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Dental Plaque & Biofilm Overview
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Dental Plaque & Biofilm Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which classification of dental plaque biofilm is specifically formed in an environment that is in contact with hard tissue?

  • Marginal
  • Sub-gingival
  • Fissural
  • Gingival (correct)

    • What type of dental plaque biofilm is characterized by the presence of aerobic organisms?

  • Anaerobic
  • Supra-gingival (correct)
  • Marginal
  • Sub-gingival

    • Which category of dental plaque would likely be associated with a deeper periodontal infection due to the lack of oxygen?

  • Sub-gingival (correct)
  • Fissural
  • Aerobic
  • Supra-gingival

    • In the context of periodontal disease, what is one reason why treatment may fail?

    <p>Insufficient plaque removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of biofilm classification is likely found marginally at the gum line?

    <p>Supra-gingival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors contribute to the formation of dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Micro-organisms and dietary sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor most significantly affects the prevalence of sub-gingival plaque biofilm?

    <p>Accessibility to oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic primarily differentiates anaerobic plaque biofilm from aerobic plaque biofilm?

    <p>Type of bacteria present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about soft tissue health is accurate?

    <p>Reversible tissue damage occurs due to biofilm activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque environments?

    <p>Sub-gingival plaque is predominantly anaerobic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of untreated aerobic plaque biofilm on periodontal health?

    <p>Increase in tooth mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific types of microorganisms are most associated with dental plaque composition?

    <p>Facultative anaerobes and Gram-positive bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where on the tooth crown is plaque formation least likely to occur?

    <p>Cervical 1 area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines dental plaque as biofilm?

    <p>Bacterial aggregations on teeth or oral structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of the extracellular matrix found in dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Salivary mucin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of the extracellular slime layer in bacterial colonies?

    <p>Ensures bacterial colony survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial virulence factor is commonly associated with dental plaque formation?

    <p>Capsule formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common dental disease caused by dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Periodontal disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the formation process of dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Sequential colonization of microorganisms on tooth surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the structural nature of dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Highly variable and specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is NOT typically found within dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Electrolytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is least appropriate for the removal of dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Applying chemical exfoliants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors does NOT influence the formation of dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Duration of tooth brushing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the salivary pellicle on the tooth surface?

    <p>To protect enamel from acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is considered a primary colonizer of the tooth surface?

    <p>Streptococcus mutans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does quorum sensing play in bacterial colonization on tooth surfaces?

    <p>It activates different genes for communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the attachment of new bacteria affect the biofilm formation on tooth surfaces?

    <p>It triggers cell-to-cell communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to the rapid formation of the pellicle on the tooth surface?

    <p>The cleaning process of teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria primarily participates in the initial colonization of tooth surfaces?

    <p>Aerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the term 'quorum sensing' in bacterial communities?

    <p>It helps form biofilms through communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the salivary pellicle?

    <p>It acts like double-sided adhesive tape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of primary colonizers bacteria like Streptococcus sanguis?

    <p>They are typically aerobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of surface does the initial attachment of bacteria occur on during colonization?

    <p>Pellicle-coated surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial step in the formation of dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Initial attachment of bacteria to pellicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes biofilm?

    <p>A community of microorganisms embedded in glycocalyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the secondary colonization phase of dental plaque biofilm formation?

    <p>New bacteria join the existing community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do free-floating bacteria contribute to biofilm formation?

    <p>They must come into contact with an appropriate surface to 'put down roots'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes mature biofilm in dental plaque?

    <p>It develops mushroom-shaped colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of tissue-attached plaque?

    <p>It shows resistance to dislodgment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the composition of dental plaque biofilm is most accurate?

    <p>It is made up of various microorganisms embedded in a matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase is characterized by the formation of an extracellular slime layer?

    <p>Secondary colonization phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes an unaAttached plaque biofilm?

    <p>It consists of bacteria that have detached from the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the resilience of plaque biofilm?

    <p>Biofilm can withstand routine cleaning methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dental Plaque & Biofilm

    • Dental plaque is a soft deposit that forms on the surface of teeth, composed of bacteria, saliva, and food debris.
    • It's a biofilm, a complex community of microorganisms embedded in a sticky matrix.
    • Plaque formation starts with the attachment of bacteria to the pellicle, a thin layer of salivary proteins that coats the tooth surface.
    • Primary colonizers, like Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus salivarius, attach to the pellicle and start the biofilm formation process.
    • Secondary colonizers join in, contributing to the extracellular slime layer, a protective barrier for the bacterial colony.
    • Plaque is associated with caries and periodontal disease, which are preventable diseases.
    • Plaque formation is influenced by the presence of sugar and the time it stays on the teeth.

    Plaque Classification

    • Dental plaque is classified based on its location:
      • Supragingival plaque: Found above the gum line, in contact with saliva and food. Often aerobic.
      • Subgingival plaque: Found below the gum line, in contact with gingival crevice fluid. Often anaerobic.
      • Attached plaque: Firmly attached to the tooth surface.
      • Unattached plaque: Loosely attached to the tooth surface, easily removed by brushing.

    Biofilm Formation

    • Free-floating bacteria attach to the pellicle, initiating biofilm formation.
    • Initial attachment of bacteria to the pellicle occurs within hours of cleaning teeth.
    • Initial colonization of the tooth surface involves new bacteria joining existing ones.
    • Secondary colonization leads to the formation of the extracellular slime layer, which is essential for bacterial survival.
    • Mature biofilm develops mushroom-shaped colonies, containing a diverse community of bacteria.

    Quorum Sensing

    • Quorum sensing is a communication system used by bacteria to regulate their behavior and gene expression.
    • It allows bacteria to sense the population density and coordinate their actions, such as biofilm formation, toxin production, and invasion of tissues.

    Composition of Dental Plaque Biofilm

    • Organic components:
      • Microorganisms: Diverse species of bacteria, both gram-positive and gram-negative.
      • Polysaccharides: Sugars produced by bacteria, contributing to the sticky matrix.
      • Proteins: Derived from saliva, epithelial cells, and bacteria.
      • Glycoproteins: Combination of sugars and proteins, playing various roles in biofilm formation.
      • Lipids: Fats and other molecules, contributing to the overall structure and function of the biofilm.
    • Intracellular matrix: The medium within which bacteria are embedded.
    • Extracellular matrix: The sticky protective layer surrounding the biofilm.
    • Bacteria:
      • Facultative: Can survive with or without oxygen.
      • Anaerobic: Requires an oxygen-free environment for survival.
      • Strep. mutans: A primary colonizer, involved in sugar metabolism and acid production.
      • Strep. sanguis: Another primary colonizer, involved in biofilm formation and periodontal health.
      • A. viscosus: A secondary colonizer, involved in biofilm formation.
      • A. ....: Secondary colonizer, linked to periodontal disease.

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    Dental Plaque Biofilm PDF

    Description

    Explore the formation and classification of dental plaque and biofilm. Learn about the types of bacteria involved and their role in oral health. Understand the connection between plaque, dental caries, and periodontal disease.

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