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Dental Plaque Biofilm and Quorum Sensing
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Dental Plaque Biofilm and Quorum Sensing

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Questions and Answers

What is classified as the most common dental disease related to dental plaque biofilm?

  • Fissure sealants
  • Gingivitis
  • Periodontal disease
  • Caries (correct)

    • Which classification of dental plaque biofilm is characterized by its activity in the presence of oxygen?

  • Marginal
  • Aerobic (correct)
  • Anaerobic
  • Sub-gingival

    • Which of the following types of dental plaque is found in contact with hard tissue?

  • Sub-gingival
  • Supra-gingival (correct)
  • Fissural
  • Interproximal

    • What condition might occur if the treatment of periodontal disease fails?

    <p>Worsening inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary interaction of sub-gingival plaque biofilm with biological tissues?

    <p>It can cause damage to hard tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does anaerobic dental plaque biofilm differ in oxygen presence compared to aerobic biofilm?

    <p>Anaerobic does not require oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification identifies dental plaque biofilm located at the gum line?

    <p>Marginal plaque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of improperly managed caries?

    <p>Leads to dental decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of biofilm?

    <p>It consists of one or more communities of micro-organisms in a glycocalyx matrix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does the extracellular slime layer begin to form in dental plaque biofilm development?

    <p>Secondary colonization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the formation of dental plaque biofilm?

    <p>Initial attachment of bacteria to the pellicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plaque is described as being attached to the soft tissue?

    <p>Tissue attached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the 'mature biofilm' stage?

    <p>Mushroom-shaped colonies form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is necessary for biofilm formation to begin?

    <p>Contact with an appropriate surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is described as a 'glycoprotein matrix'?

    <p>Glycocalyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes unaAttached plaque?

    <p>It is a community of bacteria not adhered to tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the secondary colonization phase?

    <p>An extracellular slime layer forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pellicle formed on teeth?

    <p>To protect enamel from acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is NOT classified as a primary colonizer of the tooth surface?

    <p>Escherichia coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the process of quorum sensing in bacterial communities?

    <p>Gene activation through attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature characterizes aerobic primary colonizers in the oral cavity?

    <p>They require oxygen for growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of intercellular communication in bacterial colonies?

    <p>To facilitate biofilm development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a fresh pellicle consist of on a tooth surface?

    <p>A thin coating of salivary proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How quickly can a pellicle form after cleaning the teeth?

    <p>Within a few hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria is primarily involved in the initial colonization of teeth?

    <p>Aerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is described by the term 'quorum sensing'?

    <p>Communication among bacteria based on density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism do bacteria use to adhere to surfaces and to each other during initial colonization?

    <p>Physical and chemical attachment mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria are predominantly associated with periodontal disease?

    <p>Treponema denticola</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the term 'virulence factors' in relation to bacteria?

    <p>Mechanisms that enable bacteria to colonize and damage tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT associated with bacterial virulence?

    <p>Inorganic compounds in saliva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary challenge in the removal of dental plaque?

    <p>The persistence of biofilm structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria is primarily linked to dental caries?

    <p>Streptococcus mutans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of bacteria detecting cell population density?

    <p>To acclimatize to environmental disadvantages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed by primary facultative colonizers that allows room for anaerobes?

    <p>Extracellular slime layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure in mature biofilms allows for self-survival of the bacteria?

    <p>Fluid channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of biofilms serves as a protective barrier around bacterial colonies?

    <p>Extracellular slime layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do fluid channels benefit bacteria in a mature biofilm?

    <p>By facilitating the exchange of metabolites and waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during a 'bacterial bloom'?

    <p>There is a significant growth of bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of chemical signals in biofilm communication?

    <p>To allow interaction and coordination between bacterial colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of secondary colonizers attaching to primary colonizers?

    <p>Formation of biofilm structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What environmental change triggers anaerobic bacteria's increased presence in biofilms?

    <p>Depletion of oxygen by primary colonizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do spirochetes primarily contribute to in bacterial colonies?

    <p>Colonization efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dental Plaque Biofilm

    • Dental plaque biofilm is the most common cause of dental diseases
    • Biofilm is a collection of microorganisms embedded in a glycoprotein matrix, usually attached to a solid surface
    • Biofilm formation begins when free-floating bacteria attach to a surface
    • Initial attachment of bacteria to pellicle is a key event in biofilm formation
    • Pellicle is a thin coating of salivary proteins that adheres to the tooth surface within hours of cleaning
    • Pellicle protects the enamel from acid and acts like a double-sided adhesive tape for bacteria
    • Early bacterial colonizers are aerobic and include Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus salivarius
    • These early colonizers can attach to surfaces and each other, activating different genes and mediating intercellular communication through quorum sensing

    Quorum Sensing

    • Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication process used by bacteria to form biofilms
    • It allows bacteria to detect changes in cell population density and respond by regulating gene expression
    • This acclimates them to environmental challenges

    Biofilm Development

    • The initial colonization of the tooth's surface by bacteria is followed by secondary colonization, where bacteria attach to the primary colonizers
    • The production of an extracellular slime layer protects bacterial colonies and allows them to thrive
    • The extracellular slime layer acts as a protective barrier around the colony, allowing for self-survival and fluid channels
    • Fluid channels penetrate the slime layer and provide nutrients, oxygen, movement of metabolites, waste products, and enzymes
    • They also act as a communication system for chemical signals

    Biofilm Composition

    • The bacterial makeup of biofilm changes as it matures; anaerobic bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum become increasingly prevalent.

    Key Factors in Dental Plaque Formation & Removal

    • Physical plaque removal, achieved through friction, is an effective way to disrupt the biofilm structure
    • Mouthwash is not a viable solution to removing dental plaque
    • The virulence factors of bacteria aid in the colonization, invasion, and damage of tissue, leading to dental diseases
    • Bacteria associated with periodontal disease include Porphyromonas gingivalis, AggregaFbacter acFnomycemcomitans, and Treponema denFcola
    • Bacteria associated with caries include Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli

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    Related Documents

    Dental Plaque Biofilm PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the concepts of dental plaque biofilm and quorum sensing in bacteria. Learn how biofilm formation begins and the role of key bacterial colonizers. Understand the importance of these processes in dental health and microbial communication.

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