Tumor

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Questions and Answers

Which biologic drug is used for treating melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation?

  • Imatinib
  • Ipilimumab
  • Rituximab
  • Vemurafenib (correct)

In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?

  • Dacarbazine
  • Pembrolizumab (correct)
  • Ipilimumab
  • Nivolumab

Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?

  • Vemurafenib
  • Cobimetinib
  • Ipilimumab (correct)
  • Trametinib

What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>CTLA-4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologic drug targets the MEK pathway in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>Trametinib (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of melanoma, what is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib?

<p>C-KIT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used as a third-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?

<p>IL2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Ipilimumab in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>CTLA-4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

9

<p>(A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Case of melanoma with spread to LN, what is the treatment?

<p>Nivolumab (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the mechanism of action of Vismodegib?

<p>Activate hedgehog pathway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?

<p>Tendon calcification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step in the management of a patient with iatrogenic Kaposi and no systemic affection while on azathioprine & prednisolone?

<p>Add chemotherapy for Kaposi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene product is associated with Gorlin Syndrome?

<p>A membrane-bound receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tumor is indicated by a scalp lesion showing keratoacanthoma?

<p>Surgical excision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Bleomycin for intralesional therapy?

<p>Promote apoptosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What immunohistochemical stain would be helpful in making the diagnosis of Lymphomatoid papulosis?

<p>CD30 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Activation of which protein leads to cell cycle arrest?

<p>P21 (CDK inhibitor) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?

<p>CTCL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The histopathology of spindle cells in a storiform pattern is associated with which genetic abnormality?

<p>Deletion ch16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a male patient presenting with plaque pigmentation on the leg and testing positive for HHV8, what treatment would be most appropriate?

<p>Sirolimus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of keratoacanthoma with intralesional therapy?

<p>Bleomycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best treatment for a patient with mycosis fungoides, patch stage for 3 years?

<p>Phototherapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein inhibits the BCl2 apoptosis inhibitor, leading to cell death?

<p>Puma (apoptosis inducer) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another site where a small yellow nodule on the scalp, as seen in a small girl, might occur?

<p>Eye (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does activation of P21 (CDK inhibitor) affect the cell cycle?

<p>Leads to cell cycle arrest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with recurrent crops of papules that ulcerate and then spontaneously heal with hyperpigmentation. What is the treatment for lymphomatoid papulosis?

<p>Methotrexate (MTX) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next investigation for an ulcerated melanoma with a Breslow depth of 0.85?

<p>SLNB (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common malignant tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?

<p>Sebaceous carcinoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Muir-Torre syndrome (Lynch syndrome), what DNA repair gene is missing in the presence of a lesion formed of basaloid cells and sebaceous gland on the nose?

<p>MSH6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Actinic Keratosis if it presents as multiple lesions?

<p>Excision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the histopathology of Squamous Cell Carcinoma, what is the typical site of the lesion?

<p>Back (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common benign tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?

<p>Trichoblastoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step for a brown lesion on the back that has been present for 6 weeks?

<p>Biopsy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene defect is associated with Birt-hogg-Dube syndrome?

<p><strong>Folliculin (FLCN) on Ch17</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a case of malignant melanoma with a Breslow depth of invasion measuring 0.8mm, what is the safety margin of excision (in mm)?

<p>10 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient presents with scaly plaques on hands and feet, and has a history of Bazex syndrome, what associated neoplasm should be considered?

<p>Thyroid cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologic drug targets the MEK pathway in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>Trametinib (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a case of melanoma with spread to LN, what is the first-line biologic treatment?

<p>Pembrolizumab (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene defect is associated with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome?

<p>FLCN (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>C-KIT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?

<p>Ipilimumab (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Vismodegib?

<p>Inhibits Hedgehog signaling pathway (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Bleomycin for intralesional therapy?

<p>Induce DNA damage and lead to apoptosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene defect is associated with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome?

<p>Deletion ch16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?

<p>Increase muscle weakness as it is pilomatricoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The protein product of the gene PTCH1 is which of the following? (Gorlin syndrome)

<p>A membrane-bound receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>Block the PD-1 receptor on T cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?

<p>Nilotinib (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step in the management of a patient with iatrogenic Kaposi and no systemic affection while on azathioprine & prednisolone?

<p>Stop azathioprine and prednisolone immediately (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step in the management of iatrogenic Kaposi without systemic affection in a patient on azathioprine and prednisolone?

<p>Decrease dose of drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a patient with a highly progressive scalp tumor, what is the most appropriate treatment?

