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Dental Cement Characteristics Quiz
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Dental Cement Characteristics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the pH of the cement after mixing?

  • Alkaline
  • Basic
  • Neutral (correct)
  • Acidic

    • Which type of cement is regarded as having excellent biological compatibility with the pulp?

  • Glass Ionomer Cement (correct)
  • Zinc Oxide Eugenol
  • Resin Coating
  • Reinforced ZOE cement

    • What is the working time for Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)?

  • 7-10 minutes (correct)
  • 3-5 minutes
  • More than 10 minutes
  • Less than 3 minutes

    • Which material is recommended for the protection of cement during its maturation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does fluoride release from glass ionomer cements help prevent?

    <p>Secondary caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do zinc oxide eugenol cements contain to reduce brittleness and increase working time and strength?

    <p>Rosin (abietic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when zinc oxide reacts with eugenol in zinc oxide eugenol cements?

    <p>Zinc eugenolate chelate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cement is considered suitable for temporary cementation due to its low strength?

    <p>(EBA) Zinc oxide eugenol cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is added to zinc oxide eugenol cements as an accelerator?

    <p>Acetic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the setting time for glass ionomer cement?

    <p>24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does water play in the proper maturation of Glass Ionomer Cement?

    <p>Plays a key role in proper maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cement is known for its antibacterial activity and anodyne effect on dental pulp?

    <p>Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the oldest cement and acts as the gold standard by which newer materials are compared?

    <p>Zinc Oxide Eugenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ideal requirements of dental cements according to Donovan's classification?

    <p>Non-toxic, insoluble, mechanical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cement is known for its adhesion to enamel and dentine?

    <p>Resin Cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is NOT an ideal requirement of dental cements according to Donovan?

    <p>High cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of dental cements?

    <p>To act as a base, liner, filling, or adhesive to bind prosthesis to the tooth structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cement is known for its obtundent effect on pulp?

    <p>Zinc Oxide Eugenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cement is considered as one of the contemporary cements?

    <p>Resin Modified GIC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cement is not classified under conventional cements according to Donovan's classification?

    <p>Resin Cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two contemporary cements mentioned in the text?

    <p>Resin Modified GIC and Glass Ionomer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cement is known for its adhesion to enamel and dentine?

    <p>Resin Cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of concern regarding the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>Potential risk of heat production during the setting reaction causing pulpal inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of buffers in reducing the risk of pulpal inflammation during the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>To counteract the acidity of phosphoric acid in the liquid component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does sandblasting the fitting surface of the cast restoration prior to luting affect the retention of zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>Increases retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable disadvantage of including fluoride into zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>Weakens the cement as it disrupts the matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario would a runny mix of zinc phosphate cement have a pH as low as 3?

    <p>When it is mixed with a larger amount of liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique advantage of zinc polycarboxylate cement over zinc phosphate cement in terms of retention?

    <p>It forms tags between micro-irregularities on two surfaces being luted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinctive feature of poly(acrylic acid) chains in zinc polycarboxylate cement?

    <p>They cross-link through the zinc ions of zinc oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable difference between the erosion resistance of zinc polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement exhibits less resistance to erosion than zinc phosphate cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes zinc polycarboxylate cement from zinc phosphate cement in terms of cario-static properties?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement provides no cariostatic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the compressive strength of zinc polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>The compressive strength of zinc polycarboxylate is greater than that of zinc phosphate cement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between the mode of retention in zinc polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement exhibits more chemical adhesion to tooth structure without relying on mechanical retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical reaction of zinc phosphate cement considered to be?

    <p>exothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Type I lute thickness for zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>less than 25μm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two methods used by manufacturers to reduce the potential risk of pulpal inflammation during the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>including buffers in the liquid component, treating the powder by heating it to above 1000°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>grouting the potential space between the cast and tooth preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of the cement after mixing?

