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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of Colorgard in the investing process?
Which component is typically found in the powder phase of dental resins?
What is a common disadvantage of using Clorox as a denture cleanser?
How long is a typical bench curing process for dental resins?
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What is one of the main ingredients in Efferdent, an alkaline perborate denture cleanser?
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What is the primary function of the wax elimination step in the resin processing procedure?
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Which type of polymerization is most commonly associated with dental resins?
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What disadvantage does Rembrandt denture cleanser have?
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What are the components of the powder used in dental resins?
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What is the function of Colorgard in the investment process?
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of the abrasive denture cleanser Dentu-Crème?
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What is one of the active ingredients in Clorox/Zonrox denture cleanser?
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The curing process of resin in dental applications often involves keeping the flask at room temperature for _____ minutes.
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What are the types of polymerization mentioned in the context of dental resins?
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Wax elimination is not a necessary step in the production of dental resins.
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What is a disadvantage of using alkaline hypochlorite denture cleanser?
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What is meant by 'packing of the resin' in dental applications?
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Study Notes
Synthetic Resins
- Synthetic resins are polymers used in dentistry for various purposes, including denture fabrication
- They are classified as thermosets, meaning they become permanently rigid after curing
Types of Polymerization
- Addition Polymerization: Monomers bond directly to form a long polymer chain without releasing any byproducts.
- Condensation Polymerization: Monomers react to form a polymer chain, releasing small molecules like water as byproducts. This process is often used to create complex polymers with specific properties.
Components of Dental Resins
- Powder (Polymer): Contains large, insoluble polymer molecules responsible for the resin's strength and stability.
- Liquid (Monomer): Consists of small, reactive molecules that bond to the polymer molecules during curing, creating a solid structure.
Investing
- Colorgard: A separating medium used to prevent the investing medium from sticking to the flask halves during the denture fabrication process, ensuring smooth removal of the denture.
Wax Elimination
- This crucial step involves carefully melting and removing the wax pattern from the mold, preparing the space for the resin to be packed.
- It is essential to avoid damaging the mold during this process, as any imperfections will be reflected in the final denture.
Packing of the Resin
- The process of carefully filling the mold space with the resin mixture, ensuring uniform distribution and accurate replication of the tooth arrangement.
- This requires specific techniques and careful manipulation of the resin to achieve an optimal outcome.
Bench Curing
- After packing, the flask is kept at room temperature for 30-60 minutes to allow for pressure equalization throughout the mold space.
- This step ensures even curing of the resin, contributing to a strong, durable denture.
Curing/Processing Procedure
- Processing: The flask is heated to cure the resin, creating a rigid, stable structure.
- Processing involves various techniques: pressure curing, microwave curing, and chemical curing, each influencing the final denture properties.
Failures of Denture Base Resins
- Cracking: Caused by stress, poor processing, or insufficient curing.
- Warpage: Occurs due to uneven pressure during packing or curing.
- Porosity: Introduced by improper resin mixing, insufficient pressure, or inadequate curing.
- Discoloration: Can arise from improper cleaning methods, staining, or exposure to certain food or beverages.
Miscellaneous Resins and Techniques
- Acrylic Resin: Commonly used for dentures, offering good biocompatibility and strength.
- PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate): A well-established synthetic resin used for dentures, known for its versatility and durability.
- Composite Resins: Used for dental fillings, bonding, and aesthetic restorations, offering tooth-colored aesthetics and strength.
Denture Cleansers
- Denture cleansers are essential for maintaining denture hygiene and removing debris, stains, and microorganisms.
- Abrasive Cleansers: Contain abrasive agents to remove stains and debris, but too frequent use can lead to scratches and damage.
- Alkaline Hypochlorite Cleansers: Efficiently remove stains, but can corrode metal components and have a strong smell.
- Alkaline Perborate Cleansers: Provide effective cleansing without causing significant abrasion, but may not remove heavy deposits.
- Enzymatic Cleansers: Employ enzymes to breakdown protein deposits and stains, but can sometimes abrade the denture.
- Diluted Acid Cleansers: Effectively clean dentures, but should be used with caution as they can harm the denture material.
Synthetic Resins
- Synthetic resins are used in various applications, including dentistry
- Dental resins have applications such as:
- Denture bases
- Dental fillings
- Orthodontic appliances
- Bonding agents
- Interim restorations
Polymerization
- Polymerization refers to a chemical reaction that combines smaller molecules (monomers) to form larger molecules (polymers)
Types of Polymerization
- Types of polymerization include:
- Addition polymerization
- Condensation polymerization
- Addition polymerization involves monomers adding directly to one another
- Condensation polymerization involves the formation of small molecules like water as byproducts
Components of Powder (Polymer)
- Powder components include:
- Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) - forms the polymer
- Benzoyl peroxide (BP) - acts as an initiator
- Pigments - provide color
- Stabilizers - improve shelf life & material structure
Components of Liquid (Monomer)
- Liquid components include:
- Methyl methacrylate (MMA) - forms the monomer
- Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) - acts as a cross-linking agent
- Inhibitors - prevent premature polymerization
Investing Steps
- Investing is essential for the process of forming a denture
- Invest the denture in a two-part metal flask
- Invest with an investing medium, typically a gypsum-based material
- Use a separating medium (such as "Colorgard") to prevent the investing medium from sticking to the flask halves
- Ensure even pressure is distributed during investment
Wax Elimination Steps
- Wax elimination is a critical step in the denture creation process
- The invested denture is heated to remove the wax pattern
- This is usually accomplished using a specialized waxing oven
- Proper wax elimination ensures proper and accurate placement of the resin
Packing the Resin
- After wax elimination, the resin is added to the mold space
- Packing the resin is typically done in a specialized press
- The resin is compressed and shaped using a packing instrument
- Proper packing ensures the resin fills the mold space completely
Bench Curing
- Bench curing involves keeping the flask at room temperature for 30-60 mins
- This promotes equalization of pressure throughout the mold space
Curing/Processing Procedure
- The resin is cured or processed by applying heat and pressure
- Curing is a process where the resin is hardened
- Curing is typically performed in a specialized curing unit
Processing
- The purpose of processing is to harden and solidify the resin denture
- This process involves heating the flask to a specific temperature and pressure
- Precise control over temperature and pressure is essential to achieve proper curing
Failures of Denture Base Resins
- Common failures of denture base resins include:
- Crazing (fine hairline cracks)
- Warping (deformation of the denture base)
- Discoloration
- Breakage
Miscellaneous Resins/Techniques
- There are other types of resins and techniques used in dentistry:
- Light-cured resins
- Composite resins
- Acrylic resins
- Thermoplastic resins
Denture Cleansers
- Denture cleansers are used to remove debris and stains from dentures
- Cleansers can be abrasive, alkaline hypochlorite, alkaline perborate, enzymatic, or dilute acid/abrasive
- Common cleaners:
- Dentu-Crème
- Clorox/Zonrox
- Efferdent
- Polident
- Rembrandt
- Denture Renewal
- Each cleanser type has specific active ingredients and associated disadvantages
- Choose cleaners based on individual needs and denture material
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Description
This quiz covers synthetic resins used in dentistry, detailing their types and polymerization processes. It explains components such as powder and liquid in dental resins and their applications in denture fabrication. Test your knowledge on foundational dental materials and processes!
