107 Questions
Which biologic drug is used for treating melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation?
Vemurafenib
In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?
Pembrolizumab
Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?
Ipilimumab
What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?
CTLA-4
Which biologic drug targets the MEK pathway in the treatment of melanoma?
Trametinib
In the treatment of melanoma, what is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib?
C-KIT
Which drug is used as a third-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?
IL2
What is the target of Ipilimumab in the treatment of melanoma?
CTLA-4
9
Case of melanoma with spread to LN, what is the treatment?
Nivolumab
Which of the following is the mechanism of action of Vismodegib?
Activate hedgehog pathway
What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?
Tendon calcification
What is the next step in the management of a patient with iatrogenic Kaposi and no systemic affection while on azathioprine & prednisolone?
Add chemotherapy for Kaposi
Which gene product is associated with Gorlin Syndrome?
A membrane-bound receptor
What type of tumor is indicated by a scalp lesion showing keratoacanthoma?
Surgical excision
What is the mechanism of action of Bleomycin for intralesional therapy?
Promote apoptosis
What immunohistochemical stain would be helpful in making the diagnosis of Lymphomatoid papulosis?
CD30
Activation of which protein leads to cell cycle arrest?
P21 (CDK inhibitor)
What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?
CTCL
The histopathology of spindle cells in a storiform pattern is associated with which genetic abnormality?
Deletion ch16
In a male patient presenting with plaque pigmentation on the leg and testing positive for HHV8, what treatment would be most appropriate?
Sirolimus
What is the association of keratoacanthoma with intralesional therapy?
Bleomycin
What is the best treatment for a patient with mycosis fungoides, patch stage for 3 years?
Phototherapy
Which protein inhibits the BCl2 apoptosis inhibitor, leading to cell death?
Puma (apoptosis inducer)
What is another site where a small yellow nodule on the scalp, as seen in a small girl, might occur?
Eye
How does activation of P21 (CDK inhibitor) affect the cell cycle?
Leads to cell cycle arrest
A patient presents with recurrent crops of papules that ulcerate and then spontaneously heal with hyperpigmentation. What is the treatment for lymphomatoid papulosis?
Methotrexate (MTX)
What is the next investigation for an ulcerated melanoma with a Breslow depth of 0.85?
SLNB
What is the most common malignant tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?
Sebaceous carcinoma
In the context of Muir-Torre syndrome (Lynch syndrome), what DNA repair gene is missing in the presence of a lesion formed of basaloid cells and sebaceous gland on the nose?
MSH6
What is the treatment for Actinic Keratosis if it presents as multiple lesions?
Excision
In the histopathology of Squamous Cell Carcinoma, what is the typical site of the lesion?
Back
What is the most common benign tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?
Trichoblastoma
What is the next step for a brown lesion on the back that has been present for 6 weeks?
Biopsy
Which gene defect is associated with Birt-hogg-Dube syndrome?
Folliculin (FLCN) on Ch17
In a case of malignant melanoma with a Breslow depth of invasion measuring 0.8mm, what is the safety margin of excision (in mm)?
10 mm
If a patient presents with scaly plaques on hands and feet, and has a history of Bazex syndrome, what associated neoplasm should be considered?
Thyroid cancer
Which biologic drug targets the MEK pathway in the treatment of melanoma?
Trametinib
In a case of melanoma with spread to LN, what is the first-line biologic treatment?
Pembrolizumab
Which gene defect is associated with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome?
FLCN
What is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib in the treatment of melanoma?
C-KIT
Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?
Ipilimumab
What is the mechanism of action of Vismodegib?
Inhibits Hedgehog signaling pathway
What is the mechanism of action of Bleomycin for intralesional therapy?
Induce DNA damage and lead to apoptosis
Which gene defect is associated with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome?
Deletion ch16
What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?
Increase muscle weakness as it is pilomatricoma
The protein product of the gene PTCH1 is which of the following? (Gorlin syndrome)
A membrane-bound receptor
What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?
Block the PD-1 receptor on T cells
Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?
Nilotinib
What is the next step in the management of a patient with iatrogenic Kaposi and no systemic affection while on azathioprine & prednisolone?
Stop azathioprine and prednisolone immediately
What is the next step in the management of iatrogenic Kaposi without systemic affection in a patient on azathioprine and prednisolone?
Decrease dose of drugs
In a patient with a highly progressive scalp tumor, what is the most appropriate treatment?
Mohs surgery
In a male patient with a mass in his face showing vimentin positive, S100 negative, and CD 68 positive spindle-shaped cells, what type of tumor is most likely present?
Atypical fibroxanthoma
What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?
CTCL
In a case of Kaposi and HHV8 positivity, what would be the most appropriate treatment?
Sirolimus
Which chromosome is associated with cylindroma?
17
What treatment would be most appropriate for a single lesion of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma?
