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Questions and Answers
What is the first stage of the phagocytosis process?
What is the first stage of the phagocytosis process?
- Chemotaxis (correct)
- Digestion
- Engulfment
- Adhesion
Which of the following best describes chemotaxis in the context of phagocytosis?
Which of the following best describes chemotaxis in the context of phagocytosis?
- The mechanism of cell movement towards a chemical stimulus (correct)
- The adherence of phagocytes to pathogens
- The release of enzymes to kill pathogens
- The process of digestion of pathogens
In phagocytosis, what primarily triggers the chemotaxis effect?
In phagocytosis, what primarily triggers the chemotaxis effect?
- Pathogen degradation
- Inflammatory stimuli (correct)
- Nutrient availability
- Cellular division
Which stage of phagocytosis occurs after chemotaxis?
Which stage of phagocytosis occurs after chemotaxis?
What role do phagocytes play during the chemotaxis stage of phagocytosis?
What role do phagocytes play during the chemotaxis stage of phagocytosis?
What is the primary role of mature dendritic cells once they migrate to organs such as lymph nodes and the spleen?
What is the primary role of mature dendritic cells once they migrate to organs such as lymph nodes and the spleen?
Which process do immature dendritic cells use to take up pathogens and their antigens?
Which process do immature dendritic cells use to take up pathogens and their antigens?
Where do mature dendritic cells primarily migrate to present antigens?
Where do mature dendritic cells primarily migrate to present antigens?
What type of cells primarily perform the initial uptake of pathogens in tissues?
What type of cells primarily perform the initial uptake of pathogens in tissues?
Which mechanism is NOT involved in the uptake of antigens by immature dendritic cells?
Which mechanism is NOT involved in the uptake of antigens by immature dendritic cells?
What term describes the collective effects of redness, swelling, heat, and pain at the site of infection?
What term describes the collective effects of redness, swelling, heat, and pain at the site of infection?
Which cells are primarily responsible for the inflammatory response?
Which cells are primarily responsible for the inflammatory response?
What causes the redness and swelling associated with inflammation?
What causes the redness and swelling associated with inflammation?
What is the primary benefit of inflammation at an infection site?
What is the primary benefit of inflammation at an infection site?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation?
What are the two major sub-populations of dendritic cells?
What are the two major sub-populations of dendritic cells?
Which type of dendritic cells includes Langerhans cells?
Which type of dendritic cells includes Langerhans cells?
Where are Lymphoid dendritic cells primarily found?
Where are Lymphoid dendritic cells primarily found?
What is the origin of Myeloid dendritic cells?
What is the origin of Myeloid dendritic cells?
Which statement about Myeloid and Lymphoid dendritic cells is incorrect?
Which statement about Myeloid and Lymphoid dendritic cells is incorrect?
What is the primary role of antibodies and C3b in relation to capsulated bacteria?
What is the primary role of antibodies and C3b in relation to capsulated bacteria?
What term describes the process of enhancing phagocytosis by antibodies and C3b?
What term describes the process of enhancing phagocytosis by antibodies and C3b?
Which structure forms around a foreign agent during phagocytosis?
Which structure forms around a foreign agent during phagocytosis?
What is the name of the compartment formed when a foreign agent is engulfed by a phagocyte?
What is the name of the compartment formed when a foreign agent is engulfed by a phagocyte?
What happens to capsulated bacteria once they are opsonized?
What happens to capsulated bacteria once they are opsonized?
Study Notes
Dendritic Cell Subpopulations
- Dendritic cells exist in two major subpopulations: Myeloid and Lymphoid.
- Myeloid DCs include Langerhans cells found in the epidermis and other tissue DCs derived from blood monocytes.
- Lymphoid DCs are found in the blood and lymphoid organs.
Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration
- Mature DCs migrate via blood and lymph to organs like lymph nodes (LN) and spleen.
- In these organs, DCs present antigens to T cells.
Phagocytosis Process
- Immature DCs reside in tissues and take up pathogens and their antigens through macropinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis.
- Phagocytosis is divided into four stages:
- Chemotaxis: The attraction of phagocytic cells to the site of inflammation.
- Opsonization: Antibodies and complement component C3b facilitate the phagocytosis of capsulated bacteria.
- Ingestion: Pseudopodia engulf the foreign agent, forming a phagosome.
- Killing and Degradation: The foreign agent is killed and degraded within the phagosome.
Inflammation
- Redness, swelling, heat, and pain collectively known as inflammation result from fluid and cell accumulation at the site of infection.
- Neutrophils and macrophages are the primary inflammatory cells.
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Description
This quiz covers the key concepts of dendritic cell subpopulations, maturation, and migration, along with the detailed stages of phagocytosis. Explore the differences between myeloid and lymphoid dendritic cells and understand the mechanisms underlying their roles in immune response.
