Podcast
Questions and Answers
What should be observed during the occlusal check-up to assess normal contacts in maximum intercuspation?
What should be observed during the occlusal check-up to assess normal contacts in maximum intercuspation?
- Uneven jaw movement while biting
- Continuous clenching throughout the bite
- Presence of large oval areas of contact
- Intensity of pin-point size contacts (correct)
What is the primary role of articulating film during an occlusal check-up?
What is the primary role of articulating film during an occlusal check-up?
- To record bite contacts (correct)
- To stimulate tooth sensitivity
- To assess dental hygiene
- To measure jaw alignment
Which of the following statements about abnormal harmful contacts in maximum intercuspation is correct?
Which of the following statements about abnormal harmful contacts in maximum intercuspation is correct?
- They usually occur only on anterior teeth.
- They can result in localized wear of teeth. (correct)
- They are typically smaller than normal contacts.
- They present no challenge to healthy occlusion.
How should the occlusal contacts be registered on the patient?
How should the occlusal contacts be registered on the patient?
Which area is NOT checked during the occlusal contact assessment?
Which area is NOT checked during the occlusal contact assessment?
What is the primary effect of an excessive curve of Spee on muscle balance?
What is the primary effect of an excessive curve of Spee on muscle balance?
In the context of the Curve of Wilson, how is the curve characterized in the maxillary arch?
In the context of the Curve of Wilson, how is the curve characterized in the maxillary arch?
What defines the posterior plane of occlusion?
What defines the posterior plane of occlusion?
How can the posterior plane of occlusion be affected?
How can the posterior plane of occlusion be affected?
What happens to maxillary molars when attempting to move them buccally using orthodontic tray aligners?
What happens to maxillary molars when attempting to move them buccally using orthodontic tray aligners?
What should be used to identify heavier centric contacts?
What should be used to identify heavier centric contacts?
Which factor is important to consider for the visibility of red articulating paper on dental restorations?
Which factor is important to consider for the visibility of red articulating paper on dental restorations?
What distinguishes static contacts in occlusion analysis?
What distinguishes static contacts in occlusion analysis?
What is the preferred thickness of articulating paper for optimal results?
What is the preferred thickness of articulating paper for optimal results?
What condition might necessitate using multiple sheets of articulating paper during adjustments?
What condition might necessitate using multiple sheets of articulating paper during adjustments?
What is one benefit of using 20-micron articulating paper over thicker options?
What is one benefit of using 20-micron articulating paper over thicker options?
To assess the occlusal scheme, which element is NOT taken into account?
To assess the occlusal scheme, which element is NOT taken into account?
What is one characteristic of articulating paper that affects occlusion registration accuracy?
What is one characteristic of articulating paper that affects occlusion registration accuracy?
What role do posterior teeth play in relation to anterior teeth during occlusion?
What role do posterior teeth play in relation to anterior teeth during occlusion?
What happens when posterior teeth are missing?
What happens when posterior teeth are missing?
What is the effect of moving more posteriorly in the masticatory system?
What is the effect of moving more posteriorly in the masticatory system?
During the closing movement, what is observed in the maxillary and mandibular teeth?
During the closing movement, what is observed in the maxillary and mandibular teeth?
What is the fulcrum in the masticatory system according to the Class III lever model?
What is the fulcrum in the masticatory system according to the Class III lever model?
Why is maintaining occlusal contacts on posterior teeth important?
Why is maintaining occlusal contacts on posterior teeth important?
Where is the centric contact located on the maxillary central incisor?
Where is the centric contact located on the maxillary central incisor?
Which statement about posterior occlusion is true?
Which statement about posterior occlusion is true?
Which treatment option is considered more invasive for correcting an inverted anterior occlusal plane?
Which treatment option is considered more invasive for correcting an inverted anterior occlusal plane?
What is the curve of Spee defined as?
What is the curve of Spee defined as?
What can excessive curve of Spee lead to?
What can excessive curve of Spee lead to?
What is the primary role of lateral guidance in dental occlusion?
What is the primary role of lateral guidance in dental occlusion?
