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Questions and Answers
What is the formula used to calculate density?
What is the formula used to calculate density?
Gases are generally more dense than solids.
Gases are generally more dense than solids.
False
What happens to the density of a substance when the temperature increases?
What happens to the density of a substance when the temperature increases?
The density decreases.
The density of water vapor is _______ than that of liquid water.
The density of water vapor is _______ than that of liquid water.
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Match the following substances with their densities:
Match the following substances with their densities:
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If a substance has a mass of 10g and a volume of 2.0 cm³, what is its density?
If a substance has a mass of 10g and a volume of 2.0 cm³, what is its density?
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A lower density substance will sink in a higher density substance.
A lower density substance will sink in a higher density substance.
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What is the volume of a container that is filled completely with 10g of salt if the density of salt is 2.16g/cm³?
What is the volume of a container that is filled completely with 10g of salt if the density of salt is 2.16g/cm³?
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Study Notes
Density
- Density describes the amount of mass in a given volume of a substance.
- It's a measure of how much mass is contained within a specific volume.
- Substances with lower density will float on substances with higher density.
- The Particle Theory of Matter (PTM) states that different substances have different sized particles and that there are spaces between these particles.
Density and the PTM
- The PTM explains that the spaces between particles affect density.
- The greater the space between particles, the lower the density.
- For example, water vapor has a lower density than liquid water.
- Gases generally have lower density than liquids, which are less dense than solids.
Calculating Density
- To calculate density, you need the mass and volume of a substance.
- Mass is the amount of matter in a substance.
- Volume is the amount of space a substance occupies.
- For irregular shapes, measure the volume by calculating the amount of water the object displaces.
Formula
- Density = Mass / Volume
- The formula can be rearranged to find mass or volume.
Sample Problems
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Example 1: Find the density of a 10g mass with a volume of 2.0 cm³.
- Density = 10g / 2.0cm³ = 5.0 g/cm³
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Example 2: Calculate the volume of a 10g substance if its density is 2.16 g/cm³.
- Volume = 10g / 2.16 g/cm³ = 4.63 cm³
Temperature and Density
- Increasing temperature causes particles to gain energy and spread out, taking up more space.
- This results in decreased density.
Examples/Applications
- Hot air balloons
- Warm vs. cool tire pressure
- Water in different states (solid water is less dense when frozen)
- Drying wood
- Salt water is more dense than fresh water
- Swim bladders (fish)
- Submarines
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Description
Test your understanding of density and the Particle Theory of Matter. This quiz covers concepts such as the calculation of density, the differences in density between solids, liquids, and gases, and how particle spacing affects density. Increase your knowledge on these fundamental scientific principles.
