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Questions and Answers
What is the thick layer of connective tissue attached to the epidermis?
What is the thick layer of connective tissue attached to the epidermis?
Dermis
What types of structures does the dermis contain?
What types of structures does the dermis contain?
How many sub-layers does the dermis contain?
How many sub-layers does the dermis contain?
Two
What type of connective tissue makes up the papillary layer?
What type of connective tissue makes up the papillary layer?
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What type of connective tissue makes up the reticular layer?
What type of connective tissue makes up the reticular layer?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypodermis layer?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypodermis layer?
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What is the term for the process of skin repair?
What is the term for the process of skin repair?
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What is the first phase of the cutaneous wound healing process?
What is the first phase of the cutaneous wound healing process?
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What is the last stage of the cutaneous wound healing process?
What is the last stage of the cutaneous wound healing process?
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The process of cutaneous wound healing is the same regardless of the wound size.
The process of cutaneous wound healing is the same regardless of the wound size.
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Which of the following is true about thin skin?
Which of the following is true about thin skin?
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What is the predominant cell type in the epidermis?
What is the predominant cell type in the epidermis?
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What type of connective tissue is found in the dermal papillae?
What type of connective tissue is found in the dermal papillae?
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What type of sensory receptor is found in dermal papillae?
What type of sensory receptor is found in dermal papillae?
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What type of collagen is present in the reticular layer?
What type of collagen is present in the reticular layer?
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The reticular layer is directly attached to the hypodermis.
The reticular layer is directly attached to the hypodermis.
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What type of sensory receptors are found in the reticular layer?
What type of sensory receptors are found in the reticular layer?
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What are the cells in the stratum basale called?
What are the cells in the stratum basale called?
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Study Notes
The Dermis
- The dermis is a thick layer of connective tissue underlying the epidermis
- It's attached to the epidermis and extends into the subcutaneous tissue
- It's composed of fibrous connective tissue and contains arterioles to deliver oxygen, glucose, water and ions to the epidermis and its structures
- It contains hair follicles, piloerector muscles, sebaceous glands, and sudoriferous (sweat) glands, as well as nerves and nerve receptors for detecting sensations
- The dermis is divided into two sublayers:
Papillary Layer
- This layer is composed of loose connective tissue
- It fills the hollows (dermal papillae) at the deep surface of the epidermis
- It contains capillaries frequently
- The collagen fibers are finer than in the reticular layer
Reticular Layer
- This layer is denser and has fewer cells compared to the papillary layer
- It contains thick collagen fibers (5-10 µm), often bundled together (up to 100 µm thick)
- These fibers form an interlacing network with a predominant orientation parallel to the skin's surface
- The orientation of the fibers varies in different parts of the body
Skin Repair/Wound Healing
- Skin has a strong capacity for repair, vital for healing wounds
- The process involves overlapping stages, varying in duration depending on wound size.
- Initially, blood from blood vessels coagulates, releasing growth factors and chemokines, while neutrophils and macrophages remove debris and bacteria.
- Inflammation typically lasts 2-3 days, in which epithelial cells migrate beneath the blood clot.
- Fibroblasts and newly formed blood vessels form granulation tissue to replace the clot
- Eventually, skin continuity is re-established, although the ability to regenerate hair or glands may be lost
- Scarring may occur if significant tissue damage or loss has happened
Integumentary System Summary
- The integumentary system consists of the skin (epidermis and dermis) and its derivatives.
- The epidermis is non-vascular, stratified squamous epithelium that protects against water loss and pathogens.
- The dermis, vascular and deep to the epidermis, is composed of irregular connective tissue supporting skin structures and providing sensation.
Epidermis (Thick vs Thin Skin)
- Thick skin covers palms and soles, lacking hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and smooth muscle.
- Thin skin covers most other body parts, containing hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and arrector pili muscles.
- The major cell type in the epidermis is keratinocytes.
- Other cells include melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel's cells
- The dermis is separated from the epidermis by a basement membrane
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Description
Explore the fascinating structure of the dermis, the connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis. This quiz covers its components, including the papillary and reticular layers, and their respective functions. Test your knowledge on the anatomy of skin and its vital role in sensation and support.
