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What is the process of converting low molecular weight compounds called monomers to high molecular weight compounds called polymers?
What is the process of converting low molecular weight compounds called monomers to high molecular weight compounds called polymers?
Thermoset materials can be remolded through heat without undergoing a chemical change.
Thermoset materials can be remolded through heat without undergoing a chemical change.
False
What term is used to describe a molecular fragment with an unpaired electron?
What term is used to describe a molecular fragment with an unpaired electron?
Free Radical
The main structural unit in polymers is called a ______.
The main structural unit in polymers is called a ______.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which type of polymer becomes liquid under great heat and is soluble in organic solvents?
Which type of polymer becomes liquid under great heat and is soluble in organic solvents?
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Copolymers are made from a single type of monomer.
Copolymers are made from a single type of monomer.
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What is the main advantage of using synthetic resin in dental applications?
What is the main advantage of using synthetic resin in dental applications?
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Which component of liquid monomer is used to prolong storage by inhibiting the polymerization process?
Which component of liquid monomer is used to prolong storage by inhibiting the polymerization process?
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Heat-cured resin is one of the three types of acrylic resin used for denture bases.
Heat-cured resin is one of the three types of acrylic resin used for denture bases.
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What is the purpose of dibutyl phthalate in synthetic fiber applications?
What is the purpose of dibutyl phthalate in synthetic fiber applications?
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The ____ stage is the packing stage of resin in the polymerization process.
The ____ stage is the packing stage of resin in the polymerization process.
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Match the following components with their functions:
Match the following components with their functions:
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What is the main benefit of using multifunctional methacrylates in resin?
What is the main benefit of using multifunctional methacrylates in resin?
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The organic amine accelerates the decomposition of peroxide at room temperature.
The organic amine accelerates the decomposition of peroxide at room temperature.
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What is the primary purpose of applying colorgard during denture base construction?
What is the primary purpose of applying colorgard during denture base construction?
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The boiling point of the transparent liquid resin used in denture base construction is approximately 100.8°C.
The boiling point of the transparent liquid resin used in denture base construction is approximately 100.8°C.
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List the first step in the denture base construction using the double-pressing technique.
List the first step in the denture base construction using the double-pressing technique.
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What are the two techniques mentioned for packing resin during denture base construction?
What are the two techniques mentioned for packing resin during denture base construction?
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The polymer to monomer ratio by volume for packing resin is ___ to ___.
The polymer to monomer ratio by volume for packing resin is ___ to ___.
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Match the steps in denture base construction with their respective processes:
Match the steps in denture base construction with their respective processes:
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Which of the following steps involves placing the assembly into a pan with boiling water?
Which of the following steps involves placing the assembly into a pan with boiling water?
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The metal flask used in denture base construction consists of only three parts.
The metal flask used in denture base construction consists of only three parts.
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What is the first step in the construction of the denture base wax pattern?
What is the first step in the construction of the denture base wax pattern?
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What is the primary purpose of placing a polyethylene sheet over the resin during the trial closure?
What is the primary purpose of placing a polyethylene sheet over the resin during the trial closure?
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The dough must be moldable for at least 5 minutes according to ADA SPEC.#12.
The dough must be moldable for at least 5 minutes according to ADA SPEC.#12.
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What is the duration of Bench Curing at room temperature?
What is the duration of Bench Curing at room temperature?
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The temperature during Rapid Curing increases gradually until it reaches __________.
The temperature during Rapid Curing increases gradually until it reaches __________.
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Match the curing methods with their descriptions:
Match the curing methods with their descriptions:
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What is the defined Working Time between Stage 2 and Stage 4?
What is the defined Working Time between Stage 2 and Stage 4?
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The stiff stage occurs when the dough has partially hardened.
The stiff stage occurs when the dough has partially hardened.
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What is the ideal temperature for Slow Curing?
What is the ideal temperature for Slow Curing?
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What is the first step in preparing the mold area?
What is the first step in preparing the mold area?
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The soft resin is contained in the metal flask.
The soft resin is contained in the metal flask.
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What two advantages are mentioned for the use of Colorgard?
What two advantages are mentioned for the use of Colorgard?
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The function of the __________ to the polymer is to produce a plastic mass.
