Dental Occlusion Relations

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of occlusal contact between each tooth in one arch and its antagonist in the opposing arch in centric occlusion?

To maintain the mesial migration of the teeth in the same arch

To increase the occlusal forces on individual teeth

To prevent the over eruption of the teeth of the opposing arch (correct)

To guide the mandibular movement

What is the characteristic of the space between the mandibular dental arch and the maxillary dental arch when the occlusal relation is changed?

The space decreases in centric occlusion and increases in lateral relation (correct)

The space increases in centric occlusion and decreases in lateral relation

The space remains constant

The space is not affected by the occlusal relation

Which of the following teeth does not occlude with two teeth in the opposing arch in centric occlusion?

Mandibular canines

Mandibular central incisors (correct)

Maxillary third molars

Maxillary central incisors

What is the effect of occlusal contact on the distribution of occlusal forces in centric occlusion?

It distributes the occlusal forces to several teeth Signup and view all the answers

What type of mandibular movement is characterized by protrusion and retrusion?

Symmetrical bilateral movement Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the mesial migration of the teeth in the same arch?

It is prevented by the occlusal contact between each tooth in one arch and its antagonist in the opposing arch Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological rest position of the mandible?

When the mandible is at the vertical dimension of rest position Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the space present between the occluding surface of maxillary teeth when the mandible is at the vertical dimension of rest position?

Freeway space Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the maximum intercuspation or contact attained between maxillary and mandibular teeth?

Centric occlusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the key of occlusion in the posterior teeth?

MB cusp of permanent maxillary 1st molar overlaps MB groove of permanent mandibular 1st molar Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the occlusion that occurs when the maxillary teeth overlap the mandibular teeth in an anterior relationship and a cusp to fossa relationship in the posterior teeth?

Angle’s class I Occlusion Signup and view all the answers

What is required for perfect harmony between teeth, TMJ, and neuromuscular system?

Centric occlusion and centric relation coincide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the overbite relationship in centric occlusion?

To enable the disocclusion of the posterior teeth during food incision and increase the efficiency of the anterior teeth in biting Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the compensatory curvatures of the dental arches?

To balance the mandible and complement the condyle paths Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the maxillary arch compared to the mandibular arch?

It is larger in size and has a more elliptical shape Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the mandible in centric relation?

It is in the most retrusive unstrained position in the glenoid fossa Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the horizontal relation of the upper teeth to the lower teeth in centric occlusion?

Overjet Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the vertical relation of the upper teeth to the lower teeth in centric occlusion?

Overbite Signup and view all the answers

What type of cusps contact respective fossa to support the vertical dimension?

Supporting cusps Signup and view all the answers

What is the part of the tooth where supporting cusp comes to a stop in maximum intercuspation?

Centric stop Signup and view all the answers

In which relation does the condyle move forward and downward, bringing the teeth forward?

Protrusive relation Signup and view all the answers

What is the guidance provided by the overlap of the upper and lower anterior teeth?

Incisal guidance Signup and view all the answers

In the masticatory cycle of posterior teeth, which side shows contact of lingual cusps of the maxillary teeth with the buccal cusps of mandibular teeth?

Balancing side Signup and view all the answers

In the masticatory cycle of anterior teeth, where is the balancing side located?

At the posterior teeth Signup and view all the answers

What direction do the roots of all teeth incline except for the 2nd premolar and mandibular molars?

Buccally Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the incisal and occlusal surfaces of teeth?

They have curved surfaces with no flat planes Signup and view all the answers

During centric occlusion, what occurs when the cusps and incisal ridges of teeth come into contact?

They act as cutting blades Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the spaces that appear around the point of contact between curved surfaces during centric occlusion?

To provide escapement spaces Signup and view all the answers

Which direction do the roots of the upper incisors incline?

Mesially Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the curved surfaces of teeth coming into contact during centric occlusion?

The appearance of spaces around the point of contact Signup and view all the answers

What is the radius of the sphere that the mandibular arch conforms to in the vertical plane?

4 inches Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the curve of Spee in the mandibular arch?

Concave Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of inclination of the crowns of mandibular posterior teeth?

Lingual Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the curve of Monson?

Sphere Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the sides of Bonwill's Triangle?

4 inches Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the apex of Bonwill's Triangle?

Mesial contact area of the lower central incisors Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of inclination of the crowns of maxillary posterior teeth?

Buccal Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the curve of Wilson in the coronal plane?

Curved plane Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the inclination of teeth in the mandibular arch?

To withstand masticatory forces Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of extending the curve of Spee?

A circle of 4 inch diameter Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of alignment of the long axis of each lower tooth?

Parallel to the condylar axis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Occlusion and Mandibular Relationships

Occlusal space varies with movements: reduced in centric occlusion, increased in lateral relation.
In centric occlusion, most teeth occlude with two opposing teeth; exceptions include mandibular central incisors and maxillary third molars.
Key functions of occlusal relationships:
- Prevents over-eruption of opposing arch teeth.
- Prevents mesial migration within the same arch.
- Distributes occlusal forces across multiple teeth.

Mandibular Movements

Types of mandibular movements:
- Symmetrical bilateral: Includes depression, elevation, protrusion, and retrusion.
- Asymmetrical bilateral: Involves right and left lateral movements.
Supporting cusps (buccal cusps of lower posteriors and lingual cusps of upper posteriors) contact respective fossae during occlusion, which supports vertical dimension.
Guiding cusps (buccal cusp of upper posteriors and lingual cusp of lower posteriors) help guide teeth into occlusion.

Occlusal Contacts

In centric occlusion, contact points referred to as "centric stops" occur where cusps reach maximum intercuspation (e.g., central fossa of mandibular first molar).
Protrusive relation results in edge-to-edge contact of anterior teeth, with minimal contact in the posterior region.
During lateral movements, the working side has contact while the balancing side typically does not.

Freeway Space

Freeway space measures 2-5mm between maxillary and mandibular teeth at rest.
Centric occlusion features maxillary teeth overlapping mandibular teeth anteriorly and cusp to fossa relations posteriorly.

Types of Occlusion

Centric occlusion is also classified as convenience occlusion, representing the maximum contact between opposing teeth.
Centric relation defines the non-strained position of the mandible with condyles resting in the glenoid fossa.

Dental Arch Form and Overlap

Maxillary arch outline is larger than the mandibular arch, allowing for overbite and overjet.
Overbite measures vertical relation; overjet measures horizontal relation in centric occlusion.
These relationships help prevent soft tissue bites and guide mandibular movement.

Compensatory Curvatures of Dental Arches

Curvatures assist in guiding mandibular movement and balance:
- Curve of Spee: Follows the arc from incisal to condylar surface.
- Curve of Wilson: Seen in the coronal plane, showing inclination differences of posterior teeth.
- Curve of Monson: Extends existing curves into a sphere reflecting vertical occlusal appearance.

Bonwill's Triangle

Defines the mandible’s structure, forming an equilateral triangle measuring 4 inches, centered at the condylar areas.

Tooth Inclination and Angulation

Variations in root inclination affect occlusal function and stability during mastication; most teeth have lingual root inclination, with exceptions for certain premolars and mandibular molars.
Proper angling provides optimal occlusal function and teeth alignment.

Functional Teeth Form

Teeth lack flat surfaces; cusps and incisal ridges function as cutting edges during contact, forming escapement spaces around points of contact to facilitate efficient chewing and mastication.

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Description

Understand the importance of occlusal relations in dentistry, including centric occlusion, facial and lingual relations, and the prevention of over eruption and mesial migration. Learn how each tooth interacts with its antagonist in the opposing arch.