Dental Instruments Overview
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Dental Instruments Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which material is harder but more prone to corrosion when unprotected?

  • Stainless Steel
  • Carbon Steel (correct)
  • Cobalt Alloy
  • Nickel Alloy

    • All hand cutting instruments are made from stainless steel.

    False

    Name one type of cutting instrument used in operative dentistry.

    Excavators

    The working surface of a cutting tool is known as the ______.

    <p>blade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following dental instruments with their categories:

    <p>Excavators = Cutting Instruments Probes = Noncutting Instruments Chisels = Cutting Instruments Amalgam Condenser = Noncutting Instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part connects the blade to the handle in most dental instruments?

    <p>Shank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Powered cutting instruments are typically manual and require hand strength to operate.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used in the manufacture of hand cutting instruments to provide a more durable edge?

    <p>Carbide inserts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main parts of a hand instrument?

    <p>Blade, Shank, Handle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A straight handpiece uses a bur that is nearly vertical to the long axis of the handpiece.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using high-speed rotary instruments?

    <p>They are more effective for cutting tooth structure and reduce heat production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rotational speed of an instrument is measured in __________.

    <p>revolutions per minute (rpm)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following rotary speed ranges with their descriptions:

    <p>Low speed = Below 12,000 rpm Medium speed = 12,000 to 200,000 rpm High speed = Above 200,000 rpm Ultrahigh speed = Not typically distinguished in standard use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technological improvement allows modern handpieces to provide better visibility during procedures?

    <p>Fiber-optic lighting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbide burs last longer at low speeds compared to high speeds.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are low-speed instruments sometimes preferred for certain dental procedures?

    <p>They provide better tactile sensation and less chance of overheating the cut surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major advantage of using diamond and carbide cutting instruments?

    <p>They remove tooth structures faster with less pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lasers used in dentistry have potential applications only for hard tooth structures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of laser commonly used in dentistry.

    <p>CO2 laser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ cutting method was tested but did not gain general acceptance due to several clinical issues.

    <p>air-abrasive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a drawback of air-abrasive cutting?

    <p>Abrasive dust can interfere with visibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Multiple teeth in the same arch can be treated in a single appointment.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List one benefit of using high-speed cutting instruments.

    <p>Instruments last longer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of handpiece shank is used predominantly at low and medium speed ranges for finishing procedures?

    <p>Latch-type angle handpiece shank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The friction-grip shank design is used primarily for low-speed handpieces.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main parts of a rotary cutting instrument?

    <p>head, neck, and shank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ portion of the rotary cutting instrument is responsible for fitting into the handpiece.

    <p>shank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of handpiece shanks with their main uses:

    <p>Straight handpiece shank = Caries excavation and polishing restorations Latch-type angle handpiece shank = Finishing procedures at low and medium speeds Friction-grip angle handpiece shank = Tooth preparation at high speeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which handpiece shank design is described as having a more complicated shape?

    <p>Latch-type angle handpiece shank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Air abrasion can produce well-defined preparation wall and margin details.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the neck in a rotary cutting instrument?

    <p>To transmit rotational forces to the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main classifications of rotary instruments based on their mechanism of cutting?

    <p>Bladed instruments and abrasive instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbide burs perform better than steel burs at all speeds.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are dental burs primarily used for?

    <p>Tooth preparation, finishing of metal restoration, and surgical removal of bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Abrasive instruments are based on small, angular particles of a hard substance held in a matrix of __________ material.

    <p>softer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of dental burs with their descriptions:

    <p>Steel burs = Perform well at low speeds but dull quickly at high speeds Carbide burs = Largely replaced steel burs for better performance Diamond instruments = Consist of metal blank with powdered diamond abrasive Bladed instruments = Cutting instruments with sharp edges on heads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary material used in the construction of diamond instruments?

    <p>Powdered diamond abrasive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shape classification of dental burs includes round, inverted cone, and straight fissure.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main materials used to make dental burs?

    <p>Steel and carbide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dental Instruments

    • Dental instruments are tools used for specific procedures in dentistry.
    • Hand Cutting Instruments are powered by hand and typically made of carbon steel or stainless steel.
    • Carbon steel is harder but more prone to corrosion, while stainless steel is more resistant to corrosion but dulls quickly.
    • Carbide is harder and more wear-resistant but brittle.
    • There are a variety of hand instruments categorized based on their use:
      • Cutting Instruments for shaping dental structures: excavators, chisels, knives, files, scalers, and carvers.
      • Non-Cutting Instruments: amalgam condensers, mirrors, probes, and explorers.
    • Most hand instruments have three parts: handle, shank, and blade (or nib for non-cutting instruments).
    • Powered Cutting Instruments are used for cutting and shaping tooth structures and are powered by compressed air or electric motors.
    • Handpieces are devices for holding rotary instruments.
    • There are two main types of handpieces:
      • Straight handpiece with a long straight bur.
      • Contra-angle handpiece with two angles for better positioning.
    • Rotary Speed Ranges of handpieces include:
      • Low Speed: below 12,000 rpm, typically used for cleaning, caries removal (occasionally), finishing, and polishing.
      • Medium Speed: 12,000 to 200,000 rpm.
      • High Speed: above 200,000 rpm, used for tooth preparation, removing old restorations, and achieving faster cutting.
    • Advantages of High-Speed Handpieces:
      • Faster cutting with less pressure, vibration, and heat generation.
      • Increased operator control and ease of operation.
      • Longer instrument lifespan.
      • Less patient apprehension due to reduced vibration and time.
    • Laser Equipment utilizes beams of coherent and high-intensity light for various dental procedures on soft and hard tissues.
    • Common lasers used in dentistry include CO2, ND: YAG, and Er: YAG.
    • Other Equipment includes air abrasive devices, primarily for stain removal, debriding pit and fissures, and surface roughening for bonding.
    • Air abrasion is not ideal for creating well-defined preparation details compared to conventional instruments.
    • Rotary Instruments used for preparing teeth are categorized as Dental Burs or Abrasive Instruments.
    • Dental Burs are shaped for various clinical applications and are made of steel or carbide.
    • Carbide Burs offer better performance than steel burs, especially at higher speeds.
    • Abrasive Instruments consist of hard particles embedded in a softer matrix, primarily diamond or other materials.
    • Diamond Instruments are classified based on head shapes and sizes, offering a wide variety of options for specific procedures.

    Rotary Instruments Design

    • Common Design of rotary instruments includes a head, neck, and shank.
    • Shank Design varies for straight handpiece instruments, latch-type angle handpiece instruments, and friction-grip angle handpiece instruments.
    • Neck Design connects the head and shank, usually tapering from shank diameter to a smaller size near the head.
    • Head Design is the working part of the instrument and is the primary basis for classifying rotary instruments.
    • Bladed Instruments and Abrasive Instruments are classified based on their cutting mechanism.
    • Bur Shape refers to the contour of the head, including round, inverted cone, pear, straight fissure, and taper fissure shapes.

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    Dental Instruments PDF

    Description

    Explore the essential dental instruments used in dentistry. This quiz covers hand cutting instruments and their materials, various classifications, and differences between powered and non-powered tools. Test your knowledge on the crucial tools for dental practices.

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