Dermatology Chapter 7 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is dermatology?

Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.

Who is a dermatologist?

A physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.

What kind of education do you need to be a dermatologist?

4 years of college, 4 years of medical school, and 4 years of specialty training in dermatology.

What does an esthetician specialize in?

Cleansing, beautification, and preservation of the health of skin on the entire body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest organ in the body?

Skin Signup and view all the answers

What can cosmetologists do to the skin?

Clean skin, preserve the health of skin, and beautify the skin. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the skin of an average adult.

3,000 square inches and weighs 6-9 pounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the thinnest skin on the body?

Eyelids Signup and view all the answers

What is the thickest skin on the body?

Palms and the soles of the feet. Signup and view all the answers

What does skin protect?

Skin protects the network of muscles, bones, nerves, blood vessels, and everything else inside our bodies. Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of healthy skin?

Slightly moist, soft and flexible, smooth fine grain texture, reacts quickly, slightly acidic - pH level 4.5-5.5. Signup and view all the answers

What are the appendages of the skin?

Hair, nails, sudoriferous (sweat) glands, sebaceous (oil) glands. Signup and view all the answers

What is a callus?

Continued, repeated pressure on any part of the skin can cause it to thicken and develop a callus. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the skin on the body and the skin of the scalp?

The scalp has larger and deeper hair follicles to accommodate the longer hair of the head. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main divisions the skin is composed of?

Epidermis and dermis. Signup and view all the answers

How many layers does the epidermis have?

5 layers. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Germinativum. Signup and view all the answers

What is keratin?

Fibrous protein that is also the principal component of hair and nails. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dermis?

The underlying or inner layer of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two layers the dermis is comprised of?

Papillary (superficial layer) and Reticular (deeper layer). Signup and view all the answers

What does the reticular layer contain?

Fat Cells, Blood vessels, Lymph vessels, Sebaceous (oil) glands, Sudoriferous (sweat) glands, Hair follicles, Arrector Pili Muscles, Nerve Endings. Signup and view all the answers

What are the six principal functions of the skin? (Select all that apply)

Excretion Signup and view all the answers

What are some effects of an unhealthful diet?

Skin disorders, fatigue, stress, depression, and some diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What are the six classes of nutrients that the body needs?

Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water. Signup and view all the answers

What are the guidelines to assist people with a balanced diet?

Eat a variety of foods, high in fresh fruits and vegetables, low in fats, moderate amounts of salt and sugar, drink adequate water, minimize alcohol consumption, balance diet with physical activity, maintain or improve weight. Signup and view all the answers

What does Vitamin A do for the skin?

Supports overall skin health and aids in the health, function, and repair of skin cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does Vitamin C do for the skin?

Important for proper repair of skin and tissues; aids in healing and promotes collagen production. Signup and view all the answers

What does Vitamin D do for the skin?

Enables proper absorption of calcium and promotes rapid healing of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What does Vitamin E do for the skin?

Helps protect the skin from harmful UV light effects. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skin Structure and Functions

Dermatology focuses on skin nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatments.
The skin is the largest organ, averaging 3,000 square inches and weighing between 6-9 pounds.
Skin has protective qualities, safeguarding muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels from the environment.
Healthy skin characteristics: slightly moist, soft, flexible, smooth, and slightly acidic (pH 4.5-5.5).

Skin Layers

Skin consists of two main divisions: the epidermis (outer) and dermis (inner).
The epidermis has five layers: stratum corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, and germinativum, with the germinativum being the deepest layer producing new cells.
The dermis contains connective tissue and is significantly thicker than the epidermis, housing blood vessels, nerve endings, glands, and hair follicles.

Skin Appendages and Glands

Skin appendages include hair, nails, sweat glands (sudoriferous), and oil glands (sebaceous).
Sudoriferous glands regulate body temperature and eliminate waste, excreting about 1-2 pints of sweat daily.
Sebaceous glands produce sebum, which lubricates the skin and hair, keeping them soft.

Nutrition and Skin Health

Skin requires nutrients from a balanced diet, which includes carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
Vitamins A, C, D, and E are vital for skin health, promoting healing, elasticity, and UV protection.
A nutritious diet aids in hydration, oil production, and overall cellular function, while poor nutrition can lead to skin disorders and fatigue.

Melanin and Skin Color

Skin color, determined by melanin levels, comes in two types: pheomelanin (red to yellow) and eumelanin (dark brown to black).
Melanin serves the purpose of protecting underlying cells from UV damage.

Nerve Fibers and Sensation

The skin is equipped with three nerve types: motor fibers (control muscles), sensory fibers (detect sensations), and secretory fibers (control gland activity).
The papillary layer of the dermis hosts nerve endings for sensing touch, pain, temperature, and pressure.

Skin Disorders

Conditions like acne (caused by inflammation in sebaceous glands) and comedones (clogged hair follicles) affect skin appearance and health.

Guidelines for Healthy Skin

A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is crucial for maintaining healthy skin.
Staying hydrated and minimizing processed food intake aid in nutrient absorption and skin clarity.
Regular physical activity is important in maintaining overall skin and body health.

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Description

Explore key concepts of dermatology with this flashcard quiz. Chapter 7 covers skin structure, growth, and nutrition, providing essential definitions and insights. Perfect for students pursuing a career in skincare and medicine.