Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the typical consistency of healthy gingiva?
What is the typical consistency of healthy gingiva?
- Firm (correct)
- Soft and pliable
- Boggy
- Spongy and loose
Which color is typically associated with gingivitis?
Which color is typically associated with gingivitis?
- Various shades of red (correct)
- Bluish/purplish
- Uniform pink
- Dark brown
What happens to the junctional epithelium in periodontitis?
What happens to the junctional epithelium in periodontitis?
- It remains coronal to the CEJ
- It attaches to the enamel
- It displays no attachment changes
- It moves apical to the CEJ (correct)
What is a characteristic feature of the texture of gingivitis?
What is a characteristic feature of the texture of gingivitis?
Which statement accurately describes the alveolar bone in gingivitis?
Which statement accurately describes the alveolar bone in gingivitis?
What change occurs in gingival fibers during gingivitis?
What change occurs in gingival fibers during gingivitis?
How does the gingival margin typically appear in periodontitis?
How does the gingival margin typically appear in periodontitis?
What histological change occurs in the junctional epithelium in gingivitis?
What histological change occurs in the junctional epithelium in gingivitis?
What feature is characteristic of the consistency of periodontitis?
What feature is characteristic of the consistency of periodontitis?
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the clinical appearance of healthy gingiva?
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the clinical appearance of healthy gingiva?
What is true pocketing?
What is true pocketing?
Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with gingivitis?
Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with gingivitis?
What is a defining characteristic of periodontitis compared to gingivitis?
What is a defining characteristic of periodontitis compared to gingivitis?
How is a false pocket characterized?
How is a false pocket characterized?
Which of the following is not a symptom of periodontitis?
Which of the following is not a symptom of periodontitis?
What typically leads to clinical attachment loss?
What typically leads to clinical attachment loss?
Which statement correctly describes the effects of gingivitis?
Which statement correctly describes the effects of gingivitis?
What may indicate a need for immediate dental treatment due to periodontitis?
What may indicate a need for immediate dental treatment due to periodontitis?
Which of these conditions could exacerbate gingivitis?
Which of these conditions could exacerbate gingivitis?
Which factor distinguishes the severity of periodontitis?
Which factor distinguishes the severity of periodontitis?
Flashcards
Junctional Epithelium (JE)
Junctional Epithelium (JE)
The inner layer of the gingiva, attached to the tooth.
Sulcular Epithelium
Sulcular Epithelium
The outermost layer of the gingiva, visible to the naked eye.
Gingival Fibers
Gingival Fibers
A group of strong fibers that support the JE, keeping it firmly attached to the tooth.
Periodontal Ligament (PDL)
Periodontal Ligament (PDL)
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Gingivitis
Gingivitis
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Periodontitis
Periodontitis
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Healthy JE attachment
Healthy JE attachment
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JE changes in gingivitis
JE changes in gingivitis
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JE migration in periodontitis
JE migration in periodontitis
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Gingival fiber damage
Gingival fiber damage
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False pocketing
False pocketing
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True pocketing
True pocketing
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Clinical attachment loss (CAL)
Clinical attachment loss (CAL)
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Gingivitis symptoms
Gingivitis symptoms
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Periodontitis symptoms
Periodontitis symptoms
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Alveolar bone destruction
Alveolar bone destruction
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Periodontal ligament fiber destruction
Periodontal ligament fiber destruction
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Permanent destruction of epithelium
Permanent destruction of epithelium
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Study Notes
Healthy Gingiva
- Color: Uniform pink, possibly pigmented.
- Contour: Marginal gingiva (MG) meets tooth at a tapered or slightly rounded edge; Interdental papilla (IDP) is pointed, filling the space between teeth.
- Consistency: Firm.
- Texture: Smooth and/or stippled.
- Bleeding: No bleeding on probing.
- Margin: Slightly coronal to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), scalloped.
- Histology: Junctional epithelium (JE) firmly attached to enamel, coronal to CEJ; intact supragingival fiber bundles supporting the JE; alveolar bone intact, 2-3mm apical to JE base; intact periodontal ligament fibers (PDL).
Gingivitis
- Clinical Appearance: Red.
- Color: Various shades of red.
- Contour: MG rolled and thickened; IDP rounded, blunted, bulbous, losing knife edge.
- Consistency: Spongy, loose, boggy.
- Texture: Shiny, stretched.
- Bleeding: Bleeding on probing.
- Margin: Coronal to CEJ (due to swelling).
- Histology: JE still attached to enamel, coronal to CEJ; JE extends epithelial ridges into connective tissue; reversible damage to supragingival fiber bundles; alveolar bone intact.
Periodontitis
- Clinical Appearance: Health (but often with signs of inflammation).
- Color: Oedematous tissue – bluish/purplish; fibrotic – pink, nodular.
- Contour: MG swollen or fibrotic, loss of knife edge; position of MG varies with recession; IDP may be lost, cratered, blunted.
- Consistency: Spongy or fibrotic.
- Texture: Shiny or nodular.
- Bleeding: Bleeding and suppuration.
- Margin: Below the CEJ.
- Histology: JE apical to CEJ, attached to cementum. Permanent destruction of some or all of the fibers, especially gingival fibres. Permanent destruction of alveolar bone. Permanent destruction of some or all of the PDL fibres.
False Pocketing vs. True Pocketing
- False Pocketing (Pseudopocket): Caused by gingival enlargement; probing depth suggests a pocket, but there's no apical migration of the junctional epithelium.
- True Pocketing: Probing depth increase (4mm+) due to apical migration of the junctional epithelium.
Patient Symptoms
- Gingivitis/Periodontitis: Inflammation of gingiva; teeth may appear yellowish; bleeding gingiva; bad breath (halitosis); tooth mobility (periodontitis); recession (periodontitis); soreness.
Gingivitis vs. Periodontitis
- Gingivitis: Bacterial infection confined to the gingiva; reversible destruction.
- Periodontitis: Bacterial infection of all parts of the periodontium; irreversible destruction.
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