Demography and Population

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of a population pyramid in Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition model?

Expansive (correct)

Constrictive

Linear

Stationary

In which stage of the Demographic Transition model do women tend to marry and have children later, leading to a decrease in birth rate?

Stage 1

Stage 4

Stage 3 (correct)

Stage 2

What is the term used to describe the period when the share of the working-age population is larger than the non-working-age population?

Demographic dividend (correct)

Old-age dependency ratio

Population growth

Youth dependency ratio

What is the main characteristic of a population pyramid in developed countries (Stages 4 and 5) of the Demographic Transition model?

Constrictive Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the high mortality rate in Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition model?

Underdeveloped healthcare and production technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Stage 2 and Stage 3 of the Demographic Transition model?

Decreased demand for rural labor Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of population growth in Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition model?

Rapidly increasing Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the ratio of elderly people to working-age people in a population?

Old-age dependency ratio Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a population pyramid in Stage 3 of the Demographic Transition model?

Stationary Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the low birth rate in developed countries (Stages 4 and 5) of the Demographic Transition model?

Women's empowerment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of demography?

Focusing on the size, structure, and distribution of human populations Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a population pyramid?

To estimate future trends in birth rates, death rates, and total dependency ratios Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of total dependency ratios?

The proportion of the population that is not in the labor force to the proportion of the population that is in the labor force Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical age range for the youth population?

15-19 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical age range for the elderly population?

65 years old and above Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an expansive population pyramid?

High birth rate and high death rate Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to high total dependency ratios?

The number of people below the working age population is higher than the aging population Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of a stationary population pyramid?

A rectangle or pillar shape Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of low birth rates and low death rates in a population pyramid?

Moderate total dependency ratios Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between an expansive population pyramid and a stationary population pyramid?

The birth rate and death rate of the population Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Demography

Scientific study of human populations, focusing on size, structure, and distribution
Analyzes data on births, deaths, migration, and aging, and how these factors influence population changes over time

Population Pyramid

Graph that shows the distribution of ages across a population of an area
Used to estimate future trends in birth rates, death rates, and Total Dependency Ratios
Three types:
- Expansive (sharp triangle shape): high birth rate and high death rate, resulting in high Total Dependency Ratios
- Stationary (rectangle or "pillar" shape): low birth rate and low death rate, resulting in moderate Total Dependency Ratios
- Constrictive (upside-down triangle): low birth rate and moderate death rate, resulting in high Total Dependency Ratios

Total Dependency Ratios

Measure that compares the proportion of the population that is not in the labor force (dependents) to the proportion of the population that is in the labor force (productive workers)
Youth Dependency: high youth dependency ratio occurs when the number of people below the working age population is higher than the ageing population
Old-Age Dependency: high old-age dependency ratio occurs when there are high numbers of middle-aged and elderly people, but fewer young people

Demographic Transition

Model that describes the transformation of a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates over time
Five stages:
- Stage 1: Early agricultural society, high birth rate and death rate, stable and slowly increasing population growth, expansive population pyramid
- Stage 2: Developing countries, high birth rate, falling death rate, rapidly increasing population growth, expansive population pyramid
- Stage 3: Developing countries, falling birth rate, falling death rate, increasing population growth, demographic dividend, stationary population pyramid
- Stages 4 and 5: Developed countries, low birth rate, low death rate, falling and then stable population growth, high old-age dependency ratio, stationary to constrictive population pyramid

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Description

Explore the scientific study of human populations, including size, structure, and distribution. Learn about demography, population pyramids, and how they are used to understand population trends.