Dentistry Chapter 16 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of enamel hypoplasia?

Disturbance during the formation of the enamel matrix (correct)

Mineral deficiency during the mineralization stage

Chemical erosion of the enamel

Mechanical wear of the enamel

During which stage does hypomineralization occur?

Formation stage of the enamel matrix

Last stages of mineralization

Mineralization stage of the enamel (correct)

Development stage of the dentin

What classification is used for single pit carious lesions?

III

I (correct)

What is the first clinical evidence of a carious lesion?

Subsurface demineralization Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic appearance of hypomaturation?

Opaque or discolored enamel Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dental caries is characterized by rapid progression in multiple areas?

Rampant caries Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

Genetic dysplasia Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of root caries is characterized as non-cavitated and discolored?

Initial lesion Signup and view all the answers

What condition involves the wearing away of a tooth due to tooth-to-tooth contact?

Attrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the main basis of Angle's classification system?

The relationship of the first molars Signup and view all the answers

Which class of malocclusion is characterized by the mandible being positioned further back than normal?

Class II Signup and view all the answers

What does the classification 'V' refer to in Black’s classification of carious lesions?

Cervical Signup and view all the answers

What chemical process results in the loss of tooth substance without bacterial action?

Erosion Signup and view all the answers

Which type of forces causes abrasion in teeth?

Mechanical forces other than mastication Signup and view all the answers

What defines an open bite in dental terms?

Lack of contact between maxillary and mandibular teeth Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes caries that occur next to or under an existing restoration?

Recurrent caries Signup and view all the answers

How is overjet quantified in dental measurements?

By the distance between incisal surfaces of opposing teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of normal occlusion?

Ideal mechanical relationship Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganisms are primarily responsible for initiating dental caries?

Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus Signup and view all the answers

What risk factor is associated with the development of root caries?

History of root caries Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a tooth that is depressed below the line of occlusion?

Infraversion Signup and view all the answers

What type of bite is characterized by the incisal edges of anterior teeth touching without overlap?

Edge-to-Edge Bite Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for when maxillary teeth are positioned lingual to the mandibular teeth?

Underjet Signup and view all the answers

Which type of occlusion is described as having normal molar relationships?

Angle's Class I Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of closed arches in primary teeth?

They put the child at risk for crowding of the permanent dentition. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes primary occlusal trauma from secondary occlusal trauma?

Primary trauma occurs with normal bone support, while secondary trauma involves bone loss. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of occlusion relates to the arrangement of teeth when the jaws are open?

Static occlusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proximal contacts between adjacent teeth?

They help withstand masticatory forces and maintain arch integrity. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of dynamic occlusion?

To facilitate normal actions like chewing and swallowing. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential effect of occlusal trauma?

It may accelerate progression of periodontal disease. Signup and view all the answers

How does a terminal plane occlusion affect permanent molar eruption?

It allows permanent molars to erupt in end-to-end occlusion. Signup and view all the answers

Which surfaces determine the anterior guidance during lateral excursion of the mandible?

Canines Signup and view all the answers

What marks the beginning of the formation of primary (deciduous) dentition?

Begins in utero Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT observed during dental charting?

Patient's medical history Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tooth arrangement occurs during the mixed or transitional dentition stage?

A mix of primary and permanent teeth Signup and view all the answers

What type of examination should NOT be used to assess non-carious lesions?

Sharp explorer tip examination Signup and view all the answers

What defines functional occlusion?

The necessary contacts between opposing teeth during function Signup and view all the answers

What does a study model assist with in dental practice?

Visual record of occlusal relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a condition classified as occlusal trauma?

Malocclusion Signup and view all the answers

What method is typically used to assess carious lesions?

Radiographic examination Signup and view all the answers

Which stage is the final development in human dentition?

Permanent dentition Signup and view all the answers

What factor does NOT influence the development of early childhood caries?

Age of tooth eruption Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hard Tissue Examination of the Dentition

Divisions of Human Dentition:
- Primary (Deciduous), Mixed (Transitional), and Permanent Dentition.
Primary Dentition:
- Formation begins in utero.
- Comprises 20 teeth.
Mixed Dentition:
- Occurs between ages 6-12.
- Involves the presence of both primary and permanent teeth.
Permanent Dentition:
- Consists of 32 teeth.
- Mineralization starts at birth, and roots fully develop approximately 3 years post-eruption.

Types of Dental Injuries and Fractures

Dental Charting:
- Involves recording existing restorations, lesions, and occlusal relationships.
Examination Procedures:
- Visual, clinical, and radiographic assessments to detect lesions and dental anomalies.
Types of Dental Injuries:
- Encompass attrition, erosion, abrasion, and abfraction.

Developmental and Noncarious Dental Lesions

Developmental Enamel Lesions:
- Include Enamel Hypoplasia, Hypomineralization, and Hypomaturation.
- Enamel Hypoplasia: Caused by disturbances during matrix formation.
- Hypomineralization: Occurs during the mineralization stage of enamel.
- Hypomaturation: Results in brittle enamel that fractures easily.
Developmental Defect of Dentin:
- Dentogenesis Imperfecta: Genetic condition leading to rapid wear and opalescent discoloration.
Noncarious Dental Lesions:
- Attrition: Tooth wear due to contact; prevalent in men.
- Erosion: Loss of tooth structure from chemical processes.
- Abrasion: Mechanical wear from non-masticatory forces.
- Abfraction: Loss resulting from flexing and microfractures in enamel/dentin.

Caries Development and Classification

Early Childhood Caries (ECC):
- Also known as Baby Bottle Decay; characterized by demineralization along the cervical region of primary teeth.
Requirements for Caries Development:
- Presence of microorganisms (Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus), fermentable carbohydrates, and susceptible tooth surfaces.
G.V. Black's Classification of Carious Lesions:
- Includes pitfalls like type I (single pit) and type V (cervical caries).

Occlusal Relationships

Normal vs. Malocclusion:
- Normal occlusion features ideal relationships, while malocclusion describes deviations.
Angle’s Classification:
- Class I: Normal bite.
- Class II: Retrognathic.
- Class III: Prognathic.
Occlusal Dynamics:
- Includes static (jaws closed) and dynamic (jaw movement during activities) occlusion metrics.

Recognition of Signs of Occlusal Trauma

Trauma Types:
- Primary trauma: Excessive force on a normally supported tooth.
- Secondary trauma: Normal force on a tooth with existing bone loss.
Signs of Occlusal Trauma:
- Increased tooth mobility and potential periodontal disease progression.

Proximal Contacts

Importance:
- Facilitate masticatory force dissipation, maintain tooth alignment, and prevent food impaction.
Loss Consequences:
- Potential impact on bone health leading to alveolar bone loss.

Fractures and Injuries

Assessment Techniques:
- Visual distinctions in color and translucency, combined with clinical and radiographic methods for comprehensive evaluation.

Summary

Comprehensive understanding of hard tissue examination leads to effective identification and management of dental issues, including caries, occlusion, and dental fractures.

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Description

Test your knowledge on hard tissue examination of the dentition with this chapter quiz. Explore topics such as dental lesions, injuries, carious classifications, and occlusion principles. This quiz is essential for understanding the foundations of dental health and care.