Excision
In a case of a tumor on the nose resembling keratoacanthoma or sebaceous carcinoma, which gene mutation is most likely present?
Mismatch repair gene 1
What is the next investigation needed for Langerhans cell histiocytosis?
X-ray on Spine
What protein inhibits the BCl2 apoptosis inhibitor, leading to cell death?
PUMA
In the histopathology of spindle cells in a storiform pattern, which genetic abnormality is associated?
Birt-hogg-Dube syndrome
What is the target of Ipilimumab in the treatment of melanoma?
AKT (P13K AKT inhibit cell cycle arrest and apoptosis)
What is the most common benign tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?
Trichoblastoma
In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?
Sonidegib
What is the next investigation for an ulcerated melanoma with a Breslow depth of 0.85?
Sentinel LN biopsy
Which gene defect is associated with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome?
Folliculin (FLCN) on Ch17
What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
What is present in H/E of porokeratosis?
Parakeratosis
In the treatment of melanoma, what is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib?
KIT mutation
What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?
Merkel cell carcinoma
What is the next step for a brown lesion on the back that has been present for 6 weeks?
Biopsy
What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?
PD-1 receptor
What is the target of Vemurafenib and its alternative if not chosen?
BRAF V600E; Trametinib
In the treatment of melanoma, what is the first-line biologic treatment for patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?
Pembrolizumab
What is the target of Cobimetinib and its alternative if not chosen?
MEK; Trametinib
Which gene mutation is most likely present in a case of a tumor on the nose resembling keratoacanthoma or sebaceous carcinoma?
BRAF
Which biologic drug is used for treating melanoma with PD-1 negative?
Ipilimumab
What is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib in the treatment of melanoma?
C-KIT
What is the most appropriate treatment for a patient with iatrogenic Kaposi and no systemic affection while on azathioprine & prednisolone?
Shave excision
A patient has a scalp tumor that appears to be keratoacanthoma. What would be the better treatment option between injection of Bleomycin or MTX?
Bleomycin
In a case of a highly progressive tumor in the scalp, what would be the most likely diagnosis?
Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma
A 40-year-old female presents with a generalized purpuric eruption all over her body and a sole ulcer. What is the most appropriate treatment option?
Cyclosporin
A small girl has a small yellow nodule on her scalp, what is another site where this type of lesion might occur?
Eye
What is the commonest malignancy transformation associated with lymphomatoid papulosis?
CTCL
In a case of Sezary syndrome, how long should the patient take contraception?
9 months
What is the mechanism of action of P53?
PUMA
What DNA repair gene is missing in the presence of a lesion formed of basaloid cells and sebaceous gland on the nose?
Mitosis
What is the best treatment for a patient with mycosis fungoides, patch stage for 3 years?
Nitrogen mustard topical
What is the next investigation needed for Langerhans cell histiocytosis?
X-ray on: Cranium
What is the next investigation needed for a patient with Langerhans cell histiocytosis?
Bone marrow biopsy
In a case of melanoma with spread to bilateral lymph nodes, what is the second-line biologic treatment?
Ipilimumab
In the context of Muir-Torre syndrome (Lynch syndrome), what DNA repair gene is missing in the presence of a lesion formed of basaloid cells and sebaceous gland on the nose?
MSH2
What is the most common benign tumor arising from nevus sebaceous?
Trichoblastoma
Which drug is used as a second-line treatment for melanoma in patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs?
Trametinib
What is the target of Vismodegib?
PTCH1 gene mutation
What is the target of Imatinib and Nilotinib in the treatment of melanoma?
KIT and PDGFRA mutations
In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?
Nivolumab
What is present in H/E of keratoacanthoma?
Parakeratosis
In patients with widespread porokeratosis, what is the treatment?
Cryotherapy
What is the mechanism of action of Vismodegib?
Inhibit smoothed
The protein product of the gene PTCH1, associated with Gorlin Syndrome, is:
A membrane-bound receptor
What is the association of a skin-colored solitary nodule under the eye in a child with Von Kossa stain positive?
Increase muscle weakness as it is pilomatricoma
What is the target of Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab in the treatment of melanoma?
PD-1 receptor
In a patient with a mass in his face showing vimentin positive, S100 negative, and CD 68 positive spindle-shaped cells, what type of tumor is most likely present?
Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor
What is the association of keratoacanthoma with intralesional therapy?
Lead to rapid regression of lesion
In patients with metastasis involving less than 5 organs, what is the first-line biologic treatment for melanoma?
Pembrolizumab
What is the next investigation needed for Langerhans cell histiocytosis?
Immunohistochemical staining for CD1a and S100 protein
Test your knowledge of dermatology treatment options and management strategies for conditions such as iatrogenic Kaposi, keratoacanthoma, and scalp tumors. Explore the next steps in managing patients on azathioprine and prednisolone with specific dermatological complications.
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