VM) in Azure
      • Provides full control over the database engine
    • Graph databases:
      • Store two types of information: nodes and edges
      • Edges specify relationships between nodes
      • Nodes and edges can have properties that provide information about that node or edge
      • Edges can also have a direction indicating the nature of the relationship

    Data Analysis

    • Data analyst:
      • Primary skill set: data acquisition, handling, and processing
      • Requires intermediate level understanding of programming to build algorithms
      • Mastery of statistics and math is also necessary
    • Data engineer:
      • Requires intermediate level understanding of programming to build algorithms
      • Mastery of statistics and math is also necessary
    • Data scientist:
      • Needs to be a master of both worlds (data, stats, and math) and in-depth programming knowledge for Machine Learning and Deep Learning

    SQL Queries

    • UPDATE statement:
      • Used to update existing rows
      • Example: change the inventory quantity of a product
    • ALTER statement:
      • Used to add, delete, or modify columns
    • INSERT statement:
      • Used to insert new rows
    • CREATE statement:
      • Used to create new tables or databases

    Azure Services

    • Azure SQL Database:
      • Provides a managed relational database service
      • Minimizes ongoing maintenance
    • Azure Data Studio:
      • A cross-platform database tool that allows embedding documents and query results into a SQL notebook
      • Supports Azure SQL databases, SQL Server, and other databases
    • Azure Resource Manager (ARM) templates:
      • Used to automate the creation of an interdependent group of Azure resources in a repeatable way
      • Define infrastructure and configuration for a project in a JSON file
      • Use declarative syntax to specify what to deploy without having to write the sequence of programming commands

    Database Security

    • Azure SQL Database firewall:
      • Lets you decide which IP addresses can or cannot access your Azure SQL Server or Azure SQL Database
      • Needs to be configured before anyone can access the database
    • Azure Defender:
      • Provides security alerts and advanced threat protection for virtual machines, SQL databases, containers, web applications, and more

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    DP-900-1_99 PDF Past Paper

    Description

    This quiz tests your understanding of descriptive analytics, its role in analyzing past data, and its differences with other types of analytics.

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