    <p>as low as 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fluoride in zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>imparting some cariostatic properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable disadvantage of including fluoride into zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>weakening the cement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of retention in zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>grouting and mechanical interlocking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main retention source in zinc polycarboxylate cement?

    <p>chemical adhesion to the tooth structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the compressive strength of zinc polycarboxylate cement compared to zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between the erosion resistance of zinc polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>zinc polycarboxylate is less resistant to erosion than zinc phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinctive feature of poly(acrylic acid) chains in zinc polycarboxylate cement?

    <p>cross-link through the zinc ions of the zinc oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main risk associated with the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>Potential for pulpal inflammation due to the exothermic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do manufacturers attempt to reduce the risk of pulpal inflammation caused by the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>By including buffers in the liquid component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does fluoride play when included in zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>Imparts cariostatic properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should sandblasting be performed on the fitting surface of cast restoration prior to luting with zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>To increase retention by forming tags between micro-irregularities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum film thickness for Type I zinc phosphate cement luting?

    <p>25 μm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when zinc oxide and poly(acrylic acid) come into contact in zinc polycarboxylate cement?

    <p>Salt matrix of zinc polyacrylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does polyacrylic acid contribute to the mode of retention in zinc polycarboxylate cement?

    <p>It enhances mechanical bonding to tooth structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended not to store the liquid component of zinc polycarboxylate cement in the fridge?

    <p>It decreases the plasticity of the cement at placement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of zinc polycarboxylate cement compared to zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>It is more prone to erosion in acidic environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of adhesion does zinc polycarboxylate cement exhibit towards tooth structure?

    <p>Mechanical adhesion through tags formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the addition of fluoride have on mechanical properties of zinc polycarboxylate cement?

    <p>Enhances chemical bonding and pH neutrality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ideal requirements of dental cements according to Donovan's classification?

    <p>Non-toxic, Nonirritant to pulp and tissue; Insoluble; Mechanical Properties; Adhesion to enamel and dentine; Bacteriostatic; Obtundent effect on pulp; Thermal, chemical and electrical insulation; Optical Properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes zinc polycarboxylate cement from zinc phosphate cement in terms of cario-static properties?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement has cario-static properties due to its ability to release fluoride, whereas zinc phosphate cement does not have this property.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of dental cements?

    <p>To act as a base, liner, filling, or adhesive to bind prosthesis to the tooth structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of the cement after mixing?

    <p>Low, typically acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of buffers in reducing the risk of pulpal inflammation during the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>Buffers help to maintain the pH and reduce acidity, thereby reducing the risk of pulpal inflammation during the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the setting time for glass ionomer cement?

    <p>Variable, depending on the specific formulation and manufacturer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinctive feature of poly(acrylic acid) chains in zinc polycarboxylate cement?

    <p>Poly(acrylic acid) chains in zinc polycarboxylate cement contribute to its adhesion to enamel and dentine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable difference between the erosion resistance of zinc polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement is more erosion-resistant compared to zinc phosphate cement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of concern regarding the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>The main cause of concern is the potential risk of pulpal inflammation due to the acidity during the setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique advantage of zinc polycarboxylate cement over zinc phosphate cement in terms of retention?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement has the advantage of chemical adhesion, providing better retention compared to zinc phosphate cement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the working time for Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)?

    <p>The working time varies depending on the specific formulation and manufacturer of GIC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes zinc polycarboxylate cement from zinc phosphate cement in terms of antibacterial activity and anodyne effect on dental pulp?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement is known for its antibacterial activity and anodyne effect on dental pulp, whereas zinc phosphate cement does not possess these properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the working time for Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)?

    <p>3-5 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the setting time for GIC?

    <p>7-10 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when zinc oxide reacts with eugenol in zinc oxide eugenol cements?

    <p>zinc eugenolate chelate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two contemporary cements mentioned in the text?

    <p>Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) and Zinc Polycarboxylate Cement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between the mode of retention in zinc polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement bonds to enamel, dentine, and alloys, while zinc phosphate cement bonds primarily to the tooth structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable disadvantage of including fluoride into zinc phosphate cement?

