Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of teeth are classified as posterior teeth?
Which type of teeth are classified as posterior teeth?
What distinguishes deciduous teeth from permanent teeth?
What distinguishes deciduous teeth from permanent teeth?
How many molars are typically found in each quadrant of the oral cavity?
How many molars are typically found in each quadrant of the oral cavity?
What is the relationship of the teeth to the skull bone primarily concerned with?
What is the relationship of the teeth to the skull bone primarily concerned with?
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Which section of the mouth is referred to as the upper arch?
Which section of the mouth is referred to as the upper arch?
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What type of teeth includes the central incisor and lateral incisor?
What type of teeth includes the central incisor and lateral incisor?
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What is the primary function of incisors?
What is the primary function of incisors?
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In which region are the teeth arranged in two arches?
In which region are the teeth arranged in two arches?
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What age range does the primary dentition occur?
What age range does the primary dentition occur?
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Which type of teeth are not preceded by deciduous teeth?
Which type of teeth are not preceded by deciduous teeth?
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How many teeth are present in the primary dentition?
How many teeth are present in the primary dentition?
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During which dentition period are children most likely to experience crowding and malposed teeth?
During which dentition period are children most likely to experience crowding and malposed teeth?
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What is the primary function of the incisor teeth?
What is the primary function of the incisor teeth?
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At what age does the transition from mixed dentition to permanent dentition typically begin?
At what age does the transition from mixed dentition to permanent dentition typically begin?
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Which trait distinguishes teeth by function?
Which trait distinguishes teeth by function?
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What physiological process leads to the loss of primary teeth?
What physiological process leads to the loss of primary teeth?
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What is the age range for the eruption of the 2nd molar?
What is the age range for the eruption of the 2nd molar?
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At birth, which of the following indicates the amount of calcified tissue for a tooth that has not yet erupted?
At birth, which of the following indicates the amount of calcified tissue for a tooth that has not yet erupted?
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Which condition of teeth is typical at 6 months of age?
Which condition of teeth is typical at 6 months of age?
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By the age of 3 years, which statement about deciduous teeth is true?
By the age of 3 years, which statement about deciduous teeth is true?
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What portion of the root is typically calcified at 6 months of age for non-erupted teeth?
What portion of the root is typically calcified at 6 months of age for non-erupted teeth?
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What does the first digit of the tooth code signify in the universal numbering system?
What does the first digit of the tooth code signify in the universal numbering system?
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Which numbering range represents permanent teeth in the universal numbering system?
Which numbering range represents permanent teeth in the universal numbering system?
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In the deciduous dentition, how are the teeth numbered according to the universal numbering system?
In the deciduous dentition, how are the teeth numbered according to the universal numbering system?
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What does the second digit in the tooth coding system represent?
What does the second digit in the tooth coding system represent?
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What anatomical part of the tooth is referred to as the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)?
What anatomical part of the tooth is referred to as the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)?
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Which system uses symbols like (+) and (-) to designate tooth positions?
Which system uses symbols like (+) and (-) to designate tooth positions?
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In the Hederup system, how are teeth numbered for the permanent dentition on the right side?
In the Hederup system, how are teeth numbered for the permanent dentition on the right side?
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Which anatomical part of the tooth is primarily responsible for protecting the tooth structure?
Which anatomical part of the tooth is primarily responsible for protecting the tooth structure?
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What is the hardest tissue in the human tooth?
What is the hardest tissue in the human tooth?
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Which junction connects the cementum and enamel structures?
Which junction connects the cementum and enamel structures?
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What is the primary function of the pulp tissue in the tooth?
What is the primary function of the pulp tissue in the tooth?
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Which of the following correctly describes the anatomical crown?
Which of the following correctly describes the anatomical crown?
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What type of tissue is cementum classified as?
What type of tissue is cementum classified as?
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What color is enamel typically described as?
What color is enamel typically described as?
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Which component directly surrounds the pulp cavity?
Which component directly surrounds the pulp cavity?
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How does the gingival recession affect the anatomical crown?
How does the gingival recession affect the anatomical crown?
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At 6 years, which teeth show no root resorption?
At 6 years, which teeth show no root resorption?
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At 9 years, which tooth has most of the roots resorbed?
At 9 years, which tooth has most of the roots resorbed?
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What condition is true for tooth 3 at 6 years?
What condition is true for tooth 3 at 6 years?
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At what age do all deciduous teeth shed according to the provided information?
At what age do all deciduous teeth shed according to the provided information?
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Which of the following teeth shows root completion by 9 years?
Which of the following teeth shows root completion by 9 years?
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At 6 years, which tooth shows root resorption of less than 1/3?
At 6 years, which tooth shows root resorption of less than 1/3?
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At 9 years, which tooth shows the condition of 'shedded'?
At 9 years, which tooth shows the condition of 'shedded'?
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Which tooth has completed its crown at 6 years?
Which tooth has completed its crown at 6 years?
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At 9 years, how many teeth have completed roots?
At 9 years, how many teeth have completed roots?
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What condition does tooth 1 have at 6 years?
What condition does tooth 1 have at 6 years?
