Podcast
Questions and Answers
What distinguishes dental radiographs from other photographic images?
What distinguishes dental radiographs from other photographic images?
- They are developed using a chemical process.
- They are digital images.
- They are produced on film by passage of x-rays. (correct)
- They are viewed under a special light.
Which characteristic of an x-ray beam is most critical for creating a diagnostic image?
Which characteristic of an x-ray beam is most critical for creating a diagnostic image?
- Its speed.
- Its power to penetrate substances and record image shadows. (correct)
- Its ability to be reflected off surfaces.
- Its color.
What general term describes energy transmitted through space or matter?
What general term describes energy transmitted through space or matter?
- Radiation. (correct)
- Electricity.
- Heat.
- Magnetism.
What is the specific type of high-energy radiation produced in an x-ray tube used for dental imaging?
What is the specific type of high-energy radiation produced in an x-ray tube used for dental imaging?
A new dental assistant is learning about radiology. Which of the following best defines the field of radiology?
A new dental assistant is learning about radiology. Which of the following best defines the field of radiology?
How does ionization fundamentally alter an atom?
How does ionization fundamentally alter an atom?
What aspect of a dental radiograph allows a dentist to distinguish between different structures?
What aspect of a dental radiograph allows a dentist to distinguish between different structures?
How is the intensity of an x-ray beam affected by doubling the distance from the source?
How is the intensity of an x-ray beam affected by doubling the distance from the source?
What term describes a receptor's ability to accurately reproduce fine details?
What term describes a receptor's ability to accurately reproduce fine details?
What balance of contrast levels is generally preferred in dental imaging and why?
What balance of contrast levels is generally preferred in dental imaging and why?
How will increasing the kilovoltage (kV) affect the density of a dental radiograph, and what is the result?
How will increasing the kilovoltage (kV) affect the density of a dental radiograph, and what is the result?
What is the effect of increasing the exposure time on a dental radiograph, and why does this change occur?
What is the effect of increasing the exposure time on a dental radiograph, and why does this change occur?
How does increasing the milliamperage (mA) influence the density of a dental radiograph, and why?
How does increasing the milliamperage (mA) influence the density of a dental radiograph, and why?
What determines the binding energy of an electron in an atom?
What determines the binding energy of an electron in an atom?
Under what circumstances does an ion pair form?
Under what circumstances does an ion pair form?
What term describes the process of unstable atomic nuclei emitting radiation?
What term describes the process of unstable atomic nuclei emitting radiation?
Which types of electromagnetic radiation used in dentistry are capable of causing ionization?
Which types of electromagnetic radiation used in dentistry are capable of causing ionization?
What are photons, and what is another term used to describe them?
What are photons, and what is another term used to describe them?
Among the various forms of electromagnetic radiation, which has the shortest wavelength?
Among the various forms of electromagnetic radiation, which has the shortest wavelength?
What is the primary function of the anode in an x-ray tube?
What is the primary function of the anode in an x-ray tube?
Flashcards
Dental Radiograph
Dental Radiograph
A photographic image produced on film by x-rays.
X-ray Beam
X-ray Beam
Energy beam penetrating substances to record image shadows.
Radiation
Radiation
Energy carried by particles or waves.
X-Radiation
X-Radiation
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Radiology
Radiology
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Ionization
Ionization
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Contrast
Contrast
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Double Target-Receptor Distance
Double Target-Receptor Distance
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Sharpness
Sharpness
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Preferred Dental Imaging Contrast
Preferred Dental Imaging Contrast
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Increase Kilovoltage (kV)
Increase Kilovoltage (kV)
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Increase Exposure Time
Increase Exposure Time
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Increase Milliamperage (mA)
Increase Milliamperage (mA)
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Binding Energy
Binding Energy
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Ion Pair Results
Ion Pair Results
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Radioactivity
Radioactivity
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Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation in Dentistry
Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation in Dentistry
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Photons (Quanta)
Photons (Quanta)
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Shortest Wavelength
Shortest Wavelength
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Purpose of Anode
Purpose of Anode
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Study Notes
- A dental radiograph is a photographic image produced on film showing teeth and related structures, created by passing x-rays through them.
- An x-ray beam is a form of energy able to penetrate substances and create image shadows on photographic film.
- Radiation is the energy that is carried by waves or a stream of particles.
- X-radiation is high-energy radiation produced when electrons collide with a metal target in an x-ray tube.
- Radiology is the science or study of radiation as used in medicine.
- Ionization is the process where an atom loses an electron.
- Contrast is how dark and light areas are differentiated in an image.
- Doubling the target-receptor distance reduces the beam intensity to one-fourth.
- Sharpness is the ability of a receptor to reproduce the outlines of an object.
- The preferred contrast in dental imaging is a balance between short-scale and long-scale contrast.
- Increasing the operating Kilovoltage (kV) increases density, making the image appear darker.
- Increasing exposure time increases density, which makes the image appear darker.
- Increasing the milliamperage (mA) increases density, which makes the image appear darker.
- The binding energy of an electron is determined by its distance from the nucleus.
- An ion pair is created when an electron is removed from an atom.
- Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of radiation from unstable atomic nuclei.
- X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation capable of ionization that is used in dentistry.
- Photons are bundles of energy that travel at the speed of light, also known as quanta.
- Dental x-ray waves have the shortest wavelength among electromagnetic radiation forms involved in dental imaging.
- The anode converts electrons into x-ray photons.
- Thermionic emission of electrons occurs at the tungsten filament in the cathode.
- The focusing cup at the cathode is made of molybdenum.
- Less than 1% of the kinetic energy of electrons is converted to x-rays at the anode.
- Characteristic radiation occurs at 70 kV and above.
- Kilovoltage must be adjusted to produce characteristic radiation.
- Penetrating power allows for the image visible on the receptor, which is controlled by kV.
- Protection is needed because all radiation is harmful.
- Knowledge of Safety Code 30 is important to take safe, effective radiographs.
- The two injury mechanisms of radiation are ionizing and free radical formation.
- Indirect injury from radiation involves free radical formation; direct injury affects a critical part of a cell.
- Free Radicals are highly reactive and can combine to form toxins like hydrogen peroxide.
- The dose response curve is linear and non-threshold.
- Non-stochastic effects have a threshold and depend on dose severity, examples are erythema, hair loss, and cataracts. Stochastic effects include cancer and genetic effects.
- Following exposure, injury occurs in this sequence: exposure, latent period, period of injury, repair.
- According to the dose equivalent measurement: 1 Sievert = 100 REMS.
- Radiation doses can be decreased by using an apron, prescription justification, ALARA principle, appropriate setting factors, proper technique, filtration, collimation, and high-speed/digital receptors.
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