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What is the definition of tourism according to Prof. Hunziker and Krapf?
The sum of phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, in so far they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected in earning activity.
Which of the following is NOT a criterion that differentiates visitors from other travelers?
What defines an international visitor?
Any person who travels to a country outside his/her usual environment for less than 12 consecutive months.
What is an overnight visitor also known as?
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A same-day visitor stays at the destination for more than 24 hours.
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Tourism is comprised of activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than ___ consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.
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What purpose does travel serve according to the document?
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What is the definition of risk according to UNWTO?
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What is the primary focus of risk management?
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Which of the following is NOT a source of risk mentioned?
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Credit risk refers to the potential that a borrower will fail to meet their obligations.
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A hazard can cause _____ to someone or something.
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Which of the following is an example of a common injury in the hospitality industry?
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What are the three broad groups of natural disasters?
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Risks and accidents can be used interchangeably.
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What is the goal of credit risk management?
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Study Notes
Defining Tourism
- Prof. Hunziker and Krapf describe tourism as phenomena and relationships from the travel and stay of non-residents, excluding permanent residence or income-generating activities.
- The Tourism Society in Britain characterizes tourism as short-term movement of people to destinations outside their usual residence for various activities.
- Cardiff's Tourism Society defines tourism by the voluntary activities undertaken outside one’s home environment.
- The World Tourism Organization states tourism involves travel and stay outside usual environments for leisure, business, or other purposes, lasting less than one year.
Tourism Terminologies
- Travelers: Individuals moving between multiple locations.
- Visitors: Tourists who engage in specific activities and meet criteria like traveling outside their usual environment, staying less than 12 months, and not earning income at the destination.
Types of Visitors
- Overnight Visitor (Tourist): Stays more than 24 hours away from home.
- Same-day Visitor (Excursionist): Visits for less than 24 hours without overnight accommodation.
- International Visitor: Travels outside their home country for less than 12 months.
- Domestic Visitor: Travels within their home country for less than 12 months.
Elements of Travel
- Distance: Typically requires traveling at least 100 miles away from home to distinguish between regular commuting and tourism.
- Length of Stay: Tourists make at least one overnight stay, while excursionists do not.
- Residence of the Traveler: Knowing the traveler's home location is essential for business and research.
- Purpose of Travel: Includes visiting friends and relatives, attending conventions, business trips, outdoor recreation, entertainment, and personal reasons.
Nature of a Tour
- Domestic Tourism: Travel within one's own country, facilitating ease with no language, currency, or documentation barriers.
- International Tourism: Involves travel across borders, which can be complicated due to language differences, currency issues, and passport or visa requirements.
Tour Types
- Package Tour: An all-inclusive arrangement where transport and accommodation costs are bundled, limiting the ability to purchase elements separately.
- Independent Tour: Facilitates booking of services like flights and accommodations separately, often through a travel agent.
Tourist Products
- Service: Intangible offerings that cannot be examined pre-purchase, necessitating buyer trust, especially in package tours.
- Psychological Attraction: Tourism transcends mere services; it encompasses the temporary experience of a new environment and the local culture.
- Standard and Quality: Over time, the quality of packaged tours can fluctuate, influencing consumer trust and satisfaction.
Definition of Risk
- Risk refers to situations that expose individuals or entities to danger or loss, encompassing physical safety, property loss, and financial business risks.
- Risk is viewed as the probability or threat of adverse occurrences resulting from vulnerabilities, with management strategies often aiming to mitigate these threats.
Understanding Hazard vs. Risk
- Hazard signifies any source of potential damage or adverse health effects, while risk denotes the likelihood that exposure to a hazard will result in harm.
- The distinction highlights that hazards exist independently from the probability of their causing harm.
Risk Management Overview
- Risk Management involves the identification, evaluation, and prioritization of risks, along with the coordinated application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the likelihood of negative events to achieve desired outcomes.
Sources of Risk
- Financial market uncertainties can impact profitability.
- Project failures can arise at various stages of design and development.
- Legal liabilities introduce potential legal consequences for businesses.
- Credit risk involves the chance of borrowers failing to fulfill obligations.
- Accidents can occur within the operational environment of hospitality and tourism.
- Natural disasters and deliberate attacks from adversaries also represent significant risks.
- Events with unpredictable root causes can further complicate risk management.
Legal Liabilities in Risk Management
- Operators are morally and ethically responsible for the safety of guests and employees, necessitating strategies to prevent emotional and physical harm.
- Business operations require protection from property damage and potential litigation.
Credit Risk in Tourism and Hospitality
- Credit risk represents the chance of a borrower defaulting on financial obligations.
- Effective credit risk management aims to maintain risk exposure within acceptable limits while maximizing returns.
Comparison of Risks and Accidents
- Risks are preventive, while accidents are reactive occurrences.
- Accident management focuses on minimizing costs associated with damages, ensuring efficient recovery afterward.
Common Injuries in the Hospitality Industry
- Slip-and-fall injuries
- Musculoskeletal injuries
- Skin reactions
- Respiratory illnesses
- Security-related accidents
- Food poisoning
- Elevator and escalator accidents
Accidents in the Tourism Industry
- Accidents can result from fortuitous events or natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods, and storms.
- Transportation accidents occur in various modes (air, land, sea).
- Activity-related accidents include pool incidents and animal attacks.
Natural Disasters
- Natural disasters are categorized into three groups:
- Earth movement-related disasters
- Weather-related disasters
- Floods, mudslides, and famine
Deliberate Attacks from Adversaries
- Terrorism represents a significant threat to the tourism industry, characterized by violence or threats in pursuit of various objectives.
- Such acts can be executed by governments, non-state actors, or covert personnel and impact broader communities beyond immediate victims.
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Description
Explore the essential definitions and concepts of tourism from a macro perspective. This quiz examines various interpretations and dimensions of tourism, focusing on its impact and relationship with non-residents. Dive deep into the definitions provided by experts in the field.