The function of the __________ to the polymer is to produce a plastic mass.
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Match each stage with its description in the Monomer-Polymer reaction:
Match each stage with its description in the Monomer-Polymer reaction:
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What happens if too much material is placed in the mold?
What happens if too much material is placed in the mold?
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The trial closure is performed only once during the process.
The trial closure is performed only once during the process.
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After the second trial closure, what gets removed before the flask is closed properly?
After the second trial closure, what gets removed before the flask is closed properly?
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Study Notes
Dental Resins
- Synthetic resins are nonmetallic materials made from organic compounds
- They are moldable into various forms and are commonly known as plastics
- Plastics are composed of polymers, complex molecules with high molecular weight
- Polymers are frequently termed as macromolecules
Thermal Behavior of Resins
- Thermoplastic resins can be molded without undergoing chemical changes by softening them under heat
- They become liquid under high heat and soluble in organic solvents
- Thermoset resins undergo chemical reactions during the molding process
- The resulting material becomes chemically different from the original substance, infusible and insoluble
Dyed Synthetic Fibers
- They provide esthetics and stimulate blood vessels in the oral mucosa
Polymerization
- It involves the conversion of low molecular weight compounds called monomers into high molecular weight polymers
- Polymerization plays a crucial role in creating various types of synthetic resins
Components of Liquid (Monomer)
- Methyl methacrylate is a highly volatile monomer
- Hydroquinone acts as a storage inhibitor, preventing premature polymerization
- Glycol dimethacrylate is a cross-linking agent, enhancing the resin's resistance to cracks
- Organic amines decompose peroxide at room temperature, accelerating the polymerization process
Denture Base Resins
- There are three types of acrylic resin used in denture base construction: heat-cured, chemically cured, and light-cured resins
- The heat-cured resin is a popular choice for denture base construction, involves mixing powder (polymer) and liquid (monomer)
- The powder (polymer) is typically composed of poly(methyl methacrylate)
- The liquid (monomer) is primarily methyl methacrylate, a highly volatile and light-sensitive liquid
Stages of Polymerization
- The stages are essential for understanding the process of acrylic resin polymerization
- Stage 1 (Damp Sand Stage): The polymer gradually settles into the monomer
- Stage 2 (Sticky Stage): The monomer attacks the polymer, leading to stringiness and adhesiveness
- Stage 3 (Dough Stage): The mixture becomes saturated with polymer, resulting in a smooth, non-tacky mass that is suitable for packing into the mold space
- Stage 4 (Rubbery Stage): As the monomer evaporates, the resin becomes more cohesive and rubbery
- Stage 5 (Stiff Stage): The dough hardens completely, solidifying the resin into a durable denture base
Steps of Denture Base Construction using the Double-Pressing Technique
- Impression making
- Construction of master/working cast
- Construction of wax pattern for denture base
- Investing
- Wax elimination
- Preparation of the mold space
- Packing of resin into the mold space
- Trial closure
- Curing
- Deflasking
- Trimming/Polishing
Wax Elimination Procedure
- The wax pattern is softened by placing the assembly in boiling water for 5-10 minutes
- The softened wax is then removed using hot water, creating a mold space
- The mold space is cleaned and prepared for resin packing
Resin Packing
- The resin is packed into the mold space using a dough-molding or injection-molding technique
- The dough-molding technique involves mixing the resin with a specific polymer to monomer ratio, forming a dough-like consistency
- The injection-molding technique uses an injector to force the resin into the mold space
Curing/Processing Procedure
- The cured process involves heating the resin to induce polymerization
- The curing cycle can be rapid or slow
- Rapid curing involves immersing the flask in boiling water for a specific duration
- Slow curing involves immersing the flask in a water bath at a specific temperature for several hours
- Both rapid and slow cure cycles ensure proper polymerization and hardening of the dental resin
Key Facts
- The specific time and temperature for curing vary depending on the type of resin and manufacturers' recommendations
- The curing process should be carefully controlled to ensure optimal polymerization and result in a durable denture base
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of dental resins and their thermal behavior in this quiz. Delve into the science behind synthetic resins, polymerization processes, and the application of dyed synthetic fibers in dental aesthetics. Perfect for students of dental materials and polymer science.