    <p>Fluoride release can lead to erosion of the cement and reduced strength over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario would a runny mix of zinc phosphate cement have a pH as low as 3?

    <p>If the cement mix is too runny, it may have a low pH of 3.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of dental cements?

    <p>The main function of dental cements is to bond restorations to teeth and protect the pulp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cement is known for its obtundent effect on pulp?

    <p>Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cements (ZOE cements)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cement is regarded as having excellent biological compatibility with the pulp?

    <p>Zinc Polycarboxylate Cement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable difference between the erosion resistance of zinc polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements?

    <p>Zinc polycarboxylate cement has higher erosion resistance compared to zinc phosphate cement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ideal requirements of dental cements according to Donovan's classification?

    <p>The ideal requirements of dental cements include adhesion, biocompatibility, and minimal irritation to the pulp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The material is generally supplied as zinc oxide powder and ______ acid liquid.

    <p>phosphoric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The setting reaction of zinc phosphate cements is a two-stage process. 1- The zinc oxide in the powder reacts with the ______ acid in the liquid to form zinc phosphate and water.

    <p>phosphoric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical reaction of zinc phosphate cement is the most exothermic of all the dental cements and so there is a potential risk that the heat produced during the setting reaction could cause ______ inflammation.

    <p>pulpal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There are two methods by which manufacturers attempt to reduce this: (1) By including buffers in the liquid component, (2) Treating the powder by heating it to above ______°C.

    <p>1000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zinc phosphate cements do not adhere to either tooth tissue or ______ materials.

    <p>restorative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cement forms tags between the micro-irregularities on the two surfaces being ______.

    <p>luted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the clinical scenario, the set cement exposed to the oral environment will be subjected to cyclical changes in pH, which frequently falls below ______.

    <p>4.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The addition of the fluoride salt does, however weaken the cement because it is present as inclusions which disrupt the ______.

    <p>matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mechanical properties of the final cement are dependent on the powder/liquid ratio used. The mechanical properties increase with increased powder content until a point is reached where the material will not mix to a ______ mass.

    <p>homogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phosphoric acid is highly acidic and for this reason there has been concern that its acidity may have detrimental effects on the ______, such as pulpal inflammation and possibly pulpal death.

    <p>pulp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Because of the polyacrylic acid molecules, there is some form of chemical adhesion to the tooth structure. When zinc polycarboxylate cement is used, the bond occurs between the carboxylic acid groups in the liquid polyacrylic acid and the ______ in the tooth structure.

    <p>calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cement is prone to erosion as the pH of the mouth becomes more ______.

    <p>acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dental cements harden to act as a base, liner, filling, or adhesive to bind prosthesis to the tooth structure. This defines a cement as a substance that ______.

    <p>hardens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Donovan, the ideal requirements of dental cements include being non-toxic, nonirritant to pulp and tissue, insoluble, and having good ______ properties.

    <p>mechanical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zinc phosphate cement is regarded as the gold standard by which newer materials are ______.

    <p>compared</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contemporary cements include resin modified GIC and resin ______.

    <p>cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zinc oxide eugenol cements are known for their ______ effect on pulp.

    <p>obtundent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glass Ionomer Cement is known for its adhesion to enamel and ______.

    <p>dentine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zinc polycarboxylate cement is regarded as having excellent biological compatibility with the ______.

    <p>pulp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluoride release from glass ionomer cements helps prevent ______.

    <p>caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical reaction of zinc phosphate cement is considered to be ______.

    <p>acid-base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polyacrylic acid contributes to the mode of retention in zinc polycarboxylate cement through its ______ properties.

    <p>adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zinc phosphate cement is known for its ______ effect on pulp.

    <p>obtundent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When included in zinc phosphate cement, fluoride has a notable ______ effect.

