Dental Materials and Mouth Protectors Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a common material used for custom-made mouth protectors?

Polymethyl methacrylate

Polyethylene terephthalate

Natural rubber

Poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene polymer (correct)

Which factor is NOT associated with the preference for custom-made mouth protectors?

Low speech impairment

Cleanliness

Taste or odor (correct)

Durability

How long is the typical mixing time for amine-accelerated sealants?

10 to 15 seconds (correct)

15 to 20 seconds

5 to 10 seconds

20 to 30 seconds

What is one of the main types of injuries that custom-made mouth protectors aim to prevent?

Dental trauma (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding sealants is incorrect?

Sealants are not resistant to penetration. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In which sport were most injuries reported to occur when athletes were not wearing mouth protectors?

Soccer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What thickness range do most mouth protectors have?

1.6 to 3 mm (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the reapplication of sealant to correct defects?

It involves the same procedure as the initial application. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of applying fluoride gels?

To prevent smooth-surface caries (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are pit and fissure sealants applied to posterior teeth?

To prevent pit and fissure caries (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which fluoride product can cause staining when used?

Stannous fluoride (D) Signup and view all the answers

What pH range is considered effective for minimizing acid etching of restorative materials?

6 to 8 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended application time for APF gels to enhance effectiveness?

4 minutes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What secondary function can mouth protectors provide?

Preventing damage from bruxism (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the compositions used in acidulated phosphate-fluoride (APF) gels?

0.34% hydrogen fluoride (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of preventive dental material is contraindicated for patients with tooth sensitivity?

Acidulated phosphate-fluoride (APF) (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the viscosity of an effective fluoride gel?

Viscous enough for ease of handling (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a feature of the thixotropic fluoride product mentioned?

Thickening agents like polyacrylic acid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common property of fluoride varnishes used in dental applications?

They help reduce orthodontic decalcification (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of fluoride ions in preventive dental materials?

Lowering the incidence of dental caries (B) Signup and view all the answers

What common feature do fluoride gels, rinses, and varnishes share?

All include sodium fluoride (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which material is used as a mouth protector?

Custom-fabricated thermoplastic materials (B) Signup and view all the answers

What property of sodium fluoride products makes them effective in dental care?

Enhancing tooth remineralization (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible source of mouth protectors?

Custom-fitted options from dental professionals (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of sealants applied to teeth?

To seal cracks, pits, and fissures on occlusal surfaces. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor contributing to the high incidence of dental caries in children aged 5 to 17 years?

Presence of pits and fissures. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done immediately after the application of APF gels?

The patient should refrain from eating for 30 minutes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can cause incomplete enamel coalescence that leads to caries?

Deep pits and fissures on the enamel surface. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of burs can be used to prepare fissures for preventive resin restoration?

Fissurotomy burs, carbide burs, or air abrasion. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about fluoride and plaque control programs is true?

Their effectiveness in preventing caries has not been fully established. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are rinses not recommended for children younger than 6 years after applying sealants?

Rinsing can wash away the gel prematurely. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are APF gels used for in dental treatments?

To protect teeth from caries during the application process. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mouth protector is preferred by players?

Custom made (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue with improperly fabricated custom-made protectors?

Increased gagging and irritation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased thickness in a mouth protector?

Increased energy absorption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What issue is likely expected with all types of mouth protectors?

Staining (B) Signup and view all the answers

What process is used to form a mouth protector?

Vacuum forming (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of polyurethanes compared to other materials?

Higher values of water sorption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What common complaint might athletes have about harder mouth protector materials?

Uncomfortable feel (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is often a complication during the impression process for custom-made protectors?

Bite through (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene materials?

Easiest to fabricate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the fabrication of mouth protectors?

Taking an impression of the arch (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to smooth the edges of the mouth protector?

Flaming edges with a torch and moist fingers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should the model be trimmed to before the thermoplastic material is formed over it?

3 mm short of the labial fold (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of heating the center of the sheet of thermoplastic material?

To allow the sheet to sag (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is the mouth protector adjusted if the fit is not correct after forming?

Using an alcohol torch on contacting surfaces (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the fabrication process of mouth protectors?

Finishing the mouth protector (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is done to the mouth protector before placing it in the athlete's mouth?

It is dipped in warm water (C) Signup and view all the answers

What position should the model be centered in during the vacuum forming process?

On the vacuum former platform (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dental Materials: Preventative

Studies show fluoride lowers dental caries
Fluoride can be used as gels, trays, or varnishes

Fluoride Gels, Rinses, and Varnishes

Composition:
- Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gels: 2% sodium fluoride, 0.34% hydrogen fluoride, 0.98% phosphoric acid
- Sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride gels also available
- Varnishes containing 5% sodium fluoride are also available
Properties:
- APF gels may cause tooth sensitivity and worsen it
- Neutral topical sodium fluoride foam, gels and rinses available
- One product is thixotropic, containing sodium fluoride and thickening agents (polyacrylic acid and a gum)
- pH adjusted between 6 and 8
- Stannous fluoride products are effective but can stain teeth
Clinical Effectiveness:
- Clinical effectiveness varies by application method and frequency

Pit and Fissure Sealants

Composition and Reaction (Light-cured):
- Primarily resins with light-activated polymerization (490 nm wavelength)
- One-component systems, no mixing needed
Composition and Reaction (Self-cured):
- Two-component systems
- One component contains monomer and benzoyl peroxide initiator
- Another component contains diluted monomer with 5% organic amine accelerator
Properties:
- Penetration into fissures and etched enamel improves retention
- Complete fissure filling can be challenging due to trapped air and debris
- Acid etching improves sealant retention by cleaning, improving wettability, and increasing surface area for bonding
Clinical Significance:
- Sealants aim to prevent caries in pits and fissures by creating a protective barrier
- Fluoride and plaque control are not always effective in these areas

Mouth Protectors

Types and Composition:
- Stock, mouth-formed, and custom-made
- Materials may include thermoplastics, poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene (EVA), polyurethane, rubber latex, and vinyl plastisol
Advantages and Disadvantages of Mouth Protectors:
- Table provides comparisons based on fit, thickness, durability, comfort, ease of speaking, and cost
- Custom-made protectors are generally preferred by athletes, with advantages including superior fit, comfort, and cleanliness

Sealants: Manipulation

Steps for applying sealants:
- Clean, etch, and dry the occlusal surface
- Apply sealant to pits and fissures
- Polymerize the sealant
- Finish the sealant, removing excess material

Sealant Properties

Sealants should offer resistance to penetration with an explorer tip
Defects corrected by repeating the procedure and applying sealant to faulty areas
Fluoride applied after sealant polymerization

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Description

Test your knowledge on dental materials and the effectiveness of custom-made mouth protectors. This quiz covers various aspects, including sealants, fluoride applications, and sports-related injuries. Ideal for dental students or professionals looking to refresh their understanding.