Which anatomical structure does the curve of Spee end at?
Which anatomical structure does the curve of Spee end at?
Which treatment would be considered more conservative for the correction of an inverted anterior occlusal plane?
Which treatment would be considered more conservative for the correction of an inverted anterior occlusal plane?
What negative impact can an imbalance between anterior and posterior occlusal forces have?
What negative impact can an imbalance between anterior and posterior occlusal forces have?
What is generally used to correct a canted smile apart from dental restorations?
What is generally used to correct a canted smile apart from dental restorations?
What is the ideal number of contacts on the occlusal table in the 'Cusp To Flat Surface' contact scheme?
What is the ideal number of contacts on the occlusal table in the 'Cusp To Flat Surface' contact scheme?
What type of contact should be avoided on the cusp tip?
What type of contact should be avoided on the cusp tip?
Which of the following describes Axial Loading in the context of occlusal contacts?
Which of the following describes Axial Loading in the context of occlusal contacts?
What is a detrimental contact that should be identified in occlusal analysis?
What is a detrimental contact that should be identified in occlusal analysis?
In the 'Cusp To Flat Surface' contact scheme, which contact type is emphasized as necessary for stability?
In the 'Cusp To Flat Surface' contact scheme, which contact type is emphasized as necessary for stability?
Which occlusal contact scheme allows for ideal contact with 1 contact on the non-functional cusp and additional contacts on functional cusps?
Which occlusal contact scheme allows for ideal contact with 1 contact on the non-functional cusp and additional contacts on functional cusps?
What happens if a contact is lost during the fabrication of a restoration?
What happens if a contact is lost during the fabrication of a restoration?
What is the primary goal when assessing occlusal contacts?
What is the primary goal when assessing occlusal contacts?
Flashcards
Anterior Occlusal Plane
Anterior Occlusal Plane
The alignment of the upper front teeth, also known as the incisal plane. It can be corrected with orthodontic or prosthodontic treatments.
Inverted Anterior Occlusal Plane
Inverted Anterior Occlusal Plane
A situation when the anterior occlusal plane is tilted backward, with the upper teeth leaning back.
Curve of Spee
Curve of Spee
The curved path of the lower teeth from the canine to the condyle, described by F. Graf Von Spee. It influences lateral movement, grinding, parafunctional habits, and temporomandibular joint health.
Lateral Guidance
Lateral Guidance
The ability of the jaw to move sideways, guided by the curve of Spee and the alignment of the teeth.
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Posterior Interferences
Posterior Interferences
When the upper and lower teeth do not meet correctly, leading to grinding or uneven wear.
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Parafunctional Habits
Parafunctional Habits
Habits that damage teeth and joints, like clenching or grinding.
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Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
The joint that connects the lower jaw to the skull, affected by the curve of Spee.
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Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD)
Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD)
A condition affecting the TMJ, potentially caused by an imbalance in the curve of Spee.
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Curve of Wilson
Curve of Wilson
A transverse curve that passes along the buccal and lingual cusps of the premolars and molars, observed from a coronal (frontal) plane.
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Posterior Plane of Occlusion
Posterior Plane of Occlusion
A plane that passes midway between the cusp tips of the mandibular molars and through the incisal edges of the mandibular incisors. It's an average wave plane, and it's unique for each person.
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Curve of Wilson Change
Curve of Wilson Change
A change in the Curve of Wilson that can occur when maxillary molars are moved buccally (outward) to expand the dental arch. This tipping movement alters the curve across the teeth.
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Excessive Curve of Spee
Excessive Curve of Spee
A condition where the Curve of Spee is excessively curved, impacting muscle balance and proper occlusion (how the teeth meet).
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Class III Lever
Class III Lever
The lever system that describes our chewing process.
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Force and Occlusal Tables
Force and Occlusal Tables
When the chewing force is applied closer to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), more force is needed on the occlusal surfaces.
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Posterior Teeth Function
Posterior Teeth Function
Posterior teeth are positioned further away from the TMJ and have larger occlusal surfaces.