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Study Notes
Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion
- Subject covers dental anatomy, physiology, and occlusion
- Includes an introduction to the topic
- Tooth morphology is the study of external and internal tooth structure, function, eruption, and shedding
Tooth Morphology
- Deals with the external and internal structure, morphology, function, eruption, and shedding of teeth
- Covers all teeth in the mouth
Importance of Dental Anatomy Study
- Practitioners need knowledge of morphology, occlusion, aesthetics, phonetics, and tooth functions
- This helps differentiate between normal and abnormal cases
- Correct diagnoses and appropriate treatment are possible with this knowledge
Surface Form of the Oral Cavity
- Structures of the oral cavity include: lips, roof of mouth (palate), floor of mouth, tongue, uvula, palatine tonsils, gingiva, and teeth.
- The teeth are found in arches (maxilla and mandible)
Dental Anatomy
- The dentition refers to all teeth in the upper and lower jaws
- External and internal composition of teeth are studied
- The relationship of teeth to each other and the skull bone is examined
Teeth
- Arranged in two arches (maxillary and mandibular)
- Upper arch is the maxilla, and teeth here are maxillary or upper teeth
- Lower arch is the mandible, and the teeth here are mandibular or lower teeth
- Divided into four quadrants by a midline
- Each quadrant contains approximately equal teeth
Classes of Teeth
- Four main classes
- Incisors: Two per quadrant, used for cutting and incising
- Canines: One per quadrant, used for cutting and tearing
- Premolars: Two per quadrant, used for tearing and grinding
- Molars: Three per quadrant, used for grinding
Dentition Periods
- Clinically, humans have two dentitions: primary (deciduous) and permanent (secondary or succedaneous)
- Primary dentitions include 20 teeth (10 maxillary, 10 mandibular)
- 5 teeth present in each quadrant
- 2 incisors, 1 canine, and 2 molars
- Mixed dentition is a transitional period (6-12 years), often difficult for young children (ugly-duckling stage)
- Permanent dentition includes 32 teeth (16 maxillary, 16 mandibular)
- 8 teeth present in each quadrant (2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars).
- The permanent molars are not preceded by deciduous teeth.
Dental Traits
- Set traits distinguish deciduous teeth from permanent teeth
- Arch traits distinguish maxillary from mandibular
- Class traits differentiate the four tooth classes based on function
- Type traits differentiate teeth within a single class (e.g., differences between central and lateral incisors)
Tooth Numbering Systems
- Palmer Notation System: Represents quadrant using letters & numbers.
- FDI (Federation Dentaire Internationale) system: two-digit code to represent teeth in quadrants.
- Universal numbering system: prefaced by a #; numbers from 1-32 for permanent and A-T for deciduous, system is widely used in the US
Functions of Teeth
- Mastication: The most important function; teeth perform grinding and tearing
- Appearance: Aesthetics; proper teeth alignment improves facial expressions
- Speech: Pronunciation; clear pronunciation depends on teeth
- Growth of Jaws: Teeth play a role in jaw growth during certain life stages
- Protection: Teeth can protect animals from threats(biting)
- Para-masticatory: Use of teeth as tools
Parts of Teeth
- Crown, neck, and root
- Enamel, dentin, pulp, cementum
- Cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)
- Dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)
- Dentino-cemental junction (DCJ)
- Anatomical crown, anatomical root, clinical crown, clinical root, gingival recession.
Dental Tissues
- Enamel, dentin, pulp, cementum
- Enamel is the hardest tissue
- Cementum connects the tooth and the connective tissues
- Pulp connective tissue is the soft tissue in the tooth
Junctions of Tooth Tissues
- Cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)
- Dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)
- Dentino-cemental junction (DCJ)
Teeth and Investing Structures
- Investing structures surround and support teeth, including alveolar bone, oral mucosa, gingiva, saliva, and TMJ.
Tooth Surfaces
- Five surfaces: mesial, distal, facial (labial or buccal), lingual, and occlusal.
Tooth Division into Thirds
- Crown portions and thirds for descriptive purposes
- Root thirds
Line and Point Angles of Teeth
- Based on tooth surfaces; for anterior and posterior teeth
Anatomical Landmarks of the Crown
- Crown elevations: lobes (primary for calcification and growth) or cups(formed from primary lobes)
- Crown depressions: grooves (developmental), fissures, and sulci (depressions or valleys).
- Cusps are pyramidal projections; important for chewing and grinding.
- Cingulum is an enlargement or bulge.
- Mamelons are small projections.
- Tubercles are small elevations caused by excessive enamel formation.
- Enamel pearls are small enamel droplets on the dentin of tooth roots.
- Ridges are linear elevations.
The Pulp
- Two parts: Coronal and radicular pulp
- Pulp chamber, pulp horns, root canals, and apical foramen
The Periodontium
- Investing and supporting attachment of teeth
- Composed of two soft and two hard tissues (gingiva, cementum, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament)
Life History of Teeth
- Stages of development—Initiation, Bud, Cap, Bell, Apposition (dentinogenesis), Apposition (amelogenesis), Root formation and eruption, Attrition, Shedding
- Eruption patterns and timeline for both primary and permanent teeth
- Condition of teeth at different ages (birth, 6 months, 3 years, 6 years, 9 years, 12 years).
Mixed and Permanent Dentition
- Stages in the development and eruption in children
- Tooth patterns after eruption and root completion
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Description
Test your knowledge on dental anatomy, physiology, and tooth morphology. This quiz covers the structure, function, and significance of teeth in the oral cavity. Understand how this foundational knowledge aids practitioners in diagnostics and treatment.
