Dental Materials and Mouth Protectors Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a common material used for custom-made mouth protectors?

  • Polymethyl methacrylate
  • Polyethylene terephthalate
  • Natural rubber
  • Poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene polymer (correct)
  • Which factor is NOT associated with the preference for custom-made mouth protectors?

  • Low speech impairment
  • Cleanliness
  • Taste or odor (correct)
  • Durability
  • How long is the typical mixing time for amine-accelerated sealants?

  • 10 to 15 seconds (correct)
  • 15 to 20 seconds
  • 5 to 10 seconds
  • 20 to 30 seconds
  • What is one of the main types of injuries that custom-made mouth protectors aim to prevent?

    <p>Dental trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding sealants is incorrect?

    <p>Sealants are not resistant to penetration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which sport were most injuries reported to occur when athletes were not wearing mouth protectors?

    <p>Soccer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What thickness range do most mouth protectors have?

    <p>1.6 to 3 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the reapplication of sealant to correct defects?

    <p>It involves the same procedure as the initial application.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of applying fluoride gels?

    <p>To prevent smooth-surface caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are pit and fissure sealants applied to posterior teeth?

    <p>To prevent pit and fissure caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluoride product can cause staining when used?

    <p>Stannous fluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pH range is considered effective for minimizing acid etching of restorative materials?

    <p>6 to 8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended application time for APF gels to enhance effectiveness?

    <p>4 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What secondary function can mouth protectors provide?

    <p>Preventing damage from bruxism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the compositions used in acidulated phosphate-fluoride (APF) gels?

    <p>0.34% hydrogen fluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of preventive dental material is contraindicated for patients with tooth sensitivity?

    <p>Acidulated phosphate-fluoride (APF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the viscosity of an effective fluoride gel?

    <p>Viscous enough for ease of handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of the thixotropic fluoride product mentioned?

    <p>Thickening agents like polyacrylic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common property of fluoride varnishes used in dental applications?

    <p>They help reduce orthodontic decalcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of fluoride ions in preventive dental materials?

    <p>Lowering the incidence of dental caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common feature do fluoride gels, rinses, and varnishes share?

    <p>All include sodium fluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is used as a mouth protector?

    <p>Custom-fabricated thermoplastic materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of sodium fluoride products makes them effective in dental care?

    <p>Enhancing tooth remineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible source of mouth protectors?

    <p>Custom-fitted options from dental professionals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary purpose of sealants applied to teeth?

    <p>To seal cracks, pits, and fissures on occlusal surfaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common factor contributing to the high incidence of dental caries in children aged 5 to 17 years?

    <p>Presence of pits and fissures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done immediately after the application of APF gels?

    <p>The patient should refrain from eating for 30 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause incomplete enamel coalescence that leads to caries?

    <p>Deep pits and fissures on the enamel surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of burs can be used to prepare fissures for preventive resin restoration?

    <p>Fissurotomy burs, carbide burs, or air abrasion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about fluoride and plaque control programs is true?

    <p>Their effectiveness in preventing caries has not been fully established.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are rinses not recommended for children younger than 6 years after applying sealants?

    <p>Rinsing can wash away the gel prematurely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are APF gels used for in dental treatments?

    <p>To protect teeth from caries during the application process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mouth protector is preferred by players?

    <p>Custom made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue with improperly fabricated custom-made protectors?

    <p>Increased gagging and irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increased thickness in a mouth protector?

    <p>Increased energy absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue is likely expected with all types of mouth protectors?

    <p>Staining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is used to form a mouth protector?

    <p>Vacuum forming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of polyurethanes compared to other materials?

    <p>Higher values of water sorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common complaint might athletes have about harder mouth protector materials?

    <p>Uncomfortable feel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often a complication during the impression process for custom-made protectors?

    <p>Bite through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene materials?

    <p>Easiest to fabricate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the fabrication of mouth protectors?

    <p>Taking an impression of the arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to smooth the edges of the mouth protector?

    <p>Flaming edges with a torch and moist fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the model be trimmed to before the thermoplastic material is formed over it?

    <p>3 mm short of the labial fold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of heating the center of the sheet of thermoplastic material?

    <p>To allow the sheet to sag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the mouth protector adjusted if the fit is not correct after forming?

    <p>Using an alcohol torch on contacting surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the fabrication process of mouth protectors?

    <p>Finishing the mouth protector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is done to the mouth protector before placing it in the athlete's mouth?

    <p>It is dipped in warm water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What position should the model be centered in during the vacuum forming process?

    <p>On the vacuum former platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dental Materials: Preventative

    • Studies show fluoride lowers dental caries
    • Fluoride can be used as gels, trays, or varnishes

    Fluoride Gels, Rinses, and Varnishes

    • Composition:
      • Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gels: 2% sodium fluoride, 0.34% hydrogen fluoride, 0.98% phosphoric acid
      • Sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride gels also available
      • Varnishes containing 5% sodium fluoride are also available
    • Properties:
      • APF gels may cause tooth sensitivity and worsen it
      • Neutral topical sodium fluoride foam, gels and rinses available
      • One product is thixotropic, containing sodium fluoride and thickening agents (polyacrylic acid and a gum)
      • pH adjusted between 6 and 8
      • Stannous fluoride products are effective but can stain teeth
    • Clinical Effectiveness:
      • Clinical effectiveness varies by application method and frequency

    Pit and Fissure Sealants

    • Composition and Reaction (Light-cured):
      • Primarily resins with light-activated polymerization (490 nm wavelength)
      • One-component systems, no mixing needed
    • Composition and Reaction (Self-cured):
      • Two-component systems
      • One component contains monomer and benzoyl peroxide initiator
      • Another component contains diluted monomer with 5% organic amine accelerator
    • Properties:
      • Penetration into fissures and etched enamel improves retention
      • Complete fissure filling can be challenging due to trapped air and debris
      • Acid etching improves sealant retention by cleaning, improving wettability, and increasing surface area for bonding
    • Clinical Significance:
      • Sealants aim to prevent caries in pits and fissures by creating a protective barrier
      • Fluoride and plaque control are not always effective in these areas

    Mouth Protectors

    • Types and Composition:
      • Stock, mouth-formed, and custom-made
      • Materials may include thermoplastics, poly(vinyl acetate)-polyethylene (EVA), polyurethane, rubber latex, and vinyl plastisol
    • Advantages and Disadvantages of Mouth Protectors:
      • Table provides comparisons based on fit, thickness, durability, comfort, ease of speaking, and cost
      • Custom-made protectors are generally preferred by athletes, with advantages including superior fit, comfort, and cleanliness

    Sealants: Manipulation

    • Steps for applying sealants:
      • Clean, etch, and dry the occlusal surface
      • Apply sealant to pits and fissures
      • Polymerize the sealant
      • Finish the sealant, removing excess material

    Sealant Properties

    • Sealants should offer resistance to penetration with an explorer tip
    • Defects corrected by repeating the procedure and applying sealant to faulty areas
    • Fluoride applied after sealant polymerization

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on dental materials and the effectiveness of custom-made mouth protectors. This quiz covers various aspects, including sealants, fluoride applications, and sports-related injuries. Ideal for dental students or professionals looking to refresh their understanding.

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