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Rest Position
Rest Position
The natural, relaxed position of the jaw where the teeth are not touching.
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Posterior Teeth Protection
Posterior Teeth Protection
The posterior teeth are positioned to protect the anterior teeth from excessive force during chewing.
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Occlusal Imbalance
Occlusal Imbalance
Missing posterior teeth cause an imbalance of forces during biting, leading to excessive wear on the anterior teeth.
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Simultaneous Contact
Simultaneous Contact
Both the upper and lower teeth contact simultaneously during the closing movement, distributing the force.
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Importance of Posterior Teeth
Importance of Posterior Teeth
Keeping posterior teeth is important for preventing damage to the anterior teeth from excessive shear forces during occlusion.
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Maxillary Central Incisor Contact
Maxillary Central Incisor Contact
The mesial marginal ridge on the lingual surface of the maxillary central incisor is where the tooth contacts during biting.
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Maxillary Incisor Contact
Maxillary Incisor Contact
The tooth #8 (Maxillary Central Incisor) and #7 (Maxillary Lateral Incisor) have a specific contact point during biting.
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Maxillary Canine Contact
Maxillary Canine Contact
The mesial marginal ridge of the maxillary canine is where the tooth contacts during biting.
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Ideal Maxillary Occlusal Contacts
Ideal Maxillary Occlusal Contacts
The maxillary teeth have specific contact points that provide efficient and balanced chewing.
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Posterior Cusp Function
Posterior Cusp Function
Not all cusps in posterior teeth have the same function, making posterior occlusion complicated.
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Occlusal Check-Up
Occlusal Check-Up
The act of checking how well someone's upper and lower teeth fit together.
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Maximum Intercuspation
Maximum Intercuspation
The point at which the upper and lower teeth meet most closely together.
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Pin-Point Contacts
Pin-Point Contacts
Tiny, focused points of contact between your upper and lower teeth.
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Anterior Tooth Alignment
Anterior Tooth Alignment
The way the teeth are aligned in the front, at the maximum point of contact.
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Posterior Tooth Alignment
Posterior Tooth Alignment
The way the teeth are aligned at the back, at the maximum point of contact.
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Occlusal Scheme
Occlusal Scheme
The process of analyzing the overall arrangement of teeth and how they make contact when the jaws are closed.
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Static Contacts
Static Contacts
Points where the upper and lower teeth touch when the jaws are closed.
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Centric Contacts
Centric Contacts
The heaviest contacts between the upper and lower teeth, indicating where the most force is applied.
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Articulating Paper
Articulating Paper
A tool used to mark and see where the teeth are touching when the jaws are closed.
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Articulating Paper Holder
Articulating Paper Holder
A specialized tool that holds the articulating paper in place during tooth contact
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Articulating Film
Articulating Film
A thin sheet of material used to record tooth contacts, providing a more accurate representation of the bite.
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Ideal Thickness of Articulating Paper
Ideal Thickness of Articulating Paper
The thickness of articulating paper that is recommended by dental professionals for more accurate contact detection during bite analysis
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Abnormal Contacts
Abnormal Contacts
Contacts that are either too soon, too numerous, or too heavy, leading to instability and potential damage to the tooth or restoration.
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Cusp to Flat Surface Contact
Cusp to Flat Surface Contact
A type of occlusal contact where a cusp (pointed part) contacts a flat surface, creating a stable and predictable contact.
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Axial Loading
Axial Loading
The ideal scenario where forces during biting are directed along the long axis of the tooth, minimizing stress and strain.
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Tripodization
Tripodization
A type of occlusal scheme aiming for 3 points of contact on the occlusal table: one on the functional cusp, one on the non-functional cusp, and one on the marginal ridge.
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Cuspal Interference
Cuspal Interference
A common error where the cusp tip is in contact with the deepest portion of the fossa, creating undesired shearing forces and instability.
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Contact on Buccal Surfaces
Contact on Buccal Surfaces
A contact on the buccal surfaces of a tooth, which is generally avoided as it can lead to undesirable forces and tooth displacement.