    <p>biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) sets rapidly in the mouth, within 3-5 minutes, and hardens to form a body having translucency that matches enamel. The setting time for GIC is ________

    <p>7-10 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cements are available for both temporary cementation and permanent fixation of metallic and metallo-ceramic crowns and bridges. Due to an inhibitory effect of eugenol on polymerization of methacrylate-based resins and luting composites, temporary cements using nonphenolic components are often preferred over conventional formulations. Their popularity is justified by their ease of use, antibacterial action, and ______ effect on dental pulp.

    <p>anodyne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reinforced ZOE cements, such as EBA-eugenol cements, may be used in crown cementation, temporary dressing, or as a cavity liner. EBA-eugenol cements can be several times stronger than the basic formulation of zinc oxide eugenol, with a compression strength of 72 MPa versus 26 MPa at room temperature. EBA-alumina cements can present 20% higher strength compared to EBA-eugenol materials. EBA-eugenol cements are reinforced with ______ acid (EBA).

    <p>ethoxy benzoic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metabolism of the bacteria that cause caries is inhibited and the resistance of enamel and dentine is increased due to the remineralization of porous or softened enamel and dentine. Sustained, long-term fluoride release, especially in marginal gaps between filling material and tooth, helps prevent secondary caries of dental tissue. For conventional GIC, an initial release of up 10 ppm and constant long-term release of 1 to 3 ppm over 100 months was reported. Aesthetic: Glass ionomer has got a degree of translucency because of its glass filler. Unlike resin, glass ionomer will not be affected by oral fluids. Because of slow hydration reaction, glass ionomer cements take at least 24 hrs. to fully mature and develop ______.

    <p>translucency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical reaction of zinc phosphate cement is the most exothermic of all the dental cements, and so there is a potential risk that the heat produced during the setting reaction could cause ______ inflammation.

    <p>pulpal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eugenol released from the salt matrix may contribute to pain relief in preparations with little remaining dentin thickness. However, in high concentrations or when placed directly in contact with connective tissue, it may increase the inflammatory response because of its ______.

    <p>cytotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Donovan, the ideal requirements of dental cements include being non-toxic, nonirritant to pulp and tissue, insoluble, and having good ______ properties.

    <p>mechanical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The biological compatibility of the cement with the pulp is regarded as being excellent. There is some release of zinc fluoride and poly(acrylic acid), but these do not appear to affect the tissues in clinical use. This cement continues to maintain some presence in the marketplace because it offers good biocompatibility with pulp tissue. Advantages include not releasing fluoride, bonding to enamel, dentine, and alloys, low irritation, and easy manipulation. Disadvantages include short mixing/working times, sensitivity to manipulation techniques, and lower compressive strength when compared to zinc phosphate. This cement is used for the cementation of metal crowns and bridges, and it does not bond well to untreated gold restorations. This description is for ______ cement.

    <p>zinc polycarboxylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cement’s pH returns to neutral within a short period of time after mixing, and the cement is less acidic than zinc phosphate. The biological compatibility of the cement with the pulp is regarded as being excellent. There is some release of zinc fluoride and poly(acrylic acid), but these do not appear to affect the tissues in clinical use. This cement continues to maintain some presence in the marketplace because it offers good biocompatibility with pulp tissue. Advantages include not releasing fluoride, bonding to enamel, dentine, and alloys, low irritation, and easy manipulation. Disadvantages include short mixing/working times, sensitivity to manipulation techniques, and lower compressive strength when compared to ______.

    <p>zinc phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cement forms tags between the micro-irregularities on the two surfaces being ______.

    <p>luted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mechanical properties of the final cement are dependent on the powder/liquid ratio used. The mechanical properties increase with increased powder content until a point is reached where the material will not mix to a ______ mass.

    <p>homogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Donovan, the ideal requirements of dental cements include being non-toxic, nonirritant to pulp and tissue, insoluble, and having good ______ properties.

    <p>mechanical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cement is generally supplied as zinc oxide powder and ______ acid liquid.

    <p>phosphoric</p> Signup and view all the answers

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