<p>Mohs surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a male patient with a mass in his face showing vimentin positive, S100 negative, and CD 68 positive spindle-shaped cells, what type of tumor is most likely present?

<p>Atypical fibroxanthoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?

<p>CTCL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a case of Kaposi and HHV8 positivity, what would be the most appropriate treatment?

<p>Sirolimus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chromosome is associated with cylindroma?

<p>17 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment would be most appropriate for a single lesion of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma?

<p>Excision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a case of a tumor on the nose resembling keratoacanthoma or sebaceous carcinoma, which gene mutation is most likely present?

<p>Mismatch repair gene 1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next investigation needed for Langerhans cell histiocytosis?

<p>X-ray on Spine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protein inhibits the BCl2 apoptosis inhibitor, leading to cell death?

<p>PUMA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the histopathology of spindle cells in a storiform pattern, which genetic abnormality is associated?

<p>Birt-hogg-Dube syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Ipilimumab in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>AKT (P13K AKT inhibit cell cycle arrest and apoptosis) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common benign tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?

<p>Trichoblastoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?

<p>Sonidegib (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next investigation for an ulcerated melanoma with a Breslow depth of 0.85?

<p>Sentinel LN biopsy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene defect is associated with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome?

<p>Folliculin (FLCN) on Ch17 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?

<p>Langerhans cell histiocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is present in H/E of porokeratosis?

<p>Parakeratosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of melanoma, what is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib?

<p>KIT mutation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?

<p>Merkel cell carcinoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step for a brown lesion on the back that has been present for 6 weeks?

<p>Biopsy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>PD-1 receptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Vemurafenib and its alternative if not chosen?

<p>BRAF V600E; Trametinib (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of melanoma, what is the first-line biologic treatment for patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?

<p>Pembrolizumab (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Cobimetinib and its alternative if not chosen?

<p>MEK; Trametinib (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene mutation is most likely present in a case of a tumor on the nose resembling keratoacanthoma or sebaceous carcinoma?

<p>BRAF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biologic drug is used for treating melanoma with PD-1 negative?

<p>Ipilimumab (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>C-KIT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate treatment for a patient with iatrogenic Kaposi and no systemic affection while on azathioprine & prednisolone?

<p>Shave excision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient has a scalp tumor that appears to be keratoacanthoma. What would be the better treatment option between injection of Bleomycin or MTX?

<p>Bleomycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a case of a highly progressive tumor in the scalp, what would be the most likely diagnosis?

<p>Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 40-year-old female presents with a generalized purpuric eruption all over her body and a sole ulcer. What is the most appropriate treatment option?

<p>Cyclosporin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A small girl has a small yellow nodule on her scalp, what is another site where this type of lesion might occur?

<p>Eye (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?

<p>CTCL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a case of Sezary syndrome, how long should the patient take contraception?

<p>9 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of P53?

<p>PUMA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What DNA repair gene is missing in the presence of a lesion formed of basaloid cells and sebaceous gland on the nose?

<p>Mitosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best treatment for a patient with mycosis fungoides, patch stage for 3 years?

<p>Nitrogen mustard topical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next investigation needed for Langerhans cell histiocytosis?

<p>X-ray on: Cranium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next investigation needed for a patient with Langerhans cell histiocytosis?

<p>Bone marrow biopsy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a case of melanoma with spread to bilateral lymph nodes, what is the second-line biologic treatment?

<p>Ipilimumab (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Muir-Torre syndrome (Lynch syndrome), what DNA repair gene is missing in the presence of a lesion formed of basaloid cells and sebaceous gland on the nose?

<p>MSH2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common benign tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?

<p>Trichoblastoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?

<p>Trametinib (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Vismodegib?

<p>PTCH1 gene mutation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>KIT and PDGFRA mutations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?

<p>Nivolumab (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is present in H/E of keratoacanthoma?

<p>Parakeratosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with widespread porokeratosis, what is the treatment?

<p>Cryotherapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Vismodegib?

<p>Inhibit smoothed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The protein product of the gene PTCH1, associated with Gorlin Syndrome, is:

<p>A membrane-bound receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?

<p>Increase muscle weakness as it is pilomatricoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?

<p>PD-1 receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a patient with a mass in his face showing vimentin positive, S100 negative, and CD 68 positive spindle-shaped cells, what type of tumor is most likely present?

<p>Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of keratoacanthoma with intralesional therapy?

<p>Lead to rapid regression of lesion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?

<p>Pembrolizumab (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next investigation needed for Langerhans cell histiocytosis?

<p>Immunohistochemical staining for CD1a and S100 protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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