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Excessive Contacts
Excessive Contacts
An excessive number of contacts on a tooth, creating instability and uneven force distribution.
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Static Occlusion II: Occlusal Contacts
- Static occlusion involves rest position and intermaxillary relations as well as occlusal contacts.
- Occlusal contacts and mandibular movements involve clinical considerations.
- Learning objectives include defining occlusal equilibrium, planes and curves of dental occlusion, locating centric contacts, differentiating functional and non-functional cusps, identifying adequate occlusal contacts, and explaining the importance of articulating paper.
- Occlusal equilibrium involves simultaneous contacts on all teeth without shifting the mandible.
- It creates harmony in the bite, avoiding discomfort, muscular pain, and temporomandibular alterations.
- Adequate distribution of occlusal contacts is essential for occlusal equilibrium.
- The anterior occlusal plane is a line traced along the maxillary incisal edges, determined by the cusp tips of the maxillary central, lateral incisors, and canines.
- The anterior occlusal plane can be corrected through orthodontia or fixed prosthodontics. Inverted or canted planes also need correction.
- The curve of Spee is a line starting from the mandibular canine cusp tip, following the buccal cusps of the premolars and molars. It extends through the anterior border of the mandibular ramus and finishes at the anterior aspect of the mandibular condyle.
- The curve of Wilson is a transverse curve that passes along the buccal and lingual cusps of premolars and molars, viewed through a coronal plane. The curve can vary depending on the buccal and lingual inclinations of the premolars and molars (convex in the maxillary, concave in the mandibular).
- The curve of Spee and Wilson influence lateral guidance, posterior interferences, parafunctional habits, and TMJ/TMD. Excessive curve of Spee can alter muscle balance and cause improper functional occlusion.
Occlusal Plane
- The posterior occlusal plane passes midway between the mandibular molar cusp tips and through the incisal edges of the mandibular incisors.
- It is an average wave plane, differing from one person to another.
- It can be altered by growth, orthodontics, and dentistry.
- It combines the curve of Spee and the curve of Wilson.
Posterior Teeth and Occlusion
- Posterior teeth protect anterior teeth from shear forces during occlusion.
- Posterior teeth have different cusp functions.
- Occlusal forces should be directed toward the long axis of all posterior teeth.
- A parallelogram of forces directs occlusal forces along the long axis of the tooth with 2 contacts on functional cusps, 1 on non-functional cusps with a light contact on the marginal ridge.
- Inadequate placement of contacts can lead to overload and fracture of the weakest cusps.
- Functional cusps (stamp/working cusps) have more volume (60%) than non-functional ones (shear cusps) (40%).
Masticatory System and Occlusal Tables
- The masticatory system is a class III lever system.
- The TMJ is the fulcrum. Forces originate from muscles.
- Load is food.
- Occlusal tables increase in size posteriorly.
- The closer contacts are to the fulcrum of the TMJ, the greater the force on those occlusal surfaces, and the larger the occlusal surfaces need to be to distribute the forces.
Static Occlusion
- At rest position, there is no occlusal contact.
- During closing movement, contacts from maxillary and mandibular teeth support occlusal load.
- Missing posterior teeth lead to unbalanced occlusal forces and damage the anterior teeth.
Analysis of Occlusion
- A necessary step in examining occlusion includes placing articulating film in the holder.
- Have the patient open their mouth, bite, and observe the maximum intercuspation contacts, not clenching.
- Check the contacts on the right and left posterior teeth and anterior teeth.
- Identify the normal, abnormal or harmful contacts in maximum intercuspation.
- Evaluate the intensity of the contact (pin-point/pin-point size), the area of contact position on posterior/anterior teeth.
- Avoid contact on the buccal surfaces.
- Strive for pin-point contacts.
- Minimum 3 contacts on the occlusal table in cusp to flat surface contacts: 1 functional cusp, 1 non-functional cusp, 1 marginal ridge.
- Two main types of occlusal contact schemes: cusp-to-flat surface and Tripodization.
- If contacts are not along the long axis, it leads to occlusal overload and fracture of the weakest